洪水控制

Because when a river overflows in a vast flood plain, a minute rise in the water level represents extremely large volume of water.

改进洪水预报、预报洪水路径和控制洪水的基本要求之一在于水位的精确测量。

Perhaps it is humankind's long suffering at the mercy of flood and drought that makes the ideal of forcing the waters to do our bidding so fascinating.

可能是因为人类太长时间遭受洪水与干旱的折磨，使得控制洪水的理想变得如此有吸引力。

We must consider how we can bring the flood under control.

我们得考虑如何使洪水得到控制

The Mississippi on the history once was in for many times spring freshet, along the river low-lying flood overruns; implements water conservancy project energetically later, not be pure add expensive dam, employ several dollars to be carried out to wadi however cut a turn into parts to take straight, protect bank, dredge, the project such as build spillway and reservoir, eventually the flood of Mississippi of control of with one action.

历史上密西西比河曾经多次在春季河水暴涨，沿河低地洪水泛滥成灾；后来大力实施水利工程，不是单纯加高堤坝，而是动用数亿美元对河道实施裁弯取直、护堤、疏浚，修筑溢洪道和水库等工程，终于一举控制密西西比河的洪水。

The study results indicate that the simulation results in Zhangjiashan and the area between Xianyang and Lintong are more reasonable. Layered Continuous Muskingum method is used to rout the flood in mainstream, and the runoff process at Huaxian station is composed of the results of Muskingum and the runoff simulated in interzone.

在渭河下游流域移用秦渡镇控制流域的模型参数来模拟区间的洪水过程；干流洪水演算采用马斯京根分层连续演算法，最后将区间模拟的径流过程和干流径流过程相叠加形成华县站的流量过程。

It is also pointed out that overbank flood-induced deposition on flood plain is mainly caused by the transversal exchange of water and sand between the flood plain and the main channel. By water and sand diversion experiments performed in 2002, it is verif...

通过2002年的调水调沙试验，验证了漫滩洪水可有效增加平滩流量的认识，建议在下游泥沙还没有得到有效控制的情况下允许洪水在一定范围内漫滩，这样从长远来看对防洪是有利的。

To use the flood resources adequately and fully,the method which considers the time series variance law of flood statistical characteristics within the year to calculate staged limited water level in flood season and design flood is proposed.Case study demonstrates that the method is feasible and appliable.

为更好地提高洪水资源利用率，基于暴雨洪水的物理成因和统计规律分析，提出采用年内洪水统计特性变化规律来确定设计洪水和各分期汛限水位的新方法，结合实例说明该方法在汛限水位动态控制中的实用性和可行性。

In this dissertation, as for some problems in flood forecast andreservoir regulation, the research had been done based on the special research topic dynamiccontrol on limit water level in flood season using theories of fuzzy optimizing theory,maximum entropy theory, entropy-weighted multi-objective decision making method, geneticalgorithm etc. And the research focused on evaporation calculation, fuzzy description ofcatchraent impoundage, fuzzy similarity calibration method, nolinear watershed concentrationmodel and error distribution maximum entropy model and risk computation of dynamiccontrol reservoir water level in flood season when the flood forecast and precipitation forecastare taken into consideration.

本文从洪水预报和汛限水位动态控制两个研究方向着手，以汛限水位动态控制研究专题的试点水库为工程背景，运用模糊优选理论、极大熵理论、熵权多目标决策法、遗传算法等理论，研究了蒸散发计算和流域蓄水容量的模糊描述、洪水预报模型参数的模糊相似校正方法、流域非线性汇流模型、误差分布的极大熵模型以及考虑洪水预报和降雨预报动态控制水库汛限水位的风险计算方法。

It is safe and precise for configuring pressure chamber and inlet well.Based on the tests and theory calculations, the paper demonstrated that computing tilting moment and resisting moment could attain self-tilting weirs tilt behavior.

自溃式迷宫堰具有超泄能力强且可倾覆的特点，通过调整进水井顶部高程和底板配重控制倾覆时机，具有非常高的安全度和精确度，能满足常遇洪水和超标准洪水的防洪要求。

Then, transmission relationship between frequency for maximum flood discharge in a yearand frequency for every flood in this year was established. And based on the risk rate ofdynamic controlling reservoir water level in flood season defined by Prof. B.D Wang andmaximum entropy model of forecast error distribution, the definition of risk rates when usingflood forecast or combination of flood forecast and precipitation forecast to control limitwater level in flood season were difined. And their corresponded calculation methods weregiven as well in this dissertation.

在王本德教授对汛限水位动态控制风险率定义的基础上，结合预报误差分布的极大熵模型，通过分析年频率与次频率的转换关系，建立了利用洪水预报以及洪水预报和降雨预报联合应用动态控制水库汛限水位的风险率定义及其计算方法。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了