泵

Special pump company's main products are: J Series piston metering pumps, J Series divide metering pumps, ADX | DX series of small flow of centrifugal pumps, TA | TE Petroleum and Chemical Process pump, TH standard chemical pump, FY Double exports of high temperature under the pump, HZW Chemical axial flow pump, HHW Francis chemical pumps, methylamine pump spare parts, chemicals and medicine system devices.

特种泵业公司的主要产品有：J系列柱塞计量泵、J系列隔膜计量泵、ADX|DX系列小流量离心泵、TA|TE石油化工流程泵、TH标准化工泵、FY双出口高温液下泵、HZW化工轴流泵、HHW化工混流泵、甲胺泵备件、化学加药系统装置等。

Caused by the brake disc brake on back wheel should not have four kinds of spaces possible: First, the foot brake 5 exhaust inlets, high pressure gas instinct Pai people the atmosphere, caused by gas-liquid master cylinder should not spring back to place, cause the system Oil will move the brake disc brake wheel cylinder piston top dead can not come back to places; are gas-liquid two disc brake master cylinder to the tubing plug, resulting in brake wheel cylinder piston can not come back to places; are three master cylinder of gas-liquid Can not spring back to their own spaces, brake fluid under high pressure gas, liquid should not return to the master cylinder reservoir chamber, resulting in brake wheel cylinder piston can not come back to places; are four wheel disc brake piston brake system because of moving fluid dirty or rusty Pistons Can not Back-bit card dead.

造成盘式制动器上的制动分泵不能回位有4种可能：一是脚制动阀5的排气口堵塞，高压气体本能排人大气，造成气液总泵的弹簧不能回位，导致制动油将盘式制动器的制动分泵活塞顶死而不能回位；二是气液总泵至盘式制动器的油管堵塞，造成制动分泵活塞不能回位；三是气液总泵的弹簧本身不能回位，制动液在高压气体作用下，不能回到气液总泵的储油室，从而造成制动分泵活塞不能回位；四是盘式制动器制动分泵活塞由于制动液太脏或活塞生锈卡死而不能回位。

Caused by disc brake on the brake Wheel Cylinder could not return to places 4 possible: First, 5 foot brake valve exhaust port blocking, high-pressure gas instinct platoon atmosphere, caused by gas-liquid master cylinder of the spring could not return to place, resulting in the system move oil, brake disc brake Wheel Cylinder Piston top dead and could not return to places; second is to the disc brake master cylinder gas-liquid pipeline blockage, resulting in brake Cylinder piston can not return to place; third master cylinder of the gas-liquid Spring itself can not return to position, brake fluid under high pressure gas can not return Axial pump to gas-liquid master cylinder reservoir chamber, resulting in brake Cylinder piston can not return to places; Fourth Wheel Cylinder piston disc brake system, due to moving fluid dirty or rusty card dead and can not return to the piston position.

造成盘式制动器上的制动分泵不能回位有4种可能：一是脚制动阀5的排气口堵塞，高压气体本能排人大气，造成气液总泵的弹簧不能回位，导致制动油将盘式制动器的制动分泵活塞顶死而不能回位；二是气液总泵至盘式制动器的油管堵塞，造成制动分泵活塞不能回位；三是气液总泵的弹簧本身不能回位，制动液在高压气体作用下，不能回到气液总泵的储油室，从而造成制动分泵活塞不能回位；四是盘式制动器制动分泵活塞由于制动液太脏或活塞生锈卡死而不能回位。

The invention relates to a light pumping system for all-solid laser, particularly a light pumping system for disc type laser, comprising heat sink, laser crystal, optical fiber, plane reflector, a first concave reflector, a second concave reflector, and a third concave reflector, and adopting a structure that the plane reflector is between the optical fiber and the first concave reflector, to make the LD and laser cavity on the same side of the laser crystal, thus reducing the packaged size of the laser; the invention fixes the plane reflector on the heat sink to reduce the inclined incident angle of the pumped light beam, thus the pumped light can be fully absorbed, and the invention solves the problem of pumping efficiency and largely reduces the bulk of the laser, beneficial to the all curing of the product and ensuring the cooling requirement of the laser crystal.

本发明涉及全固体激光器的光泵浦系统，特别是一种盘式激光器的光泵浦系统。包括热沉1、激光晶体2、光纤3、平面反射镜4、第一凹面反射镜5、第二凹面反射镜6、第三凹面反射镜7，本发明采用平面反射镜位于光纤与第一凹面反射镜之间的结构，使LD和激光腔位于本发明激光晶体的同一侧，从而减小了激光器的封装尺寸；本发明将平面反射镜固定在热沉上，使泵浦光束斜入射角减小，泵浦光则能充分吸收，为此，本发明解决背景技术采用第一凹面反射镜使泵浦光束斜入射角过大引起的像散，泵浦光斑变形引起泵浦效率降低问题，使得本发明可选用大面积半导体制冷器，避免使用水冷，则激光器的体积大大减少，有利于产品的全固化，保证了激光晶体的散热要求。

RESULT: 1.Ouabain act on lens sodium-pump,under the LM,lens anterior capsular membrane discontinuous,epithelium cells clustered,occluding zonule seperated,lens fiber layers fractured.Under the EM,cells totally hollowed,mitochondria swelling,myelin figure appeared.RT-PCR examine the expression condition of αsubunit of sodium pump on mRNA level,α1、α2 and α3-isoform are all decreased.2.Digoxin act on lens sodium-pump,under the LM,lens cell oedema,linkage distructed,extensive exfoliation.Under the EM,plasma appeared little half-transparant hollow region,mitochondria swelling and ridge disappeared. RT-PCR examine,α1、α2 and α3-isoform are all decreased.3.Amphotericin B act on lens sodium-pump,under the LM,lens epithelium cells linked tightly,arranged in-line,lens fiber layers arranged tightly and regularily.Under the EM,abbundant cellular organes,exuberant cells function indicated. RT-PCR examine the expression condition of αsubunit of sodium pump on mRNA level,α1 and α3-isoform are increased significantly,demonstrated isoform-specific action.4D-thyroxine act on lens sodium-pump,under the LM,lens plasmalemma integrated,cells arranged tightly and regularily.Under the EM,nucleus fission appeared,desmosome half-desmosome and tensile microfilaments linked the cells. RT-PCR examine,α2 and α3-isoform are increased, also demonstrated isoform-specific action.5.Vitamin E act on lens sodium-pump,under the LM,lens anterior capsular membrane continuous and smooth,epithelium cells tightly linked,lens fiber layers appearede hollow region occasionally.Under the EM,lateral membrane high density belt appeared,abundant nucleolus. RT-PCR examine,onlyα1-isoform are increased, demonstrated significantly isoform-specific action.6.DMSO act on lens sodium-pump,under the LM,lens anterior capsular membrane slightly thicker,cells linkage partly distructed.Under the EM,plasmalemma denaturation,mitochondria swelling.RT-PCR examine,α1、α2 and α3-isoform are all altered slightly and haven't significant meanning.

结果：1、哇巴因作用于晶状体钠泵后，光镜下晶状体前囊膜断裂、上皮细胞聚积、闭合连接分离、纤维板层裂隙，电镜下全层细胞空泡化、线粒体肿胀出现髓样结构，RT-PCR法检测晶状体钠泵α亚单位α1、α2及α3三种重整异构体在mRNA水平的表达均减弱。2、地高辛作用于晶状体钠泵后，光镜下晶状体细胞水肿、细胞连接破坏、广泛剥离，电镜下胞质见少许半透明空化区、线粒体肿胀嵴消失，RT-PCR法检测晶状体钠泵α亚单位α1、α2及α3三种重整异构体在mRNA水平的表达均减弱。3、两性霉素B作用于晶状体钠泵后，光镜下晶状体上皮细胞紧密连接、线状排列、纤维板层紧密规整，电镜下细胞器丰富、细胞功能旺盛，RT-PCR法检测α1及α3表达显著增强、具有一定的重整异构作用特异性。4、D甲状腺素作用于晶状体钠泵后，光镜下晶状体质膜完整、细胞排列紧密规整，电镜下胞核见分裂像、细胞间有桥粒、半桥粒及张力微丝，RT-PCR法检测α2及α3表达均增强、亦有一定的重整异构作用特异性。5、维生素E作用于晶状体钠泵后，光镜下晶状体前囊膜连续光滑、上皮细胞紧密连接、纤维板层偶见空化，电镜下囊侧膜内有高电子密度带、细胞核仁丰富，RT-PCR法检测仅有α1的表达显著增强、具有极强的重整异构作用特异性。6、二甲基亚砜作用于晶状体钠泵后，光镜下晶状体前囊膜轻度增厚、细胞连接部分破坏，电镜下质膜变性、线粒体肿胀，RT-PCR法检测晶状体钠泵α亚单位α1、α2及α3三种重整异构体在mRNA水平的表达无显著改变。

With the support of a major research grant of Zhejiang Province (No. 001101027) and the Plan of Promoting Education of Excellence of Zhejiang University in the 21st Century, this dissertation is devoted to address the above problems and fabricate an L-band EDFA with low cost, high performance and technological innovation.First the mechanism of an erbium doped fiber amplifier is introduced. Various theoretical models based on classical rate propagation equations are summarized and compared for their applications. We use a modified numerical model based on the Giles model, which agrees with the experimental results well. This serves as the theoretical base for the whole thesis and will be used to optimize the characteristics of EDFAs. A novel method based on a map of noise figure and gain is proposed to analyze efficiently the dependence of the noise figure and gain for EDFAs on the EDF length and the pump power. The characteristics of various EDFAs are studied and compared.Secondly, some important parameters are introduced to describe the characteristics of EDFAs. The methods and the experimental setups for measuring the gain and noise figure of an EDFA are emphasized. We introduce how to measure the characteristics of each component of an EDFA, especially the gain and absorption coefficient of an erbium doped fiber.Thirdly, four types of simple and novel L-band EDFA structures with low noise, high gain and low gain ripple are proposed to satisfy the requirement of a DWDM system. They can be classified into two categories. In the first category, a single ASE pumping is served asa secondary pump. This category includes the following three types. Type: a new construction using a fiber Bragg grating in an unpumped EDF section at the input side. Type: a new structure of L-Band EDFA with two-stage pumps, which utilizes the forward ASE as a second pump.

本论文本着科技创新、服务于生产实践的精神，以设计价格低廉，性能优越、结构合理简单的L-band EDFA为目标，依托浙江省科技厅重大科学基金资助项目(001101027)和浙江大学振兴教育计划资助的全光网络的搭建—《光通信技术》课程实验建设项目，展开了如下工作：首先，介绍了掺铒光纤放大器的工作原理，归纳总结了基于速率方程基础的EDFA的各种理论模型，分析比较了各个模型的特点和适用场合，最终选择完善的Giles理论模型作为本论文分析设计EDFA的理论基础；针对实际实验条件提出了修正的EDFA模型的数值计算方法；创新地提出了增益—噪声系数全局分析法，直观有效地分析了EDFA的增益和噪声系数与掺铒光纤长度和泵浦功率的依赖关系，并对各种EDFA的性能作了全面的比较；第二，介绍了掺铒光纤放大器特性参数的定义与测量方法，重点介绍了噪声系数和增益系数的测量方法及实验装置；介绍了组成掺铒光纤放大器各组件的特性测量方法，重点介绍了测量掺铒光纤参数的方法和实验装置；第三，针对WDM系统对L-band EDFA谱平坦、低噪声、高增益的要求，我们创新地提出了四种不同的L-band EDFA结构，按设计思路可以分为两大类：一类是基于单抽运二级泵浦法，这一类包括在未泵浦掺铒光纤的输入端插入一根布拉格光纤光栅的两段L-band的EDFA的新结构；基于前向ASE光作为二级泵浦源推动下一级EDF工作的泵浦分配、两段级联L-band的EDFA的新结构；基于单根光纤光栅、泵浦分配、两段级联的EDFA；另一类则是基于同时应用前后向C-band ASE作二级泵浦源的双抽运法，如基于前后向ASE光作为二级泵浦源的三段级联L-band的EDFA的新结构。

Ring, including high pressure air, FRP acid pH blower, electromagnetic pump, auto-powder-bubble machine, sludge dewatering machine, coaxial vortex pumps, chemical liquid filters, coaxial self-suction pump acid pH, vertical centrifugal pipeline Pumps, water-dirt pumps, horizontal direct-pumped, Shen stainless steel water pump, Gear pumps, two high-speed pumps, automatic booster pumps, automatic pressure booster pump, building water supply submersible pumps , Multi-Purpose centrifugal pumps, computer frequency constant pressure pump, electronic constant pressure booster pumps, reciprocating washing machines, pressure-pumping interactive tied, tied for interactive frequency constant pressure pump, stainless steel deep-well pump, dust collection machines and dust collection Equipment, gas-casual, casual trachea, and many other environmental chemical equipment and sewage treatment works, such as the planning design and construction.

包括环形高压风机，FRP耐酸硷送风机，电磁气泵，自动型粉体泡药机，污泥脱水机，涡流式同轴抽水机，化学液体过滤器，同轴自吸式耐酸硷泵浦，立式管道离心泵，沉水式污物泵，卧式直接式泵浦，沉水不锈钢泵，齿式水泵，两段高速泵，自动增压泵，压差式自动增压泵，大楼给水潜水泵，多段式离心水泵，电脑变频恒压泵，电子恒压增压泵，往复式清洗机，压差式交互并列泵浦，变频恒压交互并列泵浦，不锈钢深井泵，集尘机及集尘设备，散气盘，散气管等各式环保化工设备及污水处理工程的规划设计施工等。

Ring, including high pressure air, FRP acid pH blower, electromagnetic pump, auto-powder-bubble machine, sludge dewatering machine, coaxial vortex pumps, chemical liquid filters, coaxial self-suction pump acid pH, vertical centrifugal pipeline Pumps, water-dirt pumps, horizontal direct-pumped, Shen stainless steel water pump, Gear pumps, two high-speed pumps, automatic booster pumps, automatic pressure booster pump, building water supply submersible pumps , Multi-Purpose centrifugal pump, computer frequency constant pressure pump, electronic constant pressure booster pumps, reciprocating washing machines, pressure-pumping interactive tied, tied for interactive frequency constant pressure pump, stainless steel deep-well pump, dust collection machines and dust collection Equipment, gas-casual, casual trachea, and many other environmental chemical equipment and sewage treatment works, such as the planning design and construction.

包括环形高压风机，FRP耐酸硷送风机，电磁气泵，自动型粉体泡药机，污泥脱水机，涡流式同轴抽水机，化学液体过滤器，同轴自吸式耐酸硷泵浦，立式管道离心泵，沉水式污物泵，卧式直接式泵浦，沉水不锈钢泵，齿式水泵，两段高速泵，自动增压泵，压差式自动增压泵，大楼给水潜水泵，多段式离心水泵，电脑变频恒压泵，电子恒压增压泵，往复式清洗机，压差式交互并列泵浦，变频恒压交互并列泵浦，不锈钢深井泵，集尘机及集尘设备，散气盘，散气管等各式环保化工设备及污水处理工程的规划设计施工等。

Including Ring high pressure air, FRP acid pH blower, electromagnetic pump, auto-powder-bubble machine, sludge dewatering machine, coaxial vortex pumps, chemical liquid filters, coaxial acid pH self-suction pump, centrifugal vertical pipe Pumps, water-dirt pumps, horizontal direct-pumped, Shen stainless steel water pump, Gear pumps, two high-speed pumps, automatic booster pumps, automatic pressure booster pump, building water supply submersible pumps , Multi-Purpose centrifugal pumps, computer frequency constant pressure pump, electronic constant pressure booster pumps, reciprocating washing machines, pressure-pumping interactive tied, tied for interactive frequency constant pressure pump, stainless steel deep-well pump, dust collection machines and dust collection Equipment, gas-casual, casual trachea, and many other environmental chemical equipment and sewage treatment works, such as the planning design and construction.

包括环形高压风机，FRP耐酸硷送风机，电磁气泵，自动型粉体泡药机，污泥脱水机，涡流式同轴抽水机，化学液体过滤器，同轴自吸式耐酸硷泵浦，立式管道离心泵，沉水式污物泵，卧式直接式泵浦，沉水不锈钢泵，齿式水泵，两段高速泵，自动增压泵，压差式自动增压泵，大楼给水潜水泵，多段式离心水泵，电脑变频恒压泵，电子恒压增压泵，往复式清洗机，压差式交互并列泵浦，变频恒压交互并列泵浦，不锈钢深井泵，集尘机及集尘设备，散气盘，散气管等各式环保化工设备及污水处理工程的规划设计施工等。

The conveyed medium can't be leaked outside. Thus it will not cause the environmental pollution and human body safety dangerous while exhausting the toxin and flammable or corrosive medium. 5、No electricity. It's safe and reliable while using in the flammable and explore places. 6、It can be soaked in medium. 7、It's convenient to use and reliable to work. Only open or close the gas valve body while starting or stopping. Even if no medium operation or pausing suddenly for long time because of accident matters, the pump will not be damaged caused by this. Once over-loading, the pump will automatically stop and possesses the self-protection function. When the load recovers normally, it also can start automation. 8、Simple structure and less wearing parts. This pump is simple in structure, installation and maintenance. The medium conveyed by the pump will not touch the matched pneumatic valve and coupling lever etc. not like other kinds pumps, the performance will drop down gradually because of the damages of rotor, gear and vane etc. 9、It can transmit the adhesive liquid (the viscosity is below 10000centipoise) 10、 This pump needn't the oil lubricant. Even if idling, it has any influence to the pump. This is a characteristic of this pump.

所以抽送有毒、易挥发或腐蚀性介质时，不会造成环境污染和危害人身安全； 5、不必用电，在易燃、易爆场所使用安全可靠 6、可以浸没在介质中工作 7、使用方便、工作可靠、开停只需简单地打开和关闭气体阀门，即使由于意外情况而长时间无介质运行或突然停机，泵也不会因此而损坏，一旦超负荷，泵会自动地停机，具有自我保护性能，当负荷恢复正常后，又能自动启动运行； 8、结构简单、易损件少，该泵结构简单，安装、维修方便，泵输送的介质不会接触到配气阀，联杆等运动部件，不像其他类型的泵因转子、活塞、齿轮、叶片等部件的磨损而使性能逐步下降； 9、可输送较粘的液体（粘度在1万博以下）； 10、本泵无须用油润滑，即使空转，对泵也无任何影响，这是该泵一大特点

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。