泪小管

Methods: We looked for the paranasal terminal of lacrimal canal at the wounded surface of paranasal eye lid, around the lacrimal caruncle 2～3mm superior/inferior posterior during the operation.

在泪小管断裂吻合术中，沿泪阜上或下后方约2～3mm处，在眼睑鼻侧创面寻找泪小管鼻侧断端。

Methods 58 cases(58 eyes) of canalicular laceration received surgery.The lacerated canaliculus was anastomosed with 10-0 suture and intubation of epidural anesthetic tube was put for 1-3 months.

方法收治外伤性泪小管断裂共58例(58眼)，在手术显微镜下寻找到泪小管断端后置管，然后断端用10-0缝线对接缝合3~4针，1~3月后拔管，随访观察泪道通畅情况。

SEM result showed that the sample had uniform phase distribution and smooth surface at dried state as well as interpenetrate network structure at hydrogel state. It was seen from the swell ing behavior curves that groups T1, T2 and T3 swelled rapidly within 10-30 minutes, and formed elastic composite hydrogel pipes. In addition, the expanding ratio of inner and outer diameter of the tube was 20%-30% and 100%-120% with swell ing, respectively. The equil ibrium water content of the hydrogel pipes increased with increase of collagen composition. Three groups of samples were immerged in PBS solution contained 2 mg/mL lysozyme at 37 for 1 month, their nozzle cracked, their wall became thin and more transparent. And also, there was small floc deposited on the tube surface.

扫描电镜观察到液氮脆断的人工泪小管内部成分分布均匀，内外壁表面平整，冷冻干燥的人工泪小管断口呈凝胶态的互穿网络结构。3 组不同成分的人工泪小管在PBS 溶液中浸泡30 min 后均快速吸水溶胀，外径扩大100%～ 120%，内径扩大20%～ 30%，并且随胶原含量增高，溶胀速度增快，平衡溶胀率增大。3 组人工泪小管在37℃含2 mg/mL 溶菌酶的PBS 液中浸泡1 个月后，表面有部分细小絮状物，管口开裂，管壁变薄，透明度增加。

To operate as soon as possible , raise surgical technique , time of tube stayed up surpass 3 month were risk factors for anastomosis of broken lachrymal canaliculus should be paid attention to improve the clinical effectiveness .

及早手术，提高手术技巧，尽量不用泪囊切开法寻找泪小管鼻侧断端，带管3月以上，可以提高泪小管吻合术的成功率，减少并发症。

2 Treatment method is less than a month treat a little patient to use method of massage drop medicine first, treat 1~2 week, 2~3min is massaged before daily drop medicine, be more than the little patient of a month, if drop medicine treats 1~2 week to did not see,improve to still have apparently weep the person that reach secretion, applied medicaments pressurization rinses lachrymal path, use pinhead of vein of skin of tube head of nylon of self-restrained and different type to grind blunt, make rinse a needle continuously, groovy operation, after syringe needle inserts lachrymal canaliculus, nylon the canal is secured with adhesive plaster at the head, undertake rinsing, 1 / D, with oxygen fluorine to lotion Sha Xing adds loose diluent of rice of ground a place of strategic importance, pressurization rinses 3~4 second, invalid still, undertake probing of groovy tear path is operated.

我科自2000年1月至2006年12月，共治疗新生儿泪囊炎178例、230眼，疗效满足，报告分析如下。1资料和方法1.1一般资料新生儿泪囊炎患儿168例、230眼，男102例，女66例，年龄：2d~3个月，均为本院眼科门诊确诊的新生儿泪囊炎患儿。1.2治疗方法小于1个月的首次就治患儿采用按摩滴药法，治疗1~2周，每日滴药前按摩2~3min，大于1个月的患儿，如滴药治疗1~2周未见明显好转仍有流泪及分泌物者，应用药物加压冲洗泪道，采用自制不同型号尼龙管头皮静脉针头磨钝，制成直的冲洗针，常规操作，针头插入泪小管后，将尼龙管用胶布固定于头部，进行冲洗，1次/d，冲洗液用氧氟沙星加地塞米松稀释液，加压冲洗3~4次，仍然无效的，进行常规泪道探通术操作。1.3治疗标准无流泪、无分泌物、泪道冲洗畅通，反之则无效，结果168例，230眼，治愈166例，228眼，其中按摩治疗49例，冲洗86眼，探通31眼。。。

Tears from a small-calibre from the small tear, lacrimal, nose duct to the nasal cavity.

泪水由这个小开口径由泪小管、泪囊、鼻泪管到鼻腔。

WZC series lacrimal major therapeutic apparatus for the treatment of various types of lacrimal duct obstruction, tear Explorer obstruction, nasolacrimal duct obstruction and chronic dacryocystitis by the Ophthalmic Center Sun Yat-sen University Professor Dr. Wang Zhichong research, with Professor Wang invented the 'high-frequency lacrimal dredging operation ', the treatment of traumatic small, easy-to-use, low cost.

WZC系列泪道治疗仪主要用于治疗各种类型的泪小管阻塞、泪总管阻塞、鼻泪管阻塞和慢性泪囊炎，由中山大学眼科中心教授王智崇博士研制，配合王教授发明的'高频泪道浚通术'，治疗创伤小、易操作、费用低。

Nasal stump of most of the fresh canalicular lacerations can be found directly, a few could be found by curved needle, stump in individual patients with anatomical abnormalities or old canalicular laceration need to be found with lacrimal sac incision.

大多数新鲜泪小管断裂可以直接找到鼻侧断端，少数可以用弯针法找到，个别解剖异常患者或陈旧性泪小管断裂患者需用泪囊切开法。

Results The 38 patients were followed up for more than 6 months,37 patients were sucessfully inosculated,1 patient were unsucessfully,the success rate were 97.37%.

硬膜外导管作为泪小管内支撑物，直接缝合泪小管断端周围组织，是一种简便易行的泪小管吻合方法。

Methods 693 eyes in 603 cases with obstructive diseases of lacrmal passage,including obstruction of lacrimal puncta (23 eyes), lacrimal duct (192 eyes), nasolacrimal duct (227 eyes), chronic dacryocystitis (231 eyes), and traumatic laceration of lacrimal canaliculus (20 eyes), were treated by lacrimal plastic operation with Nd∶YAG laster and the therapeutic effects were compared among the groups.

方法采用掺钕钇铝石榴石激光泪道成形术治疗603例(693只眼)阻塞性泪道疾病患者，按泪道阻塞的部位分为泪小点阻塞(23只眼)、泪小管阻塞(192只眼)、鼻泪管阻塞(227只眼)、慢性泪囊炎(231只眼)及外伤性泪小管离断(20只眼)5组，术后定期冲洗泪道，平均随访1.5年，将各组疗效进行对比分析。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。