注水

The injected water volume plays an important role in low permeability oil field waterflood development.

在低渗透油田注水开发过程中，普遍存在注水井注入压力长期居高不下、注入量低、单井注入压力差异大等问题，采用纳米聚硅材料可以缓解这一问题。

An onshore waterflood, on the other hand, generally involves the drilling of several injection wells and the conversion of several existing wells onto injection wells.

另一方面，陆上注水方案通常要牵涉到钻几口注水井和转换几口已经存在的井为注水井。

In accordance with the case of large mining depth in Xingdong coal mine, study on coal floor strata failure depth test of working face 2121 was carried out by water injection test. According to variation of unit injection quantity and distance between testing boreholes and working face advance, coal floor strata failure depth was determined by continual water injection and intermitted monitoring.

摘要： 针对邢东矿大采深的情况，利用现场底板注水试验对2121工作面底板采动破坏深度进行了测试研究，依据单位注水量的动态变化以及注水孔与采线之间的距离关系，确定了底板破坏深度。

Therefore,tapping potencial of remaining oil to improving oil recovery,the recognition of reservoir intraformational heterogeneity in channel sandbodies is proposed and the main targets of reservoir IOR in channel sandbodies of mature oilfields are pointed out as follows:①shutting off strongly-waterflooded intervals to control ineffective circulation of injected water;②strengthening water washing in medium-waterflooded intervals in order to achieve the aimed waterflood efficiency and even to exceed it;③enhancing injection-production consistency and injector-producer ratio of non-waterflooded or weakly-waterflooded intervals for the propose of realizing effective displacement and imporving conforma nce.

根据我国东部主力油田储层绝大多数都属于河道砂体，注水开发进入高含水阶段后，层内剩余油超过层间剩余油，层内矛盾上升为主要矛盾这一特点，从挖掘层内剩余油潜力出发，提出要重新认识河流砂体储层层内非均质性，并指出高含水期河流砂体储层改善采油目标主要有：①封堵强水洗段，控制注入水无效循环；②加大中水洗段注水冲洗强度，达到目标水驱效率，并有可能超过目标效率；③提高未、弱水洗段的注采对应程度和注采井数比，达到有效驱替，提高波及程度。

The quantity of CaCO3 scaling in the water injection well was predicted by using the software in Shengli Oilfield. The results show that the prediction accords with the real situation. Accurate prediction of the well bore scaling ca n provide basis for Laking scale control and scale removal measurement in oilfield.

结果表明，注水井井筒中碳酸钙垢的预测结果与实际测试结果相符，且能预测注水井中碳酸钙垢随着时间、井深、温度、压力及水质等参数的变化情况，可为油田采取防垢、除垢措施提供依据。

In order to clear heterogeneous reservoirs waterflooding performance, and decreased interlayer and within-layer contradictions, and improved the water flooding recovery, experimental study should be conducted first, This paper based on Pucheng Sasan reservoir sandstone cores to study object. Multi-point pressure measurement of water flooding oil experimental apparatus was established. Through the three-layer water flooding experiment to study injection strategy, interlayer interference and recovery factors. True sandstone micro-model water flooding used newly developed color visual image analysis system researched water-drive types, forms of residual oil and waterflood efficiency. Percolation mathematical model was established, black oil simulation program was developed, long-core displacement experimental results were matched, pressure and saturation change were researched by the simulation matching results.

为了明确非均质储层注水开发动态过程，减轻由于层间和层内非均质造成的开发矛盾，提高水驱采收率，本文从实验研究出发，以濮城沙三储层岩心为研究对象，建立了一套带多测压点的多层长岩心水驱油实验装置，通过开展三层水驱油实验，研究注水方式、层间干扰以及采收率影响因素；真实砂岩微观模型水驱油实验采用最新研制的彩色可视化图像分析系统研究水驱类型、残余油形成类型以及水驱油效率；建立并求解渗流数学模型，编制黑油模拟程序，对长岩心驱替实验进行拟合，通过拟合结果研究驱替过程中油水饱和度和压力的变化情况等研究工作。

The testing result may verificate the sealing property of the paker.

液压投捞式多功能注水管柱主要由油管、封隔器、特制配水器和底球组成，堵塞器可通过液流正反冲来实现投捞作业，堵塞器内装入电子流量计，可同时对各注水层进行测试，根据测试结果可验证封隔器的密封性。

In order to discuss the effect of overburdens under injecting grouts in separate layers on the morphology of the water flowing fractured zone, continuous exploration for failure characteristics of the overburden of working face 14308 of Dongtan Coal Mine under injecting grouts in separate layers and fully mechanized sub-level caving condition was processed by the method of underground uphole water injection technology by intervals with bore-head leaking multi-loops affusion system.

为了探讨覆岩离层注浆条件对导水裂隙带形态的影响，采用前端泄露式多回路注水系统，应用井下仰孔分段注水法对东滩煤矿14308工作面覆岩离层带实施注浆充填条件下综采放顶煤导水裂隙带的破坏特征进行了连续探测。

In allusion to the corrosion of different injected water sources to the steel part of line and pump and so on in the processof oilfield waterflood development, the corrosion of dissolved oxygen, pH value, sulfureted hydrogen and salinity in the injected waterto steel was experimented and researched by the test of measuring average corrosion percentage in the laboratory.

针对油田注水开发中不同注水水源对管线、泵等钢材质部位的腐蚀，在实验室通过平均腐蚀率测定试验，对不同水源中的溶解氧浓度、pH值、硫化氢含量和盐的矿化度等因素对钢材的腐蚀进行试验研究。

Moreover, the interpretation has been given with Horner Curve for V oil group pressure drawdown data. The relationship and exactness of injection-to-production ratio have also been studied.

对V上油组注水井压降资料采用修正霍纳曲线法进行解释，分析了注水井组的注采关系并评价注采比的合理性。

And discuss some key point of integrated management system design, include hazard identification and risk assessment and risk control in the occupational health and safety management, the measure of satisfaction target of customer, the flawlessness of law system, the integration of the integrated management system and enterprise standardization system, unify lead institution and work orgnization, integreted internal audit and integrated management review.

同时，论述了一体化管理体系构建中的几个主要问题，包括职业健康安全管理中的危险源辨识、风险评价和风险控制、顾客满意度的科学监测、法律、法规体系的完善、一体化管理体系与企业标准化体系的有机结合、统一的领导机构和工作机构、一体化的内部审核和管理评审。

Deepwater Taranaki is investigated for its petroleum potential, using all available seismic data tied to shallow-water wells.

运用与浅水井相关的现有全部震波探测数据考察了深海区塔拉纳基盆地的油藏前景。