注水

The established model can be used to predict the injectivity of water-injection well during PWRI, furthermore, it is important for designing of PWRI, of injected water treatment and of well stimulation procedures.

同时，也有助于注水井增产方案的制定及注水水质处理方案的制定。

In order to solve the problems from obtaining reservoir's formation pressure and injectivity index of each zone by conventional methods,combined with percolation theory and the characteristics for continuous measuring the data of flow,pressure in setting the water injection profile logging unit in one run,a new method is proposed for de.

针对常规方法获取分层吸水指数存在的问题，结合渗流理论和注水剖面测井一次下井能连续测量流量和压力的特点，提出了测井时多次改变井口注水量，通过注水剖面资料的处理确定各储层的相对吸水量、确定各储层的地层压力和吸水指数的方法，由此还能掌握各储层地层压力和吸水能力的差异。

In this review paper the methods and techniques for removing various precipitations plugged in raservoirs and for enhancing injectivity of water injection wells in Daqing Oil Fields are described briefly for their basic principles, characteristic features and proper uses.

大庆油田为确保稳油控水而进行的注水结构调整中使用了多种注水井解堵增注方法。

However, the improvement of the injection pressure will not prevent Jamin effect. Hence, the prevention of this effect sould be emphasized in the waterflood development.

通过注采系统提高注水压力无法消除贾敏效应，因此在注水开发中要以预防贾敏效应为主。

At the same time, the MEMS geophone can be used to monitor the microseismic event of coal mining, water reservoir and hydraulic fracturing through the research of failure location and the ratio of rock fracture can be predicted by counting numbers of acoustic emission.After spent six months to monitor injecting microseism in Ying 11 block of DongXin field using this system and collect abundant microseismic wave files. The result showed that the orientation of injecting fracture was mainly NE90°to NE125°. The maximum horizontal principal stress directions were mainly distributed in NE90°-NE130°range. Analysis of numerical simulation result of reservoir stress in Ying 11 block showed that the maximum horizontal principal stress directions are approximate east-west in central and western region and approximate NE130°at eastern border.

利用该系统对东辛油田营11进行了六个月现场注水微震监测，对监测数据的处理表明营11注水区域裂缝发育方向基本上为NE90°-NE125°；同时营11地区油藏地应力数值模拟结果分析表明其水平最大主应力的方向主要分布在NE90°-NE130°的范围内，研究范围中西北区块的水平最大主应力方向近似为东西向，研究区块的东部边界的水平最大主应力方向近似为NE130°左右，模拟结果与裂缝监测方位相符较好，两者结合给出了这个地区合理开发部署建议。

Pipe network system of oil field water injection is a very important part of water injection system.

油田注水管网系统是注水系统的重要组成部分，是一个复杂而庞大的水力学系统，同时也是一个大型的流体网络系统。

Mathematic model is studied to describe unstable water injection development for Middle East Paleocene reservoir with characteristics of pressure sensitivity and high difference of formation-saturation pressures.

为了定量研究具有压敏特点的中东地区古新世高地饱压差油藏不稳定注水开发的数学模型，通过静水力学方法和单轴实验的方法，对中东地区古新世岩心渗透率随围压变化的规律进行实验研究；结合黑油模型的假设条件，推导了此类油藏不稳定注水渗流的全新数学模型。

Water injection has a great influence on producible oil index, the cost and efficiency of production.

注水电耗已占原油生产总用电的33%~56%，注水对油田采收率、生产成本和生产效率有重大影响。

According the features of mid-slight strong sensitivity to velocity,mid-extremely strong sensitivity to water and property of non-compatibility of water-injected, back injected sullage and reservoirs of Nadu Formation and Baigang Formation in Baise Oil Field ,static expansion- protect experiment of multiple clay stabilizers and core fluid .

针对百色油田的那读组、百岗组存在着中等偏强的速敏性、中等-极强的水敏性、注入水及回注污水与储层不配伍的特点，对多种粘土稳定剂进行粘土防膨静态试验和岩芯流动试验，筛选出适合百色油田注水用最佳粘土稳定剂配方为0.5%JS-7+0.1%BF-901+1%NH_4Cl，用该配方处理后的6块岩芯，注水40～50PV后渗透率保持率为80.23%～132.14%，而且岩芯经粘土稳定剂处理后稳定性好且耐水冲刷。

In our country, waterflood early has been used in most oil field to keeping formation pressure.

在我国，大部分油田均采用早期注水以保持地层压力，水力压裂对注水开发效果的影响成为一个引人注目的问题。

And discuss some key point of integrated management system design, include hazard identification and risk assessment and risk control in the occupational health and safety management, the measure of satisfaction target of customer, the flawlessness of law system, the integration of the integrated management system and enterprise standardization system, unify lead institution and work orgnization, integreted internal audit and integrated management review.

同时，论述了一体化管理体系构建中的几个主要问题，包括职业健康安全管理中的危险源辨识、风险评价和风险控制、顾客满意度的科学监测、法律、法规体系的完善、一体化管理体系与企业标准化体系的有机结合、统一的领导机构和工作机构、一体化的内部审核和管理评审。

Deepwater Taranaki is investigated for its petroleum potential, using all available seismic data tied to shallow-water wells.

运用与浅水井相关的现有全部震波探测数据考察了深海区塔拉纳基盆地的油藏前景。