法院

Appeals to the Supreme Court To bring a case before the Supreme Court, a party requests the Court to issue a writ of certiorari.

上诉到联邦最高法院：在案件被送至最高法院以前，当事一方要求法院出具一份由上级法院发出的诉讼文件移送命令书。

Circuit Court, 11 other Circuit Courts, and more than 90 District Courts.

总共有1个联邦巡回法院，1个哥伦比亚特区法院，11个其他巡回法院及90多个地方法院。

Like the Quaestiones, the Courts of Queen''s Bench, Common Pleas, and Exchequer were all theoretical emanations from a higher authority, and each entertained a special class of cases supposed to be committed to it by the fountain of its jurisdiction; but then the Roman Quaestiones were many more than three in number, and it was infinitely less easy to discriminate the acts which fell under the cognisance of each Quaestio, than to distinguish between the provinces of the three Courts in Westminster Hall.

正和"审问处"一样，后座法院（Court of Queen''s Bench）、民事高等法院和理财法院在理论上都是从一个较高的权威分出来的机关，并且每一个机关都分别主管一类特种案件，这类案件被假定是由其管辖权的泉源委托给它的；不过当时罗马"审问处"在数量上远不止三个，如要把分属于每一个"审问处"审判权的各种行为加以区别，远不及把韦斯敏斯德三种法院的范围加以划分那样便当。

In criminal cases, legal aid is available for representation in proceedings in the Court of First Instance and the District Court, in committal proceedings in the Magistrates' Courts, in appeals from the Magistrates' Courts, and in appeals to the Court of Appeal and the Court of Final Appeal .

法律援助署为刑事诉讼提供的法律援助，有原讼法庭及区域法院审理的案件、裁判法院进行的初级侦讯、就裁判法院的裁决提出上诉的案件，以及向上诉法庭及终审法院上诉的案件。

It is so called because formerly the king used to sit there in person, the style of the court being still coram ipso rege, before the king himself.

所谓王座法院，其实并非一级法院，而是指坐落在伦敦斯特兰德的法院大楼，系英国最高法院的办公和审判场所。

The Court of Appeals reversed and [437 U.S. 153, 154] ordered the District Court permanently to enjoin completion of the project "until Congress, by appropriate legislation, exempts Tellico from compliance with the Act or the snail darter has been deleted from the list of endangered species or its critical habitat materially redefined."

因此，地方法院判道："在一个联邦工程项目即将完工而又无法改变的情形下，衡平法院不应当适用一部在工程开工之后很久才颁布的法律去导致一个不合理的结果……"上诉法院推翻了地方法院的判决，并要求地方法院永久禁止该工程项目完工，"直到国会通过适当的立法免除泰利库工程项目遵从此法的义务，或者蜗牛镖被从濒危物种名录剔除，甚或其关键性栖息地被实质性重新认定。"

High Court of Justiciary;(2) the sheriff court;(3) the district court.

英格兰有三种刑事法院：(1)高级法院；(2)郡法院；(3)区法院。

This essay analyzes performance evaluation in coups in China by samples to conclude digitized management,isomorphism and dual—track system as its nature.

从几个法院绩效考评制度的样本出发，总结出中国法院系统绩效考评制度"数目字管理"、各级法院考评"同构性"和同一法院考评"双轨制"等特点。

And promote the development of international law, to study the relationship between China and ICJ is really necessary and have its great significance. This paper firstly reviewed China's participation in the international judicial institutions and its attitude toward the jurisdiction of ICJ; Then, thepaper attempts to explain the reasons for this, considering factors of our traditional civilization and the role that China plays in the international community, Next, according to the situation of China and ICJ, my paper goes on to analyze the necessity and possibility of accepting the jurisdiction of

本文首先回顾了历史上中国参与国际司法机构以及接受国际法院管辖权的现实状况；紧接着从中国的传统文化和国际地位两个角度对这种现实状况产生的原因进行了深入的分析论述；然后，鉴于我国对国际法院并不令人满意的利用状况，本文又从当代国际社会的变化、国际法院自身的完善和中国未来发展的需要几个方面阐释了我国接受国际法院管辖的必要性和可能性，并提出了相应的对策措施。

The court and then proposed my own suggestions; At last, through introducing the activities, the individual opinions of the Chinese judges and the influence that the court's case law has to our country, this paper further interpret the interaction of china and the ICJ , aiming at to tackle this two'srelationship rightly, to gain our country more benefits and finally to protect the peace of the world.

最后，通过介绍在国际法院任职的历任中国法官及其活动对法院的贡献，以及国际法院相关判例对中国的启示，说明了中国与国际法院的相互作用，以便在今后的国际实践中正确处理二者关系，更好地实现国家利益，维护世界和平。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。