法线

Firstly, according to this character, primacy central point is detected by the exploring extremum method in the windows of 3×3 pixels. Then, basing on this central point, approximate normal line at ±45°、0°and 90°angle are drew.if the minimums of normal line is at central point and the difference between the minimums and the maximum in the normal line is more than the threshold, this point is considered to the edge point of image.

首先，在3×3象素的窗口中，如果中心值为最小值，则以该点为基础，以±45°、0°和90°方向作为近似法线带，然后判断该法线上的象素最小值是否在切点上（即是否在法线的中心点上），再通过检验切点与轮廓法线上亮度极大值的差值是否超过阈值，来判断切点是否为边缘轮廓上的点。

The red channel in a normal map encodes the left-right axis of normal blue channel encodes vertical depth.

法线贴图中的红色通道编码了法线的左右轴，蓝色通道编码了垂直深度。

Base on central line coordinate given out and calculation formula provided by this paper that calculate azimuth of normal line of any point on central line, calculation of side line coordinate is connected with central line coordinate only, and has no concern with other calculation.

提出了利用道路中线的法线求解路线任意点坐标的计算模式，在计算出中线坐标的基础上，给出了计算中线任一点法线方位角的计算公式，使边桩坐标的计算只与中线坐标有关，而与其他计算无关。

On the western side of the central normal of the disturbance source in the heliospheric equatorial plane, the double shock pair structure is more evident, and the longitudinal span is wider than those on the eastern side.

双重激波对在子午面内相对扰动源中心法线基本对称，而在赤道面内则不对称：扰动源中心法线西侧双重激波对结构更为明显，所跨经度范围宽于东侧。

On the western side of the central normal of the disturbance source in the heliospheric equatorial plane, the double shock pa ir structure is more evident, and the longitudinal span is wider than those on t he eastern side.

双重激波对在子午面内相对扰动源中心法线基本对称，而在赤道面内则不对称：扰动源中心法线西侧双重激波对结构更为明显，所跨经度范围宽于东侧。

The normal directions of light stripes in an image are determined by using Hessian matrix.

利用Hessian矩阵确定图像中光条法线方向，在光条法线方向上求解光条中心亚像素位置，用8方向搜索法剔除干扰光条。

According to the relationship between hyperbola and its normal, the analytic equation is discussed.

根据双曲线与其法线的几何特征关系建立了求解法线的解析方程，分析了法线问题解析求解的繁杂性。

Making use of the inverse surface equation of wave normals and the boundary condition about the continuity of electromagnetic field tangential component at the surface of crystal, expressions about wave normal and ray direction, wave normal and ray refractive indexes were obtained.

论文建立了以光线入射方向和晶体光轴方向为基准的入射坐标系，利用波法线反曲面方程和电磁场在晶体折射界面处切向分量连续性的边界条件，得到了晶体中波法线方向、射线方向、波法线折射率和射线折射率的表达式。

In this paper, a new method for aspheric conicoid machining is offered by using normal equidistance line offsetting methods.1、Obtain ecumenic equation of normal equidistance offsetting line methods for aspheric conicoid machining induced from mathematical equations of paraboloid, hyperboloid and ellipsoid surface; reason the conditions for avoiding of tool intervening.2、Bring forward the general design project for machining tool together with some primary components based on the conception of non-sphere conicoid machining by using normal equidistance line offsetting.

其主要内容有： 1、进行了二次旋转曲面法线等距离线加工方法的理论研究，分别建立了抛物面、椭球面和双曲面的法线等距离线模型，得出了避免加工过程中刀具干涉的必要条件。 2、根据法线等距离线加工法的理论，确定了二次旋转曲面加工机床的总体设计方案，并进行了零部件的选择。

Based on the discussion about fitting normal error's definition, constitution and properties, it was suggested that fitting normal error represented the error of fitting plane linear in old highway. The accuracy index of fitting plane linear in old highway based on fitting normal error was set up. The algorithm of swinging approach on compressible size step that could be used to calculate the fitting normal error was put forward. The method and basic norm of decision about fitting normal error's symbolic were discussed.

在论述拟合法线偏差定义、构成及性质的基础上，提出以拟合法线偏差表征旧路平面线形拟合偏差；建立了基于法线偏差的旧路平面线形拟合精度指标；提出了采用步长压缩摆动趋近法计算拟合法线偏差的算法，并就拟合法线偏差的符号判定准则及方法进行了讨论。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。