法系

This dissertation started with etymon and origin of challenge, analyzed the meaning and the basis of principle of law at the establishment of challenge system in litigation, and through the comparative law introduced the systems in representative nations of the common law system and the continental law system.

本文从回避的词源和起源入手，分析了回避制度在诉讼中确立的意义和法理基础，并且从比较法的角度介绍了英美法系和大陆法系代表国家的诉讼回避制度。

Under this system, a company can hypothecate all its properties, which can even include the properties in future, and has the right to dispose its property before the crystallization. Now, it is adopted by many Common-law System countries and Civil-law System countries.

它以一种非常灵活和不占有抵押物的担保方式，以抵押人现有及将来可取得的资产设定担保，但在抵押期间抵押人可以利用其资产继续进行生产经营活动，更可以无须得到债权人的同意在日常经营的情况下自由处置抵押物资产，现已为世界上很多普通法系及大陆法系国家及地区所采用。

The principle of Non bis in Idem in Civil Law and the principle of forbidding double Jeopardy in Common Law have different studying premise and conclusion.

目前大多数学者将大陆法系的一事不再理原则与英美法系的禁止双重危险原则予以等同的研究，这有待于进一步推敲。

In continental legal system, it named "the principle of non bis in Idem"; and in common law system, it...

但两者区别在于：大陆法系的一事不再理原则强调判决既判力的稳定；而英美法系的禁止双重危险原则强调被告人权利的保护。

Non bis in idem,as an action principle,is world widely accepted by the countries of continental law system and the countries affected by continental law system.

"一事不再理"原则是一项获得大陆法系及受大陆法系影响的国家广泛认同的诉讼原则。

Based on the analysis of the foreign legal system, the author finds that the legal system basis of the good faith acquisition of immovables can be found directly in Civil Law countries, while in Common Law countries, the good faith acquisition of immovables exists in the form of particular prescription in the law.

通过不动产善意取得的国外法制考察，发现在大陆法系国家能直接探寻出不动产善意取得的法制基础，在英美法系国家，不动产善意取得制度却是以法律特别规定的方式出现。

The author thinks that clean-hand doctrine and legal policy do not provide reasonable foundation for the inapplicability of resulting trust. The civil law cites civil remedy for trust deepens the conflicts between two legal traditions, ignores the differences of the two remedy methods in effects, and neglects the particularity of trust. The inherent systems of resulting trust shall be introduced for the remedy.

笔者认为，"净手原则"和法律政策并没有为不适用回复信托提供合理的依据，大陆法系的信托法援用民法的救济方式，加深了两大法系之间的冲突，忽视了不当得利救济和回复信托救济在效力上的差异，忽视了信托的特殊性，应引入信托法本身固有的回复信托制度。

The origin of the family privilege in the countries of Angio-American law system is the old common law rule---"spousal incompetency",while the origin of the family privilege in the countries of continental law system is the rule of "families being forbidden to testify"on the base of "the system of kindred".

英美法系国家的亲属拒证特权起源于"配偶无作证资格"这一传统普通法规则，而大陆法系国家亲属拒证特权则起源于以"家族保护制"为基础的"家庭成员不得互相作证"之规则。

In this section, the history, basic characteristics, strength and shortcomings of the inquisitional proceedings in Rome Law and the adversary proceedings in the Common Law as focused and the reason that China should refer them were discussed.

为了把此问题论述得深入透彻，文中分别考察了大陆法系的审问制和英美法系的对抗制的历史源流、基本特点，并评析了我国移植借鉴的原因及其利弊得失。

Through rethinking the trial system of inquisitional proceedings in Rome Law and the adversary proceedings in the Common Law, the premise to ascertain the China''s further trial reform was made.

此部分通过反思我国移植大陆法系审问制的得与失和借鉴英美法系对抗制的利与弊，为确定今后进一步改革的方向做了铺垫。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。