法律的运用

Chapter 1 is a preface to introduce the motives of this paper research methods scope restriction and frame Chapter 2 will fist introduce the concept of database and then discuss the necessity of database protection in the creating methods and with or without originality This chapter will put emphasis on the importance of originality to database Chapter 3 will observe the British America and Germany's viewpoint of originality to discuss their legislative mode of database legal protection Chapter will introduce EU Directive/96/9/EC of database protection and four judges of EU Court after the Directive takes effect in 2004 to find how the ECJ use the Directive Then according to the DG Internal Market and Service Working Pater and BEUC's evaluation of the Directive this paper will find whether there is positive reaction and influence in database market after EU member countries take the same legislations with the Directive Section 5 will introduce the legislation of British and Germany following the Directive and analyze the development and questions of the two countries' current legislation Chapter 5 will start with Americas case Feist v Jane Doe to understand the case's influence to American legal protection of databases and introduce the Parliament's proposal after the EU Directive Chapter 6 will introduce Japan legislation regarding legal protection of database works and discuss the goodness and badness through Japan academy and judicial viewpoint Chapter 7 will introduce Taiwan's legislation to find whether current law provides enough and adequate protection to databases and discuss whether there is a necessity of amendment At last this paper will try to provide some suggestions about our legislation Chapter 8 is the conclusion of this paper

第二章首先介绍资料库之概念，并以建置方式与是否具原创性区分方式探讨资料库法律保护之必要性，而因著眼原创性对於资料库法律保护之重要性，便於第三章以比较法独立观察英、美、德国对原创性之观点，以接续探讨三国对资料库所采取之立法途径。第四章部份介绍欧盟资料库保护指令之相关规定，并就指令公布后，欧盟法院於2004年接续作出四个关於资料库保护之判决加以介绍，以期寻求欧盟法院如何运用指令规范中之构成要件，而后并参考欧盟委员会工作小组及消费者组织报告对欧体资料库指令之评估文献，探究欧盟各国采取与指令相同立法后，在资料库市场上是否有正面的回应及影响，并於第五节针对英、德两国跟进欧盟资料库保护指令立法之介绍，并归纳、检讨英、德两国之现行法制之发展与所面临之问题。第五章延续第三章、第四章论述后，进入美国1991年Feist案后，美国法院对国内资料库保护之后续见解，探究1991年Feist案对美国资料库保护之影响程度，同时并述美国於欧体公布资料库指令后国会提出之资料库立法草案。第六章则针对日本新增资料库著作之立法模式加以介绍，并藉由日本学界、实务之见解探讨该立法模式之优缺点，再於第七章进入我国法制之介绍，以观察我国目前之法制是否提供资料库充分的保护，探讨资料库立法之必要性，最后尝试提出我国立法模式之建议。第八章则为总结之论述。

The third part analyses the existing problems in Chinese insurance industry and put forward their solution.

第三部分分析了我国保险资金运用法律制度存在的问题并提出了完善的法律对策。

At the same time, using the economical, juristical andadministrative method, the government can strengthen the supervision andmanagement and set up and consummate the juristical system to exert the function ofmacroscopical adjustment and control.

同时，在宏观层面上，运用经济手段、法律手段及行政手段，强化政府保险监管机构的主体监管职能，建立、健全保险法律体系，充分发挥政府宏观调控的重要功能。

The thesis gives a macro explanation and grasp which is based on theoretical foundation, social surroundings and developing trend, explains the possibility and necessity of its appearance and discusses the developed process of its object which covers not only real property but also all asset. The author analyzes beneficial weight, systematic ideal and legal values, then clarifies that the legal system needs profound juristic basis. By using the method of comparative analysis, the author expounds the requirement of applicable conditions in other countries and analyzes its deficiencies in the Contract Law of Peoples Republic China. From the angle of legal effect after its application, the author analyzes the differences in rights and duties between legal nexus among them (the owner, the leasee, the leaser) and pure bargain relation, lease relation. The author thinks applicable range of the legal system may be enlarged and be analogized to financial lease and over the property of another. In the end, it puts forward the perfection suggestions of the legislation of the system of no break of lease with bargain.

本文首先从该制度产生的理论依据、社会背景以及发展趋势上，对其进行一个宏观了解和把握，说明其产生的可能性和必要性以及适用对象由不动产向一切财产转变的发展过程；其次通过利益衡量、制度理念、法律价值三个方面的分析，阐明该制度的存在有其深厚的法理学基础；又运用比较分析的方法，阐述各国在其适用条件上的要求，分析我国合同法有关此方面存在的缺陷；再就该制度适用后所产生的法律效果，分别分析三方(所有人、出租人、承租人)之中每两方之间的法律关系与单纯的买卖关系、租赁关系在权利义务上有何不同；然后将其适用范围扩大，类推适用于融资租赁和他物权；最后提出完善我国买卖不破租赁制度的立法上的建议。

In the process of developing circular economy, should combine the power of government, market and social, adjust various benefit relations about economic development, utilize various law measures of the compulsory administration, the administration guide, the economic stimulation and the public participance, build up the standard mechanism of legal regulation.

在循环经济发展过程中，应结合政府、市场、社会等各方面的力量，综合运用强制性、指导性、经济刺激和公众参与等各种不同的法律手段，对经济利益与环境利益的关系进行系统调整，逐步形成规范而有序的法律调整机制，并使之有效运行。

Whether the law is regarded as an experience or a logic, it indicates the essence of law, determines the method of study, and explains the veracity to know law. presumption of fault is not only an experience from legal practice, but the result of deduction, therefore, it has foundation in reality.

对于过错推定来说，它既是一种来自法律实践的经验，同时也是一种法律逻辑推理的结果，因此，无论从经验论来看还是从逻辑论来说，过错推定都有着在现实中运用的根据。

Under this background,we should apply the theory of trade cost and effectiveness of institutional economics,perfect the legal system of government procurement of our country ulteriorly.

本文运用制度经济学中的交易成本及效益理论来分析政府采购法律制度，并提出了进一步完善我国政府采购法律制度的措施。

In determining the scope of this rule, aid would be afforded by the analogy, in the law of libel and slander, of cases which deal with the qualified privilege of comment and criticism on matters of public and general interest.There are of course difficulties in applying such a rule; but they are inherent in the subject-matter, and are certainly no greater than those which exist in many other branches of the law,-- for instance, in that large class of cases in which the reasonableness or unreasonableness of an act is made the test of liability.

在确定的范围，这条规则时，援助将所提供的比喻，在法律上的诽谤和诬蔑，对案件的处理，符合条件的特权，评论和批评对公益事项和一般interest.there是当然困难运用这样的规则，但他们固有的主题事项的，是肯定不会比那些存在于许多其他学科的法律-例如，在这一大类案件中，是否合理或不合理的行为是考验的法律责任。

In the import process, but also to use WTO rules and domestic law in international trade disputes safeguarding the interests of these sectors, master dumping and anti-dumping, subsidies and countervailing trade disputes initiative, a favourable factor for the negative factors, and regain the initiative, while the use of the WTO rules.

在进口过程中，还要懂得运用 WTO规则和本国法律在国际贸易争端中维护本国这些行业的利益，掌握倾销与反倾销，补贴与反补贴贸易纠纷的主动权，化不利因素为有利因素，化被动为主动，运用WTO规则趋利避害。辛苦了！

In general,national task.the State power of appointment and the scope of the problem involves public interest.

国家任务、国家权力的范围及运用都涉及公益的问题，一般来说，法律保留与法律优先理论也会随着时代的发展而调整，公共行政民营化实施没有法理障碍。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。