法律理论

As a result, the legists cannot come to an agreement on the attitude, means to deal with the International Tax Avoidance.

但是相对于后者而言，国际避税的法律性质在理论上一直存在着较大的争议，并因此而造成了国际反避税的态度、方法和手段难以达成共识。

On the basis of analyzing the application of long-arm jurisdiction to internet cases by the U.S. courts, the authors suggest: firstly, though internet cases have their own characteristics and challenge the traditional rules of jurisdiction, the challenge itself should not be overestimated, and the traditional rules are still applicable to internet cases; Secondly, as regard to the model of jurisdiction of internet cases, the European model which emphasizes on the physical location is hard to make vo...

在分析研究了美国法院将传统长臂管辖权理论运用于网络案件的有关实践后，作者指出：尽管网络案件有其特殊之处，对传统的管辖权提出了一定的挑战，但不应夸大其对传统管辖权的冲击，传统的管辖权规则仍可适用于网络案件；就网络案件管辖权模式而言，强调物理联系因素的欧洲模式难堪重任，而强调被告是否与法院地间形成了某种程度的联系，根据企业所使用的语言、货币、法律选择、拒绝交易声明以及实施特定交易等，考察被告的活动是否针对法院地，是否与法院地形成了某种&有意利用&关系的美国模式更符合管辖权模式的未来发展趋势。

Nowadays, many countries all have their regulations about the institution of joint torts in law.

当今，许多国家的法律对共同侵权行为制度均有规定，但对此进行理论研究的人不是很多，即使有研究的，观点也不尽相同。

What marked them out for persecution was not so much their theory of the inward light or their rejection of rites and sacraments, as their refusal to pay tithes, or take the oaths prescribed by law, or to have anything to do with the army; these offences being aggravated in the estimation of the magistrates by their obstinacy in refusing to uncover their head in court and "thouing and theeing" the judges.

什麼标志著他们的迫害，没有那麼多的理论的外来光线或拒绝仪式和圣礼，因为它们拒绝支付什一税，或采取宣誓由法律规定，或有任何与军队；这些罪行严重的估计法官其顽固地拒绝揭露其头部在法庭上和& thouing和theeing &的法官。

Although the history of legal system of the People' s Republic of China shows that the serring up of the jural principlenulla poena sine legeis not a smooth process,it will be formally established in China eventually.

一、&法无明文不为过&法制原则的理论基础极其本质&法无明文不为过&即公民享有法律明确禁止以外的、广泛的作为或不为的权利。

By describing and summarizing the development of the divided ofpublic-private law from emergence to prosperity to variation,thechapter 2 firstly suggests that the theory of the divided ofpublic-private law in different time is coincident with then and therepolitics,economy and culture and has different function,that thecollective of legal rules belonging under public law or private law indifferent time is not entirely consistent,and that,even though therehave been many challenges to it,the divided of public-private lawshould not be completely denied in those traditional countries whichput it into practice.In fact,the phenomenon that public law andprivate law are penetrating each other just reflets these suggestions.

第二章首先通过总结公私法划分从萌芽到全盛再到现代社会的变异过程；说明不同时期的公私法划分理论分别与不同时期的政治、经济和文化相适应，发挥了不同的功能，不同时期的公法和私法对应的法律规则的集合也不尽相同，而且，在有实行公私法划分传统的国家，公私法划分尽管出现危机但不会被全面否定，&公法私法化&和&私法公法化&的现象正反映了上述结论。

From the prologues of the Law Code of Ur-Nammu , Code of Lipit-Ishtar and famous Code of Hammurabi , we have found that the core thought of the 3,000-year's Mesopotamian civilization, its lawmaking theories and practice was that the most important function of the state was to keep, with laws, the justice of society and harmony of various classes of society.

通过分析《乌尔那穆法典》、《里皮特伊什塔尔法典》和闻名世界的《汉穆腊比法典》三部法典的前言，我们发现三千年两河流域文明的立法理论和实践的核心思想是认为国家的最重要的职能是以法律维护社会公平和阶级和谐。

However, there are some legislation defects in this regulation, which easily result in legal risks. For instance, pledgers may make unilateral registration, self-service registration can weaken supervision function, the registration effectiveness does not encounter the third party payer and rights and duties may invert. On this basis, the author proposes several suggestions to amend and improve those stipulations.

然而，该制度存在质权人单方办理登记、自助登记弱化管理职能、登记效力不及第三方付款人、权利义务倒置等理论和制度设计上的立法缺陷，使应收账款质押登记中极易产生法律风险，据此，笔者提出了相应修改和完善的建议。

The protection of international property right of Wushu is also included in Chinese law,and also some international pacts and the researches and practices about this.

在有关的国际公约和我国的法律中，已经将武术知识产权隐含其中，在相关知识产权理论研究与实践中也有所涉及。

Jackson asked a congressman from South Carolina to give a message to the nullifiers in his state."Tell them," Jackson said,"that they can talk and write resolutions and print threats to their hearts' content. But if one drop of blood is shed there in opposition to the laws of the United States, I will hang the first man I can get my hands on to the first tree I can find."

杰克逊要求一位来自南卡罗莱纳州的国会议员给他所在的州的那些&废止理论者&一个口信，&告诉他们，&杰克逊说到，&他们可以谈论和撰写决议，但如果因为反对美国的法律而流下一滴血，那么我将在我所找到的第一颗树上吊死我所能抓住的第一个人。&

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。