法律制度

With the deep development of reform, the gradual setting up and perfecting of socialistic market economy and the improvement of civil legate consciousness, it is necessary for our legal aid to be set up and completed.

随着我国改革开放的不断深入和社会主义市场经济体制的逐步建立、完善以及广大公民法律意识的不断提高，建立和完善我国的法律援助制度势在必行。

The most penetrating German criticism has recently been directed to these leges Barbarorum, the great object of investigation being to detach those portions of each system which formed the customs of the tribe in its original home from the adventitious ingredients which were borrowed from the laws of the Romans.

近来最有鉴别力的德国批评家都注意到这些蛮族法律上来，调查的主要目的，是要在这些制度中把原来本族习惯所组成的部分从借用罗马法律的外来要素中分离出来。

The civil retrial means a kind of procedure which the court makes judgments in the light of when the court, the procuratorate and prosecutor start or apply for retrial as they find substantial or procedural error in the effective judgments .

民事再审制度是指人民法院、人民检察院或当事人认为人民法院已经发生法律效力的裁判在程序或实体上有严重缺陷，按照法定条件提起或申请再审，由人民法院依法进行审理的诉讼制度。

Comparing with the manumission of the Roman slaves, Chapter five discusses about the manumission of slaves in Chin and Han dynasties.

虽然两者的放免方式大抵相同，但从放免制度的性质而言，罗马的奴隶释免制度是奴隶制度高度发展的反映，而秦汉奴婢的放免却体现了奴婢法律地位的提高。

The cooperative legal avoidance places national formal law on a nihilistic position and has severe harmfulness.

这种合作式的法律规避，使得作为国家正式制度的法律处于一种虚置的地位，具有严重的危害性。

As the negation of the hemi-rational and arbitrary judicial system, legal reasoning is the way to justice and the rule of law. In contrast, the logical method of legal reasoning is the noetic beyond the social system.

作为半理性和专断审判制度之否定形式的法律推理，是通向法治和正义的必由之路，而法律推理的逻辑方法作为一种认识工具则具有超社会形态的纯粹理性形式。

In addition to the responses to the nominalist critique that will be considered at that point, one might add, 'the concept of law' has an advantage over 'the concept of the good', in that there is an identifiable set of practices and institutions to ground our discussions.29 The concept of law cannot easily be accused of being an entirely mysterious entity, made up by metaphysicians in their spare time.30

除了对于唯名论者批判的回应以外，人们可能补充道，"法律的概念"比"善的概念"具有更多的有点，因为它存在可以作为我们讨论基础的可辨识的实践和制度。［29］法律的概念不能被轻易地指责是一个由形而上学主义者在余暇时间所构建的难以理解的实体。

Considering that the nonappearance and perjury to be a violation of law, it shall also establish an system of imperative appearance and punishing perjury to compel the witness to appear and testify according to the facts.

首先，要建立起强制证人出庭作证伟幢和伪证惩戒制度，证人无正当理由不出庭及作伪证，是不履行法律规定的义务，是违法的表现，理应承担一定的法律后果，国家应当动用强制力，采取一定的强制措施，强制证人履行出庭作证、如实作证的义务

Novation of obligation is one cause of termination of obligation in the traditional civil law codes, which has the function of, transferring obligation.

内容提要：债的更新是传统民法中债权消灭的原因之一，具有实现债权、债务转移，简化法律关系，保护债之当事人合法权益之功能，是债权让与、债务承担、债的变更制度无法替代的制度。

Protection of law to the business secret not only is the protection to the obligee's...

本文将对商业秘密沿革、定义、构成要件的特性、法律性质、权利归属问题进行阐述和分析，针对侵犯商业秘密行为和现行法律保护制度提出自己的立法建议。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。