法律制度

For the trade association in China, the superincumbent institutional force is absolutely indispensable.

对于后进国家而言，为了构建合理的行业协会法律制度，自上而下的制度推动必不可少。

The current legal system is influenced inevitably by former suzerain in African state because of the reason of history.

由于历史原因，非洲国家的法律制度不可避免地受到了前宗主国法律的影响。

In the dissertation,the author compares transversely on how the different coun-tries adapt their legal systems in the above topics.

对一个问题的解决，笔者从不同的法律角度进行了探讨，分析了各种相关法律制度在解决网络环境下的同一问题的适应能力和不足。

To strengthen regulation and control of the land market at the same time, will be awarded in accordance with the law on ultra vires, the illegal use of land, illegal land covers an area of such illegal acts to severely punish those involved to ensure that the land market in Shanghai and orderly development, and strive to establish a legal system, standard and transparent land market.

为加强监管和控制的土地市场在同一时间，将颁发依照法律规定的越权行为，非法使用土地的，非法的土地面积为这种非法行为，严厉惩处那些参与，以确保上海土地市场的有序发展，努力建立一个法律制度，规范，透明的土地市场。

Part II also studies the risk situation of domestic banks and the causes leading to the formation of those risks and the author's conclusion is that Chinese banks in particular the four largest state-owned banks are characterized by the following risks:(1)the high percentage of problem loans;(2)poor profit-earning capability;(3)few channels of generating income;(4)heavy burden of tax and other expenditures;(5)the lower percentage of self-owned capitals;(6)poor liquidity;(7)the unsoundness and imperfectness of the internal management structure risk management mechanism and company management structure; to make matters worse, Chinese banks are cornered by our social and economical environments such as the unfledged market mechanism, the poor credit degree of our community, the deficiency of legal system in protecting the legitimate rights and interests of creditors and local protectionism in subordinating banks' credits to those of local parties concerned,etc.

本文还对国内银行风险状况及其成因进行分析，认为目前我国银行业处于高风险状态，主要表现为：在银行经营管理方面，国有商业银行不良资产占比过高(占全部贷款的26.62%)，商业银行盈利性差，收入的多样性差，税赋重，自有资本金比例低，流动性不足，内部控制及公司治理机制等管理制度不健全、不完善等；在社会、法制环境方面，市场机制不健全，社会信用程度低，法律制度不完善，地方保护倾向明显，等等。

Usucaption regime is an ancient law system.

取得时效制度是一项古老的法律制度。

In China, after 20 years of onerous use of land, usufruct has been admitted in fact as having a separate real right status in law.

我国经过20多年的土地有偿使用法律制度的实践，已经在事实上将土地使用权置于一个独立物权法律地位。

Since legal system of registration is important and complicated, especially its effect is still a vexed question in theoretic circle, it is sure for legislators to lay emphasis on registration.

登记法律制度是一个既重要又复杂的法律体系，尤其是登记的效力更是理论界争论不休的问题，物权立法当然应将其作为立法的重点内容之一。

The adult wardship is a legal system that is used to help the person who needs special wardship due to mentality, body and intellect.

成年人监护是对由于精神、身体和智力状况等原因在法律上需要特别保护的成年人给予帮助的法律制度。

The surviveand development of CA law system can not leave the certain material life condition andcertain production pattern, so, different CA ecology reflects different economy foundation: Traditional accusatorial action based on the ethics order is co-related with the originaleconomy ecology; Traditional inquisitorial action based on the administrative order isco-related with developed cultural economy ecology. The difference of western economyecology and eastern economy ecology leads to the different genes though them faced thesame traditional inquisitorial action. The modern CA based on the law order lies on thedeveloped commercial economy, the mature market economy and modern citizen societybring about the modern CA ecology whose task is resolve the action contradiction withration.

刑事诉讼法律制度的生存和发展同样不能离开特定社会的物质生活条件，生产力水平与生产方式等条件，因此，不同的刑事诉讼生态反映的是完全不同的经济基础：以伦理秩序为特征的弹劾式诉讼与原始经济生态密不可分；而以行政秩序为特征的纠问式诉讼与较为发达的农业经济生态互为依存，当然也正是由于西方封建经济生态与东方社会封建经济生态的巨大差异导致同样的纠问式诉讼孕育着不同的系统突变基因；以法律秩序为特征的现代刑事诉讼则立基于高度发达的商品经济生态基础之上，比较成熟的市场经济环境和现代市民社会的形成不断地催生着以理性解决严重刑事冲突的现代刑事诉讼生态。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。