法律制度

So, in this paper, I study the system of admiralty possessory lien as a whole with the general theories of civil law and the specialties of maritime law.

本文根据我国民法关于留置权的一般理论，结合海事法律制度自身的特点，将我国的海事留置权制度作为一个有机的整体进行了全面的论述，并对目前海事留置权制度中的一些热点问题和有争议的问题进行了较为细致的探讨和研究。

It is held that in the institutional environment of the current systems,it is easy for the person concerned,managerial departments within the university,external departments in charge and relevant managerial departments to form a relation chain for interest coupling,causing the event of the academic fraudulent practice,which the individual should assume the responsibility,to change ...

认为必须有利益无关的外部机构介入处理过程，制订惩治学术造假的法规，改革现行的行政性评估制度，建立透明和规范的处理工作流程，从组织制度、法律制度、工作机制和运作流程等层面化解或松散各主体之间的利益耦合，这才有可能真正遏止学术造假现象。

In the contract system, the author discusses the concept, the characteristics, the subject, the object and the content of the contract system of liability insurance of environmental tort, and researches some important problems, such as the compensate scope, the liability limit and theinsurance cost, and so on. In the compensate system, the author study the insurance liability , The compensate liability and its bearing, the counterclaim and settlement of claims and the disposal of dissention of liability insurance of environmental tort. In the reinsurance system, the author mainly focuses on the concept and function, the reinsurance organization and the reinsurance contract of reinsurance system of environmental tort liability.

合同制度中，笔者论述了环境侵权责任保险合同的概念、特征，环境侵权责任保险合同的主体、客体和内容，并对环境侵权责任保险合同中的赔偿范围、责任限额、费率等重要问题进行了探讨；赔付制度中，研究了环境侵权责任保险的保险责任，环境侵权责任保险的赔付责任及其承担，环境侵权责任保险的索赔及理赔，环境侵权责任保险纠纷的处理；再保险法律制度中研究了环境侵权责任保险再保险的概念和功能，环境侵权责任保险再保险组织，环境侵权责任保险再保险合同。

Guardianship system is an important legal system on civil affairs and an important one in marriage and family laws.

监护制度是一项重要的民事法律制度，是婚姻家庭法的一项重要制度。

The first juvenile court in the world was established in state Illinois of the US in 1899, which is regarded as the beginning of the Juvenile Justice System .

自从以1899年美国伊利诺斯州少年法院法的颁布为标志的少年司法制度诞生以来，时至今日，少年司法制度在世界大多数国家都已经建立并成为各国处理少年犯罪的基本法律制度。

This paper analyzes two issues of legal system of bills of lading from the view of the new institutional economics.

本文运用新制度经济学的理论对提单法律制度的两个问题做了分析：一是提单制度对降低交易成本的作用

By expounding the legal doctrine of asset securitization and the complicated legal relationships among them, with the help of the comparative research on the related legal systems in our country and other countries with mature asset securitization in the world, this dissertation discusses the jurisprudential foundations and realistic significance with which our country makes housing mortgage loan as point of tangency of asset securitization, analyzes a lot of legal barriers that our country shall face when carry out securitization of housing mortgage loan under current social environment for the legal system, and thereupon the author brings up the legislative suggestions of asset securitization which conform to national conditions of our country.

本文通过阐释资产证券化的法律原理和其中所蕴涵的复杂法律关系，借助于我国与国际上资产证券化成熟国家相关法律制度的比较研究，探讨了我国以住房抵押贷款作为资产证券化的切入点的学理依据和现实意义，以及在目前的法制环境下，我国实行住房抵押贷款证券化所面临的诸多法律障碍，从而提出符合我国国情的资产证券化立法建议。

Chapter One provides an overview of the precondiction of responsibility of international organization, and the main contents include the definitions of international organization and its relationship vis-à-vis state and the legal basis of the responsibility of international organization. Chapter Two discusses the constituting elements of the responsibility of international organization. i.e. the international wrongful act of international organization, and the attribution of the conduct attributable to international organization. Chapter Three deals with the undertaking of responsibility. It explores two aspect: the responsibility undertaken by the international organization per se and the responsibily undertaken by the member states of the international organizations. This charpter aslo provides an overview of the content of responsibility and the circumstaces precluding wrongfulness. Chapter Four deals with the Future of the responsibility of international organization. This Chapter discusses the present situation and the future of the international law of international organization responsibility, but aslo gives some discussion on the issue of the responsibility of the non-governmental organizaions.

第一章"国际组织责任的前提问题"主要内容包括国际组织的界定及其与国家在承担责任上差异以及责任的法律依据；，责任的法律依据；第二章"国际组织责任的构成要件"论述了国际组织责任的两个构成要件，即国际不法行为和行为可归责于国际组织；第三章"国际组织责任的承担"主要论述了三个方面的内容，一是在国际组织的不法行为引起责任的情况下，其成员国是否以及如何对第三方承担国际责任及责任形式，二是承担责任的内容，三是责任的免除情形；第四章"对国际组织责任法律制度的展望"主要对国际组织责任法的未来进行了简要的阐述，并且对非政府组织的法律责任问题进行了简单的展望。

In Chapter Three, the author points out that China should re-orientate the foreign trade agency institution as one of commercial agency institution under the current circumstances as "Foreign Trade Laws" has been emended.

第二章按照我国外贸代理制法律调整的演进的顺序，对不同时期下外贸代理法律制度的变迁和法律改进的表现，外贸代理法律体系的运作和矛盾冲突进行分析评述。

The legal system constructed and developed in this process of change should uphold legal sovereignty,fight against new legal colonialism and prevent Chinese legal development from marginalisation tendency.

在这一变革进程中所建构和发展起来的法律制度，应当捍卫法律主权，反对新的法律殖民主义，防止中国法律发展的&边缘化&趋势。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。