法律体系

The paper, based on insistence with the conceptions of legal truth, discretional evaluation of evidence and due process, makes the proposition of restructuring the...

本文通过比较两大法系行政诉讼证明标准的特点及赖以存在的正当性基础，在坚持法律真实、自由心证和正当程序理念的基础上，提出在区分一般情况和特殊情况的前提下，重构我国行政诉讼证明标准体系的建议。

Distemperedness of food quality supervise system is the main reason of our country's food quality safety problem. Problem of our country's food quality safety may be solved radically through establishing and perfecting corresponding laws, quickening the existent...

只有切实建立和完善相应的法律法规，加快现有食品卫生标准的修订步伐，建立健全食品安全检测体系，完善食品污染物监测网，制定食品主动召回制度，才有可能从根本上解决我国的食品质量安全问题。

The exiting legal framework is consistent with the water service contract, such as lease management, BOT/TOT, and etc. rather than selling out the ownership of water service assets to private sectors, such as the models of divesture, public-private joint venture and etc.

现行的法律法规体系相对适应租赁管理、BOT/TOT等模式的发展需求；而对于涉及到水业产权出售的模式，如合资或完全私有化等，尚不能完全支撑。

In modern society,the well designed right protective system,dually divided responsibility subjects and the essential difference between administrative responsibility and civil responsibility cause the concurrence of the two responsibilities,which is unique thing in law.

在现代法治社会中，权利保护体系的周密设计、责任主体二元身份的应&域&转换以及行政责任与民事责任&质&的差异共同造成了行政法律责任追究领域行政责任与民事责任竞合这一独特、鲜见的现象。

The research methods adopted in the article include:a historical and comparative method is used while tracing the history of mortgage;combing theory with practice to raise problems, expounding the research object and target in consideration of practice, furthermore, making use of method of comparison and reasoning to analyze legal character of expective right and striving for smooth and compactness of legal reasoning and tight system;and adopting the method of combing theory with practice and the way of comparison to solve the problem , focusing on feasibility of the method,with an expectation to make the commercial housing mortgage clear and comprehensive to the public, and hope that this will be of some help to our legis

本文采用的研究方法：对于按揭的历史渊源问题，采用了历史的、比较的方法；对于问题的提出，采用了理论与实践相结合的方法，从实践活动的需要出发，对本文的研究对象和目的作出阐述；对于期待权的法律性质分析，采用了比较和推理分析的研究方法，力求法理通畅和严谨，注重体系的严密；对于解决问题的途径设计，采用了理论联系实际的方法，注重可行性，以期对我国的楼花按揭制度有比较全面和清晰的认识，同时也希望对我国的物权立法有所帮助。

Specifically,they embrace its value,theoretical basis,and types of system,legal property,component parts,comparisonwith related systems,and the relevance of extinctive prescription.

具体包括物权请求权的制度价值、理论根据、类型体系、法律性质、构成要件、与相关制度的比较、是否适用消灭时效等问题。

With the result that they appear seriously inadaptable in China, a lot of academicians carried out the research to it and brought forward many advices, but these can not break through the field of economy science .

虽然国内不少学者对股票期权制度进行了研究，也提出了不少建议，但多局限于经济学领域，而关于此制度的法律研究却不多，且未形成完善的体系。

The main reasons caused theses problems are as follows: beyond marine carrying capacity and environment capability by predatory and extensive manners, over-exploitation of bioresources resulted in the disturbance of marine ecosystem and the obstruction of matter and energy circulation. Marine environment pollution and unreasonable oceanographic engineering caused serious damage of marine entironments, weakness of marine eco-functions, and degradation of marine ecosystems. The population explosion as well as the trend of population towards coast inflicted tremendous pressure on marine resources and environment. The weakness of marine laws system and the infirmness of macroscopical control by government policies relulted in unreasonable utilization, inefficient management, and insufficient protection of marine bioresources.

其主要原因是：对海洋生物资源的掠夺性、粗放性开发，造成资源过度利用，超出海洋承载力及其环境容量，物质能量循环出现障碍，海洋生态系统失衡；海洋环境污染和不合理的海洋开发工程，造成生境破坏，生态功能减弱，生态系统退化；人口增长和趋海发展，给沿海资源环境造成巨大压力；涉海法律法规体系薄弱，国家宏观政策调控不力，未能合理利用和有效管理、保护海洋生物资源和海洋环境。

In this study, an index evaluation system of itaconic acid was established according to the current situation of IA and the correlative laws in China. For the first time, a complete research on the IA production from this point of view was carried out, finding out the problems in the process of IA production, and then the project was advanced. All the research were begun with the data from laboratory and escalated to the industry scale. During the past three years, some of the work were applied successfully to industry.

根据现有衣康酸生产的现状和我国清洁生产相关的法律法规，建立了衣康酸清洁生产的指标评价体系，并以此为依据对现有衣康酸生产的工艺首次从清洁生产的角度进行了系统的研究，找出现有工艺中存在的问题，分析问题产生的原因，并提出衣康酸清洁生产工艺改进的方案，本研究沿着先从实验室研究规模入手得到相关的基础数据，再以此为依据逐步扩大实验规模直至在大规模生产中取得应用，通过三年的研究与实践，其中的多项研究成果已经在生产中得到应用，并取得了良好的效果。

On the other hand, on account of the accumulation of past experience and the popularity of "Valuing virtues; undervaluing penalty", law makers and executors were then capable of laying down effective regulations in connection With specific groups, specific procedures and specific situations. This marked the maturity of the Remission Policy and thereby arose such judicative customs as remission coming of suicide and substitution etc. All these embody the class nature of legislation and Judicature as well as a certain degree of reasonableness and progressiveness.

另一方面，由于秦汉时期对既往经验的总结以及汉时&尚德厌刑&的社会风尚的影响，当时法律的制定和执行者们已经能够针对特定人群、特定情节与特定情况作出相应的减免规定与决定，从而使得秦汉律法中的减免体系得到完备，并导致自杀免罪，替代免刑等若干免罪司法司惯的出现，这其中既体现了秦汉立法与司法行为所具有的阶级本质特点，又反映出其所包含的一定程度的科学性与进步性。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。