法律

Globalization of law is a global process with "internationalization of law" as only part of it, and it is an open process from the "monist view of state law" to the "pluralist view towards state law as well as non-state law".

法律全球化"是一种在全球层面上展开的包含"法律国际化"的进程，是一种从"国家法律一元论"走向"国家与非国家法律多元论的开放性进程。

The first one is capital barrier, which means a large amount of initial capital for the perfect monopolizer. This prevents the common enterprise from entrance. The second is the technical barrier, i.e. the monopolizer is in control of certain technology and knack while other enterprises not, and then the market naturally become a monopoly market. Scale economy is the most studied technical barrier. The third one is law barrier, i.e. some exclusive patent rights are protected by the law. For example, patent and copyright are the monopolizations protected by the law. The fourth one is tactic barrier, even without any of the above mentioned barriers; it can also set up barriers through other ways, such as huge amount of advertisement investment.

首先是资本壁垒，即完全垄断企业的起始资本量很大，因此一般的企业难以进入；其次是技术性壁垒，即垄断者掌握了某种生产技术和诀窍，其他企业则没有，这个市场也就自然成了垄断市场，规模经济是一种被研究得最多的技术性壁垒；第三是法律壁垒，有些独家经营的特权是由法律所规定并受到法律保护的，专利和版权就是法律特许的垄断；第四是策略性壁垒，企业即使没有上述三种壁垒，也可以通过其他方式高筑壁垒，例如巨额广告投入。

Law culture surface layer structure, as the expression of the laws culture deep structure, under the condition of the China s accession to the WTO, especially international globalization, alters fast and changes into the trends of the modern accession and becomes an important non-slighting nacreous section of the culture in the world laws culture system.

内容摘要：法律文化的表层结构，实质上作为法律文化深层结构的法律意识形态的外在化表现形态，在中国入世的条件下，尤其是在世界经济全球化的浪潮中，迅速转型和改变，演绎成为现代化进程的趋势，成为多元并存的世界法律文化体系中不可忽视的、具有光彩的一只重要文化。

From our law the author induces the characteristics of how it protects the online privacy: indirect protection; legal protection for private information and life of adult as well as the nonage, and so on.

从法律对隐私权保护的现状中归纳出我国法律对隐私权保护的特点：取间接保护方式；法律保护的隐私限于私人信息与私人生活不受侵扰；隐私保护的主体包括未成年人；所涉及的法律较多。

I hereby 声明, on oath, that I absolutely and entirely renounce and abjure all allegiance and fidelity to any foreign prince, potentate, state, or sovereignty of whom or which I have heretofore been a subject or citizen; that I will support and defend the Constitution and laws of the United States of America against all enemies, foreign and domestic; that I will bear true faith and allegiance to the same; that I will bear arms on behalf of the United States when required by the law; that I will perform noncombatant service in the Armed Forces of the United States when required by the law; that I will perform work of national importance under civilian direction when required by the law; and that I take this obligation freely without any mental reservation or purpose of evasion; so help me God.

我宣誓：我完全彻底断绝并彻底放弃对我迄今为止所隶属或作为其公民的任何外国王子、当权者、国家或君主的效忠和忠诚；我将支持和捍卫美利坚合众国宪法和法律，反对国内外一切敌人；我将信念坚定，忠诚不渝；我将根据法律要求为美国拿起武器；我将根据法律要求在美国武装部队中执行非作战服务；我将根据法律要求，在文职政府领导下从事对国家具有重要性的工作。我自愿承担这一义务，毫无保留，决不逃避。帮助我吧，上帝！英国的誓言比较简单，只强调对王室的忠诚。英文原文如下

The thesis selects the American constitutional protection on private property law history from the establishment of the United States to the New Deal as study theme, and applies the theory of increasing returns path dependence and evolutionary path dependence from Oona A. Hathaway to normatively analyze this law history. Furthermore, it draws some useful conclusions on characteristics of increasing returns path dependence and evolutionary path dependence on the changing history of American constitutional protection on private property law in a Common Law System, and it also takes a few steps on applying path dependence theory on studying law history in a continental law system in our country.

论文选择美国独立战争后至新政这段时期私有财产权宪法保护法律变迁历史作为研究对象，应用哈撒维的递增报酬路径依赖和进化路径依赖理论对这段法律变迁历史进行了实证分析，总结出了美国私有财产权宪法保护法律在普通法环境下的递增报酬和进化路径依赖特性，并对路径依赖理论应用于我国成文法环境下的法律变迁研究进行了初步探索。

In point of existing formation,legal order is the system of legal relationscomposed of different type of legal relations.

就法律秩序的存在形态而言，法律秩序是由不同类型的法律关系构成的法律关系体系。

By expounding the legal doctrine of asset securitization and the complicated legal relationships among them, with the help of the comparative research on the related legal systems in our country and other countries with mature asset securitization in the world, this dissertation discusses the jurisprudential foundations and realistic significance with which our country makes housing mortgage loan as point of tangency of asset securitization, analyzes a lot of legal barriers that our country shall face when carry out securitization of housing mortgage loan under current social environment for the legal system, and thereupon the author brings up the legislative suggestions of asset securitization which conform to national conditions of our country.

本文通过阐释资产证券化的法律原理和其中所蕴涵的复杂法律关系，借助于我国与国际上资产证券化成熟国家相关法律制度的比较研究，探讨了我国以住房抵押贷款作为资产证券化的切入点的学理依据和现实意义，以及在目前的法制环境下，我国实行住房抵押贷款证券化所面临的诸多法律障碍，从而提出符合我国国情的资产证券化立法建议。

To construct an economical law system in the minority regions,we should take the construction of economy as the center and complete a basic legal system so that to make a legal environment that is in favor of the political,economical and cultural development.

民族地区构建和谐经济法律制度，应当以经济建设为中心，完善基本的法律制度，以营造有利于政治、经济、文化等发展的法治环境。我国民族地区经济法律制度，以执行好现行有效的法律为手段，通过努力营造好的执法环境，追求好的执法效果来促进和谐社会建设。

II. c. 2.(that second magna carta, and stable bulwark of our liberties) it is enacted, that no subject of this realm, who is an inhabitant of England, Wales, or Berwick, shall be sent prisoner into Scotland, Ireland, Jersey, Guernsey, or places beyond the seas;(where they cannot have the benefit and protection of the common law) but that all such imprisonments shall be illegal; that the person, who shall dare to commit another contrary to this law, shall be disabled from bearing any office, shall incur the penalty of a praemunire , and be incapable of receiving the king's pardon: and the party suffering shall also have his private action against the person committing, and all his aiders, advisers and abettors, and shall recover treble costs; besides his damages, which no jury shall assess at less than five hundred pounds.

并且，通过人身保护法案，查理二世第31年法案第二章（可以称之为第二部大宪章，我们的自由的稳定的防波堤）规定：本王国内的臣民，即英格兰，威尔士或贝瑞克（Berwick，以前属于苏格兰的郡；联合王国存在三种虽相近然而彼此独立有所区别的法律系统：英格兰，苏格兰和北爱尔兰法律系统，因而这部著作名"the laws of England"译成"英格兰法律"才恰当）的居民，不得将被监禁者遣送至苏格兰，爱尔兰，泽西，格恩西，或海外任何地方；（被监禁者在这些地方不能得到共同法的保护和利益）这样的监禁均为非法；任何人，若胆敢违背这部法律行事，应当取消担当任何公职的资格，应当得到警告，并且不能获得国王的宽恕：遭受监禁的人，可以起诉监禁者和他的协助者，他的建议者和教唆者，并获得损失的三倍补偿；此外，审判团对他的损失的评估，不得低于五百英镑。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。