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BACKGROUND: Presently, the method of establishing human embryonic stem cells mainly contains blastula method, nuclear transplantation method and embryo blastomere method.

背景：目前人胚胎干细胞建系的技术路线主要有囊胚法、核移植法和胚胎单卵裂球法，但由于破坏胚胎，涉及诸多伦理问题。

By three-dimensional nonlinear finite element method, the breaking mode and stability of 3B dam block of Baise RCC gravity dam is studied, and the breaking mode and stability safety factor of the 3B dam block on a datum plane with steep slope are figured out corresponding to overload method and synthetic method respectively.

采用三维非线性有限元法，对百色RCC重力坝 3B坝段进行破坏模式及稳定性的研究，确定出含陡坡建基面 3B坝段在超载法和综合法下的破坏模式及稳定安全系数。

For example, Complete tree method and negative boot active tree method, front exist symbol distinguish issue, the latter follow exist redundant term. Chen W.

其后，黄汝激提出了正负根有向树法，并给出了完整的证明，使其兼有完全有向树法和负根有向树法的优点：不含对消项，不存在符号问题。

This paper proposes a new combinational evaluation method--Football method,which is based on the Borda and Copeland method.

本文根据Borda法和Copeland法，提出一种新的组合评价方法——Football法。

Many typical problems are studied and compared with boundary collocation method, traditional finite element method and analytical methods. The results indicate that the method is accurate and simple for stress intensity factor computation and is easy to be used in practical engineering.

文中作了大量的裂纹应力强度因子计算，与边界配置法、传统有限元法以及解析法进行了系统的比较，结果表明该方法用于应力强度因子计算不但精度较高，而且简便易行，便于工程实际应用。

The topics are divided into three parts: the first part introduced the basic concepts of algorithms, mathematical algorithms and algorithms based on complexity analysis scheduling problem for the second part of the problem and plans to discuss a variety of existing algorithms, and describes the design of commonly used algorithms including sub-rule law, greedy method, dynamic programming, backtracking and branch and bound method, and describes the complexity of the calculation, as well as NP-complete problem the third part of the model on parallel computing and parallel algorithm design techniques.

全书分为3个部分：第一部分介绍算法的基本概念、算法的数学基础以及算法复杂度分析；第二部分针对排序问题和图的问题，讨论各种已有的算法，并介绍常用的算法设计方法包括分治法、贪心法、动态规划法、回溯法和分支限界法，并介绍了计算的复杂性以及NP完全问题；第三部分讲述并行计算模型和并行算法设计技术。

Second, according to model characteristic, such as non-linear, non-convex, multiple-peaked and so on, the paper discusses limitation of traditional solving algorithm, such as branch and bound method, GBD method and OA method, puts forward penalty function-makeup integer algorithm and genetic algorithm, analyses procedures of genetic algorithm, such as selection, crossover and mutation, brings forward modifications for specific realized problems of genetic algorithm, such as selection of initial points, operator design, adoptive value adjustment, constraint treatment and so on, and works out correlated solving program.

其次针对该模型非线性、非凸、多峰等特点，讨论了分支定界法、GBD法和OA法等传统求解算法的局限性，提出了罚函数一凑整算法和遗传算法的求解思路，对遗传算法的选择、交叉、变异等过程进行分析，对遗传算法初始点选择、算子设计、适应值调整和约束处理等具体实现问题提出了改进措施，并编制了相关的求解程序。

One is tradition algorithm,which consists branch and bound method,improving loop method,cupidity algorithm,MST algorithm,MM algorithm,insertion method.Another is modern optimization algorithm which consists simulated annealing algorithm,artificial immune algorithm,genetic algorithm,ant colony algorithm,particle swarm optimization,Tabu Search,Hopfield neural network.The third is algorithm of DNA computing which is designed by authors.

第一种为传统算法，包括分支定界法、改良回路法、贪婪算法、MST算法、MM算法、插入法等；第二种为现代优化算法，包括模拟退火算法、人工免疫算法、遗传算法、蚁群算法、粒子群优化算法、禁忌搜索算法、Hopfield神经网络算法等；第三种为论文提出的DNA计算算法。

For fabrication technique, there has been earlier liquid-state fermentation fabrication method compared with solid-state fermentation, while pure-grain fermentation brewage with uncooked materials can be said to be the third-generation latest fabrication technique after traditional solid-state method transformed into liquid-state method.

在酿造工艺上，早就有了相对於固态发酵的液态发酵酿造法，而纯粮生料发酵酿造，可以说是传统的固态法进入液态法后的第三代最新酿造技术。

The professional content management system, including the papers submitted papers to amend, review papers and user management In the development process, the attention to bring it into conformity with the operation of business processes and systems to the comprehensive, universal, making the system not only applies to an educational institution In the development of methods of choice and chose a life cycle with the prototype of the method of combining law, follow the system research, systems analysis, system design and implementation of four major stages of system design, and in the specific design, to take the evolution of Prototype, with the use and users of the system have deepened the understanding of a certain part or parts of re-analysis, design, implementation In the development of the choice of language, using mainly carried out ASP programming language development, the use of SQL databases, so as to ensure data integrity and consistency This results mainly from system analysis, system design, systems implementation and use of several areas are introduced

本系统管理内容专业，包括论文提交、论文修改、论文审核以及用户管理等等。在开发过程中，注意使其符合操作的业务流程，并力求系统的全面性、通用性，使得本系统不只适用于一家教育机构。在开发方法的选择上，选择了生命周期法与原型法相结合的方法，遵循系统调查研究、系统分析、系统设计和系统实施四个主要阶段进行设计，而在具体的设计上，采取了演化式原型法，随着用户的使用及对系统了解的不断加深，对某一部分或几部分进行重新分析、设计、实施。在开发语言的选择上，主要利用ASP 编程语言进行开发，使用SQL数据库，从而保证了数据的完整性与一致性。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。