泄漏出

Though several leak detecting methods are available, they are not ideal inapplication scope, including responses speed and accuracy of leak localization. In thisdissertation, according to the conditions of pipeline transportation in our country,research is carried out on crude oil transported pipelines leak detection and locationtheory and the study on its supervisory system is given.

本文结合我国管道输送的实际情况，针对原油管道泄漏检测技术及其运行监测系统进行了深入的研究，主要进行了以下几个方面的工作：将小波变换技术引入到负压波特征拐点的捕捉，利用连续小波变换时间-尺度特性检测信号的奇异点，能够有效的检测出强噪声背景下的信号边沿，此外，还提出了负压波法泄漏检测中误报警消除的多种方法。

Comparing the unsteady flow fields obtained by CFD with the measurement results with SPIV, it can be found that the CFD results can capture the main characteristics of the flow fields observed in the experiment results, however, the precision of the CFD needs to be further improved, and to predict the detail flow structures, such as the tip leakage vortex in the compressor rotor, by CFD still has some difficulties, thus, some work should be done to improve the turbulence model for more accuracy prediction of the flow fields by CFD for the complex flow in turbomachinery.

定常计算结果和非定常计算结果都不能很好地反映出转子叶尖泄漏流，转子尾迹和泄漏流在静子通道中的演化，及其与静子的相互作用等复杂流动情况。开展叶轮机适用的湍流模型研究，对于提高叶轮机内部复杂流动数值模拟的准确性具有非常重要的价值。

Two kinds of silicon samples with distinct surface treatment, i. e., one surface was chemically etched and the other was unetched, were used to investigate the characteristics of leakage current and surface flashover of semiconductor under impulse voltage in vacuum. The experimental results showed that the surface conditions of samples affected these characteristics greatly. Before flashover, the Ohmic current was observed for unetched samples and the space charge limited current for etched samples, respectively. Meanwhile both samples showed quite different flashover tracks, and the surface-etched samples displayed a much higher onset voltage of flashover.

对采用和未采用表面化学腐蚀处理的半导体硅在冲击电压下的实验表明（参见 Zhang et al ， Applied Physics Letters， 2002），试品的表面状况对其泄漏电流和沿面闪络特性有着很大的影响：在沿面闪络之前，未经处理试品的泄漏电流表现为 Ohm 性电流，而表面处理过的试品表现为空间电荷限制电流特性；同时两类试品表面的闪络通道也表现出不同的特征，而采用表面化学腐蚀处理可以明显提高其沿面闪络电压。

A basic relational model for tip leakage mixing loss of unshrouded blades for compressible flow was derived from theoretical analysis of Denton. Relationship. It reflected the influential factors such as blade surface static pressure, chordwise distribution of tip clearance, discharge coefficient and total pressure loss coefficient in the tip region.

借鉴Denton不可压叶尖泄漏损失的理论分析，推导出可压缩流动中叶尖泄漏掺混损失基本关系式，其集，中反映了尖区叶表压强、叶尖间隙、泄漏流流量系数及总损失系数影响。

Patent, and then the blade-to-blade flow was computed by solving the two-dimensional steady Navier-Stokes equations, finally, overall performance and internal flowfield characterization were obtained and analyzed.2. As to radial matching between blade sections, preliminary investigations were developed from three aspects such as stall margin customizing technique, control technology of tip clearance flow, prediction model and control technology of corner separate.a On basis of reviewing on methods of achieving the goal of stall margin in design process of fan and axial-flow compressor, in conjunction of understandings on "Sweep/Dihedral", stall margin customizing technique was put forward; two-dimensional performance prediction method for stall margin customizing was developed, it can consider influences of radial stacking patterns of blade sections and axial distances between blade rows conveniently and rapidly.b A simple model for tip leakage mixing loss of unshrouded blades for compressible flow was presented.

二、叶片基元展向匹配方面，本研究从影响负荷最大化的叶身展向积迭注：原(来源：ABC论文35网www.abclunwen.com指掠弯是裕度定制的一部分，为方便论述，本文将此统一论述为裕度定制、叶尖间隙、叶片与端壁角区这三个最重要因素出发，探讨了各因素影响负荷最大化的机理，并由此给出了最大负荷设计过程中的技术措施和努力方向。1从掌控风扇/轴流压气机裕度方法回顾入手，探析了美国和俄罗斯裕度控制方法及相应特点，结合对&掠/弯&因素的认识提出了裕度定制技术：并开发了能够体现裕度定制思想的二维特性预估方法，可在二维层面下方便快捷地考虑以掠/弯为代表的叶片基元展向积迭以及叶片排间轴向间距带来的影响；2借鉴Denton关于不可压叶尖泄漏损失的理论分析，推导出适用于可压缩流动的叶尖泄漏掺混损失计算的基本关系式。

The result of simulation analysis shows that the extent of the consequence is increasing by the rising level of atmosphere stability; the consequence extent is rising first and then decreasing along with the increase of RH of the atmosphere but increasing significantly by atmosphere stability; the consequence is decreasing gradually by the aggrandizing of surface roughness.

结果表明：随着大气稳定度等级的增加，LNG泄漏事故后果严重度逐渐增加；随着空气相对湿度的增加，LNG泄漏事故影响后果先增加后减少，这种趋势随大气稳定度等级的增加而越加明显，且事故后果严重度也相应增加；随着地表粗糙度的增加，LNG泄漏事故影响后果基本呈现出逐渐减小的趋势。

An oil spill in Australia blackens white sand beaches, ten times more oil than originally thought leaking from a cargo ship.

石油泄漏染黑了澳洲的白色沙滩。从一艘货轮泄漏的石油比预计多出十倍。

Significant damage may occur before the leak is discovered and it may be difficult to determine which case has the leaking bottle.

在泄漏被发现前，可能已经造成了重大损坏，并且可能很难找出具体是哪一箱里的瓶子在泄漏。

To meet with the DC feeder cable without ground wiring, different DC current method was proposed to solve the problem of DC leakage curren on-line detection of the cable. The paper still studied in primary the feasibility of low frequency superposition method to detect the DC feeder cable. It not only explained the working theory of the system, but also presented some problems to be solved.

针对直流馈出电缆无接地线，提出采用差量直流电流法解决了电缆直流泄漏电流的在线检测问题，并初步研究了低频叠加法监测直流馈出电缆的可行性，给出了工作原理及还需解决的问题。

A fine-grain sleep transistor insertion technique based on our simplified leakage current and delay models is proposed to reduce leakage current.

首先给出一种泄漏电流和延时的简化模型，并且在此基础上提出了一种降低泄漏电流的细粒度休眠晶体管插入法。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。