沼泽化

The following conclusions have been made in this paper.(1) Based on CO_2 flux data of eddy covariance, variation characteristics of gross primary productivity in four flux observation stations were studied, which are an alpine meadow, an alpine shrub meadow, a swamp alpine meadow and a steppe alpine meadow at Dongxiong. The results show that photosynthetic capacity of the alpine meadow is the highest, and the annual total GPP is 652.2g C/m~2. Daily-differencing approach is used to analyze the random error of CO_2 fluxes measurements. The results show that the distribution of random error follows more closely follows a double-exponential, rather than a normal distribution, capturing the high peak and thick tail, and the random error varies with environment variables, which violates the assumptions for the ordinary least squares fitting with normality and homoscedasticity, consequently, we introduce maximum likelihood method for parameter optimization.

本文主要在以下几个方面开展工作并获得了一些认知和结论：(1)通过分析样带区域内高寒草甸、高寒灌丛、沼泽化湿地和草原化高寒草甸四个通量观测站点草地生态系统总初级生产力变化特征，研究结果表明HBBT矮嵩草草甸生态系统植被光合作用能力较强，年GPP总量为652.2 gC/m~2，明显高于其他三种生态系统；通过利用"单塔日变化法"获得四站点通量观测数据随机误差，结果表明通量观测随机误差概率分布呈现尖峰厚尾的特征，与正态分布相比，更服从双边指数分布，进一步分析表明通量观测随机误差随环境变量(风速、温度和光合有效辐射)的变化而变化，这违背了普通最小二乘法进行生态过程模型参数优化正态分布且误差同质的假设，因此本研究中引入最大似然法进行生态过程模型参数优化。

Some questions such as disqualification dam,many cracks in developing dam body,disperse-impregnation in the downstream slope of dam,forming ascending spring owing to marshization in dam back,wadding educts coming from drainage ditch and rearing pond and a lot of seepage amount were occurred.

陡坡水库存在大坝质量差、坝体发育大量裂缝、背水坡出现散浸现象、坝后沼泽化并形成一上升泉以及排水渠和鱼池有絮状析出物、渗漏量增大等问题，这些异常现象都是由坝体及坝基渗流引起的。

The effects of building a water conservancy project include soil submerging, transmigrant, public health, micro-climate, soil salinization, environmental and geological disaster, deposition and alluviation, changing of ecological environment, wetland, biodiversity and environmental influence during the construction period of project, etc.

这些影响包括淹没土地、移民、人群健康影响、小气候影响、土壤的沼泽化和盐碱化问题、环境地质和自然灾害问题、上淤下切、生物环境的变化、湿地影响、生物多样性影响以及施工过程对环境的影响等。

The result indicated that: with the change of ecological factors and intensification of human activities,strong stability of grassland community structure of the local alpine meadow type along the highway in this region was found,proportion of medium xerophilous、rhizomous grass increased;alpine grassland community had relatively low stability,grassland community successed naturally to adapt to the new environment;...

结果显示：随着生态因子发生变化和人类活动的加剧，该区公路沿线高寒草甸类草地群落结构表现出了较强的稳定性，中旱生耐旱的根茎型禾草比重有所增加；高寒草原植物群落稳定性相对较差，草地群落为适应新的生境而发生了自然演替；沼泽化草甸亚类草地植物群落中群落伴生种的种类增加，优势种嵩草属植物在群落中的比重有所下降。

From May to October 2004, the seasonal changes of K, Ca, and Mg contents and accumulation in Calamagrostis angustifolia, the dominant species in the typical meadow anti marsh meadow communities of Sanjiang Plain, were studied.

2004年5-10月，对三江平原典型小叶章草甸和小叶章－苔草沼泽化草甸群落优势植物小叶章的K、Ca、Mg含量与累积的季节变化进行了研究。

Using the static chamber and Chromatograph method, H2S and COS emission from the marsh meadow Calamagrostis angustifolia and typical meadow Calamagrostis angustifolia were measured during growth season (5-9 month). the results showed that the seasonal and diurnal variations of H2S and COS emission were both obvious, the mean emission of H2S and COS from the marsh meadow Calamagrostis angustifolia were 0.34μg?

利用静态箱／气相色谱法，观测了小叶章沼泽化草甸和小叶章典型草甸两种湿地类型中H2S和COS在生长季（5-9月）的释放动态，结果表明：在两种小叶章湿地中，H2S和COS的排放通量均具有明显的季节和日变化规律。

Habitat utilization of root vole was studied in the region of Haibei Alpine Meadow Ecosystem Research Station, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, from July to September of 2002 and 2003. Three indexes of activity intensities, runway length, runway branch number and burrow entrance number were used to estimate root vole's utilization intensities on four types of habitats, manual cultivated land, true meadow, swamp meadow and Dasiphora fruticosa shrub.

为研究根田鼠对不同类型栖息地的利用强度，于2002-2003年的7-9月在中国科学院海北高寒草甸生态系统定位站地区采用样方法测定了4种类型栖息地（人工耕作地、真草甸、沼泽化草甸、金露梅灌丛）中的3个根田鼠活动强度变量（跑道长度、跑道分叉数、洞口数）。

The Lake area in Jianghan Plain is one of the most ecotypically fragile areas in Yangtse Valley, and here there are four main ecological problems: frequent flood, silt and sand that make the lake become a swamp, water pollution and eutrophication, and the schistosome.

江汉平原湖区是长江流域生态环境最脆弱的地区之一，洪涝灾害严重、泥沙淤积和沼泽化现象普遍、湖泊水体污染与富营养化问题突出、血吸虫未得到根治等是该区目前存在的主要生态环境问题。

Potamogeton malialaianus was the dominant species of submerged plants in , but the rate of swamp forming is more rapidly due to the increasing sedimentation and rapid growing of emerging plant and leaf - floating plant after .

高等水生植物在50年代以马来眼子菜为主，但进入90年代后，随着挺水植物，浮叶植物的逐步扩展，沉水植物的覆盖率和生物量日益降低，湖底的淤积和部分湖区沼泽化的进程加快。

Of course, when stiff and painful joints are already bogging you down, the thought of walking around the block or swimming a few laps might make you hesitate.

当然，当僵硬，关节疼痛您已经沼泽化了，在走在块或游泳几圈可能让你犹豫思想。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。