油萜

Suitable water-immiscible organic solvents include aromatic hydrocarbons, eg toluene, xylene, naphthalene, tetrahydronaphthalene and methyl naphthalene; chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons, eg chlorobenzene, fluorobenzene, chloronaphthalene and bromonaphthalene; esters, eg butyl acetate, ethyl acetate, methyl benzoate, ethyl benzoate, benzyl benzoate, butyl benzoate, phenylethyl acetate, butyl lactate, benzyl lactate, diethyleneglycol dipropionate, dimethyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate; alcohols having six or more carbon atoms, eg hexanol, octanol, benzyl alcohol, phenyl ethanol, phenoxy ethanol, phenoxy propanol and phenoxy butanol; ethers having at least 5 carbon atoms, preferably C 5-14 ethers, eg anisole and phenetol; nitrocellulose, cellulose ether, cellulose acetate; low odour petroleum distillates; turpentine; white spirits; naphtha; isopropylbiphenyl; terpene; vegetable oil; mineral oil; essential oil; and natural oil; and mixtures of any two or more thereof.

适用于水互溶的有机溶剂包括芳香族碳氢化合物，如甲苯，二甲苯，萘，四氢萘和甲基萘；氯代芳香族碳氢化合物，如氯苯，氟，氯萘和萘；酯类，如醋酸丁酯，醋酸乙酯，苯甲酸甲酯，苯甲酸乙酯，苄酯，苯甲酸正丁酯，苯，醋酸丁酯乳酸，乳酸苄，二甘醇二丙酸酯，邻苯二甲酸二甲酯，邻苯二甲酸二乙酯，邻苯二甲酸二丁酯，二（2乙基己基）酯；醇有6个或更多碳原子，如己醇，辛醇，苯甲醇，苯乙醇，苯氧基乙醇，丙醇和苯氧基苯氧丁醇；醚至少有5个碳原子，最好荤5-14醚，如苯甲醚和phenetol；硝化棉，纤维素醚，醋酸纤维素，低气味石油蒸馏；松节油；白酒，石脑油isopropylbiphenyl；萜类，植物油，矿物油，挥发油；和天然油，以及任何两个或两个以上其混合物。

Among them,--α-Pinene、--β-Pinene、--3-Carene are the three main compounds which account for above 96% of monoterpines, and a small amount of other monoterpines,-limonene, myrcene, camphene, phellandrene.

而对于经常构成蠹类害虫树体引诱剂组分的萜烯类成分在其中占居较高的比重，主要为3种成分--3-蒈烯，--α-蒎烯和--β-蒎烯，占萜烯类总量96％以上。另外还含有少量的柠檬烯、香叶烯、莰烯和萜品油烯等成份。

Part of the findings shows the composition of pythoncidere is similar to that of the steam-distilled Cryptomeria japonica essential oil, based upon which an experiment about the Cryptomeria japonica essential oil's effect on animals is conducted. This leads to a further finding that the major element of terpene "limonene"is quite effective to central nervous system, and it can be hypnotic, anxiolytic and analgesic.

该研究还发现芬多精的组成与利用水蒸气蒸馏的柳杉精油的成分相类似，於是进一步以柳杉精油进行动物试验，发现了柳杉中的芬多精及其主要的萜类成分－「柠檬烯」，对动物中枢神经系统有相当大的影响，而且具有安眠、抗焦虑及镇痛的功效。

It has offered the information of the boiling points of the chemical compounds, and it is helpful to reutilize them after their separation by rectification. The results showed that the main compounds of the heavy cut of terpineol were longifolene and βcaryophyllene. They are from the raw material, terpinene oil.

松油醇的合成工艺方法主要有两种：一种是一步法，即松节油在酸催化作用下直接进行水合反应生成松油醇；另一种是二步法，即松节油首先在酸催化作用下水合成萜二醇，再经稀酸催化脱水生产松油醇。

By tracing the antifungal and antibacterial activities of the volatile oils, it is found that the major active site in fiuit oil of Litsea mollis is aldehydic fraction such as citral, the major active site in oil of Thymus quinquecostatus is phenolic fraction such as thymol and the major active site in ginger oil is high boiling-point terpenic constituents such as β-caryophyllene, eudesm-4 (14)-en-11-ol, et al.

通过抗菌活生追踪发现，毛叶木姜子果油的主要活性部位是醛类成分，如柠檬醛；地椒油的主要活性部位为酚类成分，如百里香酚；姜油的主要活性部位为"高沸点萜类组分"，如β-丁香烯、4（14）-桉叶油烯醇-11等。

By tracing the antifungal and antibacterial activities of the volatile oils, it is found that the major active site in fiuit oil of Litsea mollis is aldehydic fraction such as citral, the major active site in oil of Thymus quinquecostatus is phenolic fraction such as thymol and the major active site in ginger oil is high boiling-point terpenic constituents such as β-caryophyllene, eudesm-4 (14)-en-11-ol, et al.

通过抗菌活生追踪发现，毛叶木姜子果油的主要活性部位是醛类成分，如柠檬醛；地椒油的主要活性部位为酚类成分，如百里香酚；姜油的主要活性部位为&高沸点萜类组分&，如β-丁香烯、4（14）-桉叶油烯醇-11等。

The second group are the mixtures of Jurassic coal-formed oils and Cretaceous-derived oils. The carbon isotope, n-alkanes and isoprenoids compositions of these oils are similar to core extracts from Jurassic coal measures. However, sterane and terpane compositions of these oils show affinity to Cretaceous source rocks. It is deduced that coal-formed oils dissolved the biomarker-rich Cretaceous bitumen of relatively low thermal maturity, and overprinting occurs during oil migration.

第二类原油具有侏罗系煤系烃源岩与白垩系湖相泥质烃源岩混源的特点，这类原油的碳同位素组成、正构烷烃分布特征和姥植比等均表现出煤成油的特征，但甾、萜烷烃类化合物组成与白垩系烃源岩接近，推测是由于侏罗系煤成油在向上运移成藏过程中，受到成熟度相对较低、生物标志物相对丰富的白垩系烃源岩的浸析作用所致。

Based on the experiment of dissolving EPS plastics by two essential oils, 1g terpenoid oil dissolves 0.65g EPS plastics, after dissolving the volume of EPS plastics decreases to 5%; terpeneless compound can not dissolve EPS plastics.

实验研究了两类精油对发泡聚苯乙烯塑料的溶解效果。1g萜烯烃类精油溶解0.65g发泡聚苯乙烯塑料，溶解后的塑料体积约为原体积的5%。低萜精油不能溶解发泡聚苯乙烯塑料。

Three results are obtained by an orthogonal experiment. The main components of essential oil in separating containerⅠare terpenoid, terpeneless compound is in separating container Ⅱ. Through second-level separation the technological conditions of de-terpene are: pressure 7MPa, temperature 32℃ in separating containerⅠ;pressure 4～5MPa, temperature 32℃ in separating containerⅡ. The optimum technological parameters of obtaining two essential oils are: particle size 0.60mm, pressure 10MPa, temperature 36℃, operating time 90 minutes. There are 1.46% and 1.88% essential oil in separating containerⅠand Ⅱ respectively.

通过正交试验表明：分离器Ⅰ中精油的主要成分是萜烯烃类化合物，分离器Ⅱ中精油的主要成分是由高级醇类、醛类、酮类、酯类等组成的含氧化合物；二级分离脱萜的适宜参数是：分离器Ⅰ的压力为7MPa，分离器Ⅱ的压力与循环压力相同，温度都为32℃；同时得到萜烯烃类精油和低萜精油的最优工艺组合是粒度0.60mm，萃取压力10MPa，萃取温度36℃，萃取时间90min，精油得率分别为1.46％和1.88％。

Gas chromatography and mass spectrometry technique were employed to analyze the ginger oleoresin. This analysis resulted in the detection of 3 hitherto unknown natural compounds, 24 compounds previously reported as pungent compounds and 50 volatile compounds from ginger. The volatile compounds were mainly α-zingiberene (22.29%),β-sesquiphellandrene (8.58%),α-farnesene (3.93%),β-bisabolene (3.87%),α-curcumene (2.63%), which were mostly consisted of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons.

从姜油树脂中分析出77种化合物，其中挥发油成分50种，主要是α-姜烯(22.29%)、β-倍半水芹烯(8.58%)、α-法尼烯(3.93%)、β-没药烯(3.87%)和α-姜黄烯(2.63%)等倍半萜类化合物；姜辣素成分27种，主要成分为6-姜酚(9.38%)、6-姜烯酚(7.59%)和分析过程中由姜酚类或姜烯酚类化合物受热分解而形成的姜油酮(9.24%)。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。