油管

During the process of preservation and transportation of oil,the inner surface of oil turb suffer a lot of corrosion and damage because of the influence of environment and chemicals,this makes the tube skin become thinner and seriously disturbs the process of preservation and transportation of oil.

在石油储运过程中，由于油管周围环境以及石油内某些化学物质的影响，油管内壁要受到不同因素的腐蚀和破坏，使壁厚变小，严重影响石油的运输。

Coiled tubing ; underbalance ; underbalanced drilling ; payzone protection ; enhance penetration rate ; flexible tubing

连续油管；欠平衡；负压钻井；油气层保护；提高钻速；柔性油管

Based on the theories of rheology, Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics, petroleum chemistry, crystallography and pipeline technology etc. and sampling Huabei crudes, experimental indexes and programmes are drew out, integrating the oil properties and parameter analysis; in terms of the macro analysis of continuum mechanics, substantial experiments are conducted with HAAKE RS600 rotational rheometer and the rheological equation as well as the viscosity-temperature equation are further developed with tested rhrogramme and viscosity-temperature curve, respectively. Beased on the researches on thixotropic mechanism and thixotropy fluid property, hysteresis loop curve, structure failure and viscosity build-up curve as well as shear stress decrement curve for one type oil are first present in this paper. According to the theoretical researches and testing results, a novel thixotropy equation with τ=τ_∞e~ pattern, which is of hi-accuracy, few parameter and simplicity, is developed. Considering the influence of various parameters on rheological behaviour, depressant adding condition is optimized and experimental evaluation on BEM-5P is conducted, which further unrip its mechanism on the Huabei crude. A corresponding viable pipe transportion programmel is also recommended.

本文基于原油流变学、非牛顿流体力学、石油化学、结晶学、原油管输工艺学等理论，以华北原油为研究对象，结合原油物性及实验影响因素分析，制定出实验研究的评价指标及实验方案；从连续介质力学宏观分析的角度，利用HAAKE RS600高端旋转流变仪开展了大量的室内实验，并运用微观研究方法，测定了油样的流变曲线和粘温曲线，建立了流变方程和粘温方程；通过对触变性机理和触变性流体特征的研究，首次对华北原油测定出滞回环曲线、结构破坏与恢复粘时曲线、剪切应力裂降过程曲线，并在理论研究和实验结果的基础之上，建立了能定量描述含蜡原油剪切应力裂降过程的新型三参数触变模式τ=τ_∞e~b/(t+c，该模型具有精度高、参数少、实验简便且适用性强的特点；通过对含蜡原油流变性的影响因素理论研究，开展了加剂条件优选及BEM-5P降凝剂室内评价实验，进一步揭示了降凝剂对华北原油作用机理，在此基础之上，提出了华北原油管输的可行性方案。

Based on the theories of rheology, Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics, petroleum chemistry, crystallography and pipeline technology etc. and sampling Huabei crudes, experimental indexes and programmes are drew out, integrating the oil properties and parameter analysis; in terms of the macro analysis of continuum mechanics, substantial experiments are conducted with HAAKE RS600 rotational rheometer and the rheological equation as well as the viscosity-temperature equation are further developed with tested rhrogramme and viscosity-temperature curve, respectively. Beased on the researches on thixotropic mechanism and thixotropy fluid property, hysteresis loop curve, structure failure and viscosity build-up curve as well as shear stress decrement curve for one type oil are first present in this paper. According to the theoretical researches and testing results, a novel thixotropy equationwith τ=τ_∞e~ pattern, which is of hi-accuracy, few parameter and simplicity, is developed.Considering the influence of various parameters on rheological behaviour, depressant adding condition is optimized and experimental evaluation on BEM-5P is conducted, which further unrip its mechanism on the Huabei crude. A corresponding viable pipe transportion programmel is also recommended.

本文基于原油流变学、非牛顿流体力学、石油化学、结晶学、原油管输工艺学等理论，以华北原油为研究对象，结合原油物性及实验影响因素分析，制定出实验研究的评价指标及实验方案；从连续介质力学宏观分析的角度，利用HAAKE RS600高端旋转流变仪开展了大量的室内实验，并运用微观研究方法，测定了油样的流变曲线和粘温曲线，建立了流变方程和粘温方程；通过对触变性机理和触变性流体特征的研究，首次对华北原油测定出滞回环曲线、结构破坏与恢复粘时曲线、剪切应力裂降过程曲线，并在理论研究和实验结果的基础之上，建立了能定量描述含蜡原油剪切应力裂降过程的新型三参数触变模式τ=τ_∞e~b/(t+c，该模型具有精度高、参数少、实验简便且适用性强的特点；通过对含蜡原油流变性的影响因素理论研究，开展了加剂条件优选及BEM-5P降凝剂室内评价实验，进一步揭示了降凝剂对华北原油作用机理，在此基础之上，提出了华北原油管输的可行性方案。

RIH with Tubing and install 1 Clamp on each coupling to protect control line.

下入油管，并在每根油管接箍上安装一个控制管线保护器以保护控制管线。

By the mechanics analysis of pumping rod, the calculation model of the mechanics analysis of pumping rod and neutrality point of oil tube have been established. The function of pumping rod bend space length and account method have been derived and analysis example have been completed. The simulation of wellbore trajectory and the deformation curve of sucker rod and oil tube is also given.

论文对机械磨损和腐蚀对偏磨的影响进行了分析，通过对抽油杆和油管的力学分析，建立了下冲程抽油杆、管柱下部受力分析与中性点计算模型；给出了抽油杆变形的影响因素，建立了油井井身轨迹、抽油杆和油管在油井中的变形曲线模拟软件。

The influences of pipes, Young's elastics and viscosity of oil on step responses of valve control system are investigated by simulation. A theory criterion is put forward to determine what kind of system is considered as "a system with long pipe".

通过仿真考察了阀控系统中进油管道和回油管道的参数、油液的弹性模量和粘度对系统阶跃响应的影响，担出了&带长管道阀控系统&的理论判据，用以衡量进油管道和回油管道对阀控系统动态性能的影响程度。

According to experiment study of anti corrosive-wear capability about tube and rod friction pair which are made of ordinary materials and surface treatments,some straight figures were drawn about selecting friction pair's corrosive-wear ratio.

对抽油井常用管杆材料以及表面处理后的管杆材料摩擦副耐磨蚀性能进行了试验研究，结果表明：J55与N80普通油管与QT60接箍配合时，接箍磨蚀最小；而无论与哪种接箍对磨，涂层油管最耐磨，并且与非调质钢(FG20)接箍磨蚀时，接箍最耐磨。

Sixth, followed by release of the cylinder high-pressure injector tubing connector on the nut, the governor of diesel engine running under the handle position, rotation of diesel engine, the high-pressure pipeline from the air (this step can be ignored under normal circumstances, when the start failure should not be ignored).

第六，依次松开各缸喷油器上的高压油管接头螺母，将调速器手柄置于柴油机运行位置，转动柴油机，排出各高压油管内的空气（此步骤一般情况下可以忽略，当启动失败时不应忽略）。

Inspection, screw open the cylinder high-pressure pipeline joints, using hand pump pumping pumps, fuel injection pump at the top of the case found that there is oil outflow tubing connector, the valve of the oil seal bad (of course such as a broken valve spring is also this would be the case), such as cylinder seals appear undesirable situation, it should conduct a thorough debugging injection pump maintenance, the replacement of dual pieces.

检查时，拧开各缸高压油管接头，用输油泵之手油泵泵油，如此时发现喷油泵顶部油管接头有油流出，则说明该出油阀密封不良（当然如出油阀弹簧折断也会出现这种情况），如多缸出现密封不良现象，则应对喷油泵进行彻底调试保养，更换偶件。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。