油井

Logging truck is a kind of special equipment used widely in well logging and perforation. It sends logging instrument to different depth of well via the rotation of roller with cable enwound on it.

测井车是油田行业用于测井及射孔的专用设备，该设备通过缠绕电缆的滚筒的正反转将测井仪器放入井下或提回井面，以测得油井不同深度的各种性能参数。

A novel flexbilizing agent is designed by mixing farraginous short fibers that can greatly improve the performance of cement annulus.The optimal content of thirteen kind of fiber is confirmed by testing the flexure strength.

本文利用混杂短纤维研制成功油井水泥增韧剂FR，该增韧剂能够明显克服水泥石固有的脆性，大幅度提高水泥环韧性。

A consortium set up by portugal's galp energia and brazil's petrobrás, announced it will bid for the exploration of one deep water bloc in the sea off east timor.

由葡萄牙石油和天然气公司和巴西石油公司组成的联盟宣布，他们将投标勘探东帝汶的一个深水油井。

A co ortium set up by Portugal's Galp Energia and Brazil's Petrobrás, a ounced it will bid for the exploration of one deep water bloc in the sea off East Timor.

由葡萄牙石油和天然气公司和巴西石油公司组成的联盟宣布，他们将投标勘探东帝汶的一个深水油井。

On the other hand, these activities control the amout and quality of freshwater, for example, water used for agricultrue and industry increase, build up reservoir and unloading directly change the balance of the ecological eviromental composition such as salinity, sand, nutrious and microelement in soil, so that control the change of heteroptera Kitog.

人类活动一方面通过建设虾池、大坝及油井平台等活动直接占用了碱蓬生长的土地，另一方面它又通过控制上游淡水的水量与水质，如农业与工业用水的增加、建水库、直接排污等活动改变着区域土壤的盐度、泥沙成分、营养物质、微量元素等生境组分的平衡，进而控制碱蓬的消长。

There are 339 reservoirs in especially high watercut stage with 1.52 billion tons of OOIP which accounts for 43.1 percent of the Shengli oildom. Development status and character of these oilfields has changed a lot. The paper has demonstrated the trend of development indexes.

特高含水期油田开采程度、开发状况、开发规律较前一阶段发生了变化，本文研究了常规水驱开发油藏特高含水期开发指标的变化规律，结果表明随着含水上升，液量下降，含水上升幅度减缓，产量、油井开井率及新井单井增加可采储量不断减小。

Extracting oil from oil sands produces two or three times as much carbon dioxide as pumping it out of a normal well, according to the Pembina Institute, an environmental group.

根据一个名为Pembina研究所的环保组织估计，将石油从油沙中提炼出来所产生的二氧化碳将是从一个普通的油井中抽出同样石油所排放量的两三倍。

Especially, it is found that there exists three types of relative permeability of water such as concave, convex to the water saturation ax and the reversed "S" pattern. The super-low permeability reservoir is sensitive to pressure, apparent with millipore undersaturation and water blocks. In this study, a new concept of irriducible undersaturation is brought up. And a new mode to describle the process of imbibition dynamics is used to reveal and confirm the mechanism of pinhole enveloping macropore as following: pendular ring of wetting phase gathers→it fills throat→it truncates nonwejting phase . The expression of pressure distribution and the equation of oil production are deduced under conditions of non-darcy linear seepage and non-linear seepage.

尤其发现水相相对渗透率曲线存在凹向、凸向含水饱和度轴及反S形三种形式；特低渗透储层的压力敏感性强，微孔隙的欠饱和及水锁效应显著，本文研究中提出欠束缚水饱和度的概念，引用一种描述渗吸动态即湿相液环聚集→充填喉道→截断非湿相的演化过程的新方法，更深刻地揭示和证明了&小孔包围大孔&机理；推导出了非达西线性渗流和非线性渗流条件下的压力分布表达式和油井产量方程。

In order to perform smooth cementing operations under high temperatures in deep wells, we developed an oil-well retarder WHJ with high molecular weight, which takes phosphatic compounds as its major raw materials.

为了确保深井高温条件下固井施工的顺利进行，以含磷化合物为主要原料研制出了高分子油井水泥缓凝剂WHJ。

In order to do research on pipe flow and pump characteristics of polymer flooding and water flooding rod-pumped well in especially high water-cut stage, rheometric test aimed at production stream from polymer flooding and water flooding rod-pumped well in especially high water-cut stage has been made, and the characteristic of production stream in especially high water-cut stage is confirmed as Newtonian fluid. Experiments using different mediums about pipe flow and pump characteristics is made. Frictional resistance and coefficient of friction resistance of annulus fluid between sucker rod and the pipe flow is calculated under different working conditions. Frictional resistance between plunger and pump barrel under different parameters is calculated based on related theory of pump characteristic and the strained analytical model of oil-well pump. Besides, using the theory of slit flow and hydraulic -clamping pressure, the frictional resistance is calculated, and the error between the result and measured value is no more than 13%.

为研究特高含水期水驱及聚驱抽油机井管流特性与泵特性，本文针对特高含水期水驱及聚驱井采出液进行了流变性试验，确定了特高含水期油井采出液的性质属牛顿流体；利用不同介质，进行管流特性与泵特性试验，得到了不同工况下杆、管环空流的摩擦阻力和摩阻系数；根据泵特性相关理论和抽油泵受力分析模型，计算了不同参数下柱塞与泵筒间的摩擦阻力，并利用缝隙流与液压卡紧力理论对柱塞与泵筒间的摩擦阻力进行了计算，计算结果与实测值误差在13%以内。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。