沥青

The rolled asphalt rock-fill dam with concrete core is one of new impervious structures in the rock-fill dams. It has very high imperviousness with ability to fit the deformation and it is easy to organize the construction.

碾压式沥青混凝土心墙坝是土石坝的一种新型防渗结构，具有防渗性，能好、适应变形能力强、易于施工等特点。

During in recent years, most of oil-wells are severely undergoing blockage by asphaltenes and other organic depositions when the exploitation of Ta'he oil field goes into middle period. These situations take much trouble for operation and cause the increasing of operating sequence and cost.

近年来塔河油田8区及外围轻质油井随着塔河油田开采进入中期，各区块的油井出现了严重的沥青质和蜡等有机沉淀的堵塞情况，给作业带来很大难度，作业工序及作业费用增加。

For mixture, increasing appropriate amount of SAK series in content range, molding temperature of WMA can be reduced by 10~20℃. If more reduction needs, the amount of asphalt should be improved.

对沥青混合料而言，在合适的掺量范围内，适量提高SAK添加剂的剂量，可将混合料的成型温度降低10~20℃，如需进一步降低成型温度，则需要提高混合料油石比。

There are three categories of maturity indicators of organic matter in current petroleum industry to evaluate the degree of thermal evolution for source rocks, including: 1 optical indicators, i.e., vitrinite reflectance, bitumen reflectance, sporopollen color and thermal alteration index, conodont color alteration index, and reflectance of fossil fragments; 2 chemical indicators, i.e., the maximum temperature in pyrolysis of organic matter, methyl phenanthrene indicator, the atomic ratio of H/C, carbon isotope indicator, and biomarker indicators; 3 indicators of spectroscopy, i.e., the free radical concentration of kerogen, the average structural scale of aromatic nucleus of kerogen, and the laser-Raman spectrum of organic carbon.

摘 要：当前常用的有机质成熟度指标包括3大类：1 光学指标，包括镜质体反射率、沥青反射率、孢粉颜色、热变指数(thermal alteration index， TAI)、牙形石色变指数(color alteration index， CAI)和生物碎屑反射率；2 化学指标，包括有机质最大热解峰温度、甲基菲指数(methyl phenanthrene indicator， MPI)、H/C原子比值、碳同位素指标和生物标志物指标；3 谱学指标，包括干酪根的自由基浓度、干酪根芳核平均结构尺寸和有机碳激光拉曼光谱。

The inhibit-efficiency of inhibiter can access 79.2％ when the quantity is 1000 ppm, so it can resolve the question of asphaltene-deposition.

抑制剂加量为1000ppm时，抑制率能达到79.2％，能有效的解决原油中胶质沥青质的沉淀问题。

In the indoor ideal conditions, the relevant comparative tests of different grid interlayer of asphalt mixture and overlay structure have been done by using interlay shearing device, drawing machine, Marshall multi-functional strength device and rutting machine, and then the test results have been evaluated by a rational approach. Meanwhile, the simulated test of the overlay fatigue life has been done by using ordinary rutting machine, and the different overlay thickness of different grade interlayer and different sawing depth of overlay structure have been studied by the fatigue test.

5在室内理想条件下，采用层间剪切仪、层间拉拔仪、马歇尔多功能强度试验机及车辙轮碾仪进行了不同层位格栅的沥青混合料及与加铺层结构相关的对比试验，并采用合理的方法对试验结果进行了评价；同时，采用普通车辙仪进行加铺层结构疲劳模拟对比试验，系统地对不同加铺层厚度的不同格栅设置层位及不同旧路锯缝深度的加铺层结构进行了研究。

The tradition method for highway reconstruction adopts to excavate all old asphalt pavement and structure level. It not only may waste much money and time, but also need to intermit the traffic for long time.

传统的道路养护修补方法采用全部挖除旧沥青路面和旧结构层的做法，不仅工程造价高、施工工期长，而且需要长时间中断交通。

The results show that coal tar pitch and PMB can be used to synthesize COPNA resin, the reaction mechanism of which is a positive ion-typed condensation polymerization catalyzed by acid. There exist many micro fibers with a uniform distribution in the COPNA resin. The fibers grow with increase of modification time, and then intertwist and amalgamate. Moreover, the COPNA resin possesses good thermo-stability and high coke value.

研究表明煤沥青能与PMB合成COPNA树脂，其反应机理为酸催化下的阳离子型缩聚反应；COPNA树脂的合成中出现很多微纤，随交联聚合程度的加深，微纤相互缠结并融合；COPNA树脂具有很好的耐热性和较高的炭收率。

The formation of hydrocarbons from a source rock as bitumen forms from kerogen and accumulates as oil or gas.

烃类从源岩中形成的作用，如由干酪根形成沥青并聚集成油或气。

The in situ visualization of pyrolysis of kerogen and asphalt in high-temperature and high-pressure water studied by hydrothermal anvil cell.

采用热液对顶砧压腔装置，对高温高压水中干酪根和沥青质的热解过程进行了原位观测。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。