没有降低的

Hereinto, the study of Multi-Agent simulation of economies based on the complex adaptive system theory is an important research branch of the complexity of economy.

首先，由于现实经济中涉及的因素众多，相互关系复杂，给数学方法的运用带来了一定困难；其次，传统方法没有很好地解决经济系统的层次性结构问题，因此，无法对不同层次的特性差异给予一个整体性的解释，也就产生了宏观、微观相互脱节的理论体系上的缺陷；再次，传统经济理论对现实经济普遍存在的信息不完备与不确定性尚不能给予系统的解释；最后，传统经济中以观测数据为基础的经验主义的研究方法，无法深入了解经济的微观运行过程，从而降低了理论对现实的解释与预测能力。

However, the data interchange of different enterprise is not as same as these, because there isnt a standard for a business industry. The information of the enterprise needs to be translated repetitiously, even be handled again and again. These can cause mistakes and reduce the efficiency of information transferring.

而对于企业之间的数据交换，由于现在国内流通行业还没有一个被广泛接受的统一的数据交换标准，这使得企业之间的数据交换困难重重，企业的业务信息在企业的边界处往往要进行多次变换，甚至是重复的人工处理，降低了企业信息的传递效率，并且在这中间也增加了引入错误的可能性。

Because there isnt a standard for a business industry, the information of a corporation needs to be translated repetitiously, even be inputted again. These can cause mistakes and reduce the efficiency of information transferring.We defined a frame for data interchange of different application in the CHAOPI corporation and realized the integration of the storage information system and the headquarter information system.

而对于企业之间的数据交换，由于现在国内流通行业还没有一个被广泛接受的统一的数据交换标准，这使得企业之间的数据交换困难重重，企业的业务信息在企业的边界处往往要进行多次变换，甚至是重复的人工处理，降低了企业信息的传递效率，并且在这中间也增加了引入错误的可能性。

Though there is no unrealizable technical difficulty for FTTH, its success shall highlight the following aspects and integrate efforts to solve the key points: develop new device and kernel control chip adapting to features of FTTH, reduce the cost of optoelectronic devices and passive devices; develop low cost, easy installation indoor optical fiber, cable and linker as well as matching construction equipments and tools; develop high density, easy operation optical fiber distribution frame; and develop concentrated remote monitor, management techniques and systems.

FTTH技术是未来宽带接入的主要模式，从长远来看也是其他技术无法取代的，FTTH虽然没有技术上不可实现的难点，但要使FTTH走向成功，以下方面值得重视并应集中力量攻关：开发适应FTTH特点的新型器件和核心控制芯片，降低光电器件和无源器件的成本；开发低成本、易安装的室内光纤、光缆和连接器及相配合的施工仪器工具；开发高密度、易操作的光纤配线架；开发集中的远程监视和管理技术及系统等（178）。

The results showed that the TiN andN films are polycrystalline phase. The properties and structure of TiN films are mainly determined by the N2 mass flow rate, and as the N2 mass flow rate increases, the structure of the TiN films transforms to f.c.c. type leading to better the properties of films. The presence of negative bias voltage can optimize the grain of TiN films, lower the defect proportion and denser the films, which improves the hardness of films. The TiN films conform to the free carrier absorption mechanism and there are many of free electrons with lower N content in TiN films. With the increase of N content, the quantity of free electrons and reflectivity of films decrease, and the plasma frequence shifts to the lower energy, which leads to the regular change of colors of films from silver, yellowy, golden to yellow-red, meanwhile the lightness of films decreases. The goldenN film consists of TiN and ZrN phase, but belongs to a sigle f.c.c. structure with (111) preferred orientation. The Zr-doping dosen't change the position of the valance band, conduction band and forbidden band ofN film, but leads to the presence of new energy levels, which is the reason thatN film remains golden. The transparent hard films with good corrosion resistance and high hardness have been prepared and the further reseachs showed that the grain size of those films is by far smaller than the wave length and the width of forbidden band of those films is very broad, is the reasons that those films are transparent.

研究表明：氮化钛和N 薄膜为多晶态，氮流量决定了氮化钛薄膜的结构和性能，增加氮流量能使氮化钛薄膜的结构向面心立方结构转变，从而得到性能良好的氮化钛薄膜；施加负偏压能优化氮化钛晶粒和减少薄膜中的缺陷，使膜层变得更致密，从而提高薄膜硬度；氮化钛主要遵循自由载流子光吸收，氮含量较少时薄膜中的自由电子数目较多，随着氮含量的增加，薄膜中的自由电子数目不断减少，反射率逐渐降低，等离子体频率向低能端移动，从而使薄膜颜色出现规律变化，由金属色银白色到淡黄、金黄再到红黄，并且薄膜亮度呈下降趋势；金黄色的N 薄膜中存在TiN 和ZrN 的分离相，但其为单一的面心立方结构并具有(111)面择优取向；相对于TiN 薄膜，Zr 掺杂后，并没有使薄膜的导带、价带和禁带发生变化，只是在TiN 禁带内增加了新能级，这也正是掺杂Zr 后，薄膜仍

Its hydrophilic groups is the inside carbonyl and amine base, and its lipophilic groups is the inside hydrocarbon chain and outer methyl. PAMAM of integral generation basically has not the surface activity. Its reason is that its outer groups is acylamino groups having very strong hydrophilicity so as not to reduce the surface tension of water. PAMAM different from traditional surfactant, have not critical micelle concentration, and exist in the form of "unimolecule micelle" in water.

结果表明：半代的PAMAM水溶液的表面活性与其分子具有两亲结构有关，亲水基团是内部的羰基和胺基，亲油基团是内部的碳氢链和外层的甲基；整代的PAMAM水溶液基本上没有表面活性，其原因是其最外层基团是酰胺基，亲水性很强，不能降低水的表面张力；树状大分子与传统的表面活性剂不同，不存在临界胶束浓度，在水中是以&单分子胶束&形式存在。

The growth inhibiting rate of T24 cell lines were detected by MTT methods, apoptosis of cells were detected by flow cytometry, the mechanism of apoptosis was analyzed by detecting the protein expression of Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase-9, Caspase-3 and cytoplastic protein Cytochrome C. 4 We injected live T24 cells into the subcutaneous space of nude mice and successfully built up the animal model of bladder carcinoma. The effect of CS-PAA-EPI polymer magnetic microspheres targeting chemotherapy was investigated by HE staining, TUNEL ,tumor weight and volume inhibition rate. Results: 1 TEM revealed that the CS-PAA polymer magnetic microspheres were regular spherical shape,the average diameter was 80nm in dry condition. By controlling the pH value of the medium,polymers had positive or negative zeta potential. VSM showed the CS-PAA polymer magnetic microspheres had superparamagnetic. The diameter of CS-PAA-EPI polymer magnetic microspheres were 200nm in solution by DLS examining,the embedding ratio was 20%,the EPI loading rate was 15%, which was higer than reported in other articles. 2 Raw eye observation found that the rat"s bladder of treatment group was brown color,which meaned the aggregation of iron particles, compared with the control group, iron stain found iron particles were assembled in rat"s bladder of the treatment group, the amount of iron particles in liver and spleen were less obviously.

研究结果：1合成的CS-PAA磁性聚合物微球呈球形，大小均一，TEM测定其干态下粒径为80nm左右，磁化曲线证实具有超顺磁性，具有一定的PH敏感性，固载表柔比星后，水溶液性状稳定，无沉淀物，DLS测定直径约200nm左右，测定载药率为15％，较文献报道高，包封率为20％。2肉眼观察试验组大鼠膀胱表面呈褐色，可见大量的Fe粒子聚集，普鲁士兰染色法显示，试验组大鼠膀胱壁内有大量的Fe粒子，分布至膀胱壁全层，与对照组大鼠相比，试验组大鼠的肝、脾内的Fe粒子聚集量明显降低；HPLC测定结果与Fe染色相同；高剂量磁性CS-PAA-EPI生理盐水组及单纯EPI生理盐水组均在给药后14天出现血肌酐和尿素氮的升高，其他组大鼠血生化指标没有明显变化。3MTT法发现，高、中、低剂量磁性CS-PAA-EPI生理盐水组在外加磁场的协同作用下杀伤T24细胞效应明显高于单纯的EPI生理盐水组，FCM发现试验药物组可引起明显的肿瘤细胞凋亡，试验药物治疗组细胞胞浆内出现了由线粒体释放出的细胞色素C，试验组细胞Bcl-2蛋白减少，Bax蛋白变化不明显，Caspase-3、Caspase-9蛋白受到了激活活化。4高、中、低剂量磁性CS-PAA-EPI生理盐水组的瘤重抑制率和瘤体积抑制率均明显高于单纯的EPI生理盐水组(P＜0.01)，其中高剂量组的抑制率最高。

Other methyl nucleophiles includingMeMgBr, MeCeCl2, MeTiCl3, Me3Al, Me3ZnMgCl, MeMnClwere tried, but in all these cases no detectable amount of exo-C8-methylated product was obtained. Although protecting C3-carbonyl as 1,3-dioxolanes could be achieved, the serious enolization of C8-carbonyl was still problematic. Converting C9-furan ring to α,β-butenolide did depress the enolization, but desired C8-methylation was completely replaced by migration of the double bond of the butenolide.

在本论文的早期阶段，主要着眼于解决二环[3.2.1]-C8-羰基加成甲基所遇到的C9-呋喃环差向异构化和C3与C8两个羰基之间化学选择性的问题：通过引入不同金属降低甲基试剂的碱性并没有取得甲基化的成功；通过不同的方法将C3-羰基掩蔽，但是C8-羰基的烯醇化依然无法抑制；虽然通过将呋喃环转化为α，β-不饱和-γ-丁内酯可以抑制烯醇化，但内酯环上的双键迁移又成了新的竞争反应。

In Chapter 5, photo-induced absorption is used to study the intersystem crossing from singlet to triplet states of two polyfluorenes after doped with Ir-complex. It is found that the triplet exciton lifetime of PFs is reduced by the dopants. But instead of decreasing, the population density of PF triplet exciton increases by almost one order of magnitude. The finding shows that the ISC rate can increase over 100 times due to the spin-orbital interaction with the Ir ions.

第五章以光诱发吸收光谱技术研究两种聚芴高分子掺杂绿光铱错合物后，聚芴的单重态到三重态的内部系统转换效率的改变；研究发现在掺杂后，聚芴的三重态生命期减短，但出乎意料的是其三重态的态密度并没有随之降低反而有一个数量级的增加，其原因为单重态到三重态的内部系统转换受铱错合物的影响效率增加了100倍。

The catalytic transformation pathway can change to decrease the yield of hydrogen and yield methyl-contained sulfides such as methyl mercaptan, dimethyl sulfide and dimethyl disulfide, but overlarge concentration of methanol would holdback the transformation of isobutyl mercaptan. The transformation of isobutyl mercaptan was favorable if the volume ratio of methanol and benzene was 0.2.The addition of methanol assume certain effect on the catalytic cracking of di-n-butyl sulfide in solvent benzene but without changing the cracking reaction mechanism of di-n-butyl sulfide.

甲醇也可以使异丁硫醇的催化转化路径发生改变降低硫化氢的产率，生成甲硫醇、甲硫醚及二甲基二硫化物等含甲基硫化物，但甲醇的浓度过高会抑制异丁硫醇的转化，在反应体系中当甲醇的体积占到溶剂苯体积的20%时对异丁硫醇的转化较为有利；甲醇的添加对丁硫醚在溶剂苯中的催化裂化有一定影响，但没有改变丁硫醚的裂解反应历程。

For a big chunk of credit-card losses; the number of filings (and thus charge-off rates) would be rising again, whether

年美国个人破产法的一个改动使得破产登记急速下降，而后引起了信用卡大规模的亏损。

Eph. 4:23 And that you be renewed in the spirit of your mind

弗四23 而在你们心思的灵里得以更新