汗分泌

In summary, our results indicate that hypohidrosis is a frequent adverse effect in children with topiramate therapy. Younger age and hot weather rather than drug dosage are independent risk factors for topiramate-associated hypohidrosis. The resultes also rule out the possibility that topiramate act on its known mechanisms of action, such as potentiating GABA activity at GABAA receptors and antagonizing the AMPA/KA subtype of glutamate receptor in the secretory cells of sweat glands to inhibit sweat secretion. Our data also suggest that topiramate impairs sudomotor function in mice and leads to a significant reduction in AQP5 expression in sweat glands of anhidrotic mice, thus raising the possibility that dysregulation of AQP5 may contribute to topiramate related hypohidrosis. CA inhibition may not be an important contributor since CA II expression and CA activity was intact in anhidrotic mice treated with topiramate.

综合全部实验结果，本研究提示：夏季和低龄是托吡酯引起泌汗障碍的主要危险因素，而托吡酯剂量对泌汗功能的影响较小；托吡酯可以抑制小鼠汗液的分泌，小鼠的年龄并不影响这种抑制作用，但托吡酯对小鼠体温无明显影响；托吡酯并不是通过对GABAA受体及AMPA和KA两种谷氨酸受体亚型的作用而在汗腺分泌细胞抑制泌汗；托吡酯不影响汗腺形态及Na，K-ATP酶活性；汗腺分泌细胞的AQP5功能失调可能与托吡酯引起的泌汗障碍密切相关，而碳酸酐酶抑制作用并不是泌汗功能损害的主要原因。

In summary, our results indicate that hypohidrosis is a frequent adverse effect in children with topiramate therapy. Younger age and hot weather rather than drug dosage are independent risk factors for topiramate-associated hypohidrosis. The resultes also rule out the possibility that topiramate act on its known mechanisms of action, such as potentiating GABA activity at GABAA receptors and antagonizing the AMPA/KA subtype of glutamate receptor in the secretory cells of sweat glands to inhibit sweat secretion. Our data also suggest that topiramate impairs sudomotor function in mice and leads to a significant reduction in AQP5 expression in sweat glands of anhidrotic mice, thus raising the possibility that dysregulation of AQP5 may contribute to topiramate related hypohidrosis.

综合全部实验结果，本研究提示：夏季和低龄是托吡酯引起泌汗障碍的主要危险因素，而托吡酯剂量对泌汗(来源：A44B8787C论文网www.abclunwen.com)功能的影响较小；托吡酯可以抑制小鼠汗液的分泌，小鼠的年龄并不影响这种抑制作用，但托吡酯对小鼠体温无明显影响；托吡酯并不是通过对GABAA受体及AMPA和KA两种谷氨酸受体亚型的作用而在汗腺分泌细胞抑制泌汗；托吡酯不影响汗腺形态及Na，K-ATP酶活性；汗腺分泌细胞的AQP5功能失调可能与托吡酯引起的泌汗障碍密切相关，而碳酸酐酶抑制作用并不是泌汗功能损害的主要原因。

Antiperspirant stops you from sweating and that means your body can't cool itself like its supposed to.

止汗药阻止汗液的分泌；汗液不能正常分泌，身体就得不到正常冷却。

Hippocrates: because of an excess of black bile a deficiency of choleric humour.

希波克拉底：由于黑胆汁分泌过多而胆汗分泌不足。

Menopausal syndrome is owing to the decay of the ovaries fuctions, the estrogen level obviously decends, which causes the functional disorders of blood vessel , nerve and endocrine system, and which induces the functional uterine bleeding, hectic fever, diaphoresis, the atrophy of cunnus and vagina, osteoporosis and neurovegetative syndromes.

更年期综合征是妇女由于卵巢功能衰退，体内分泌的雌激素水平明显下降，引起的心血管、神经、内分泌系统功能紊乱，导致功能性子宫出血、阵发性潮热和出汗、外阴及阴道萎缩、骨质疏松等症状及出现精神和植物神经系统的症状。

Night: mouth breathing, frequent suffocation or choke awake, insomnia and more dreams, night sweats, nocturia increased flow of saliva, affecting those who live together in one room to sleep and so on.

夜间：口呼吸，频繁窒息或呛醒，失眠多梦，盗汗，夜尿增加唾液的分泌，影响这些谁住在一个房间一起睡觉等。

This is true of every biological function or process in our body, from perspiration and the elimination of waste to the functions of the pancreatic juice,the gall, the endocrine glands and the finer emotive and cogitative processes.

从排汗、排泄，到分泌胰腺液、胆汁，所有的内分泌腺和那些美好的感情和理智的过程，这对于我们所有的生理功能和过程来说都是这是这样的 the finer emotive and cogitative processes 估计的对Sex的隐晦的说法

Incidence rate, clinical characteristic and risk factors for hypohidrosis were analyzed to provide clues for possible mechanisms underlying topiramate-induced hypohidrosis.

继而，建立托吡酯引起泌汗障碍的小鼠动物模型，以明确托吡酯是否能够抑制小鼠汗腺的分泌及其发生规律(来源：ABC论文ae网www.abclunwen.com)和影响因素。

Topiramate induced hypohidrosis is reversible, but can be clinically significant during heat stress and exercise challenge. This side effect challenges patients'confidence of long term drug therapy. On the other hand, although hypohidrosis is an adverse effect of topiramate when used for other indications, its anti-sweat producing effects may be beneficial in conditions of hyperhidrosis. How topiramate induces its antiperspirant effects is unclear.

托吡酯减少汗液分泌的确切机制尚不明确，对这一问题的探讨可为有效地预防、对抗此种副作用的发生提供依据，从而提高癫癎患者药物治疗的依从性和治疗效果；另一方面，多汗症的治疗手段较少，效果亦欠佳，对托吡酯引起泌汗障碍的机制进行研究可以化害为利，为托吡酯治疗多汗症提供实验证据。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。