求解过程

The paper first introduces the basic principle of Karhunen-Loeve decomposition for stochastic processes, and outlines the essential properties of the decomposition. A method based on the Hartley orthogonal bases is proposed to decompose stochastic processes.

介绍了随机过程Karhunen-Loeve分解的基本原理，指出了其在随机过程展开中所具有的优势与局限性，针对Karhunen-Loeve分解在求解特征问题中存在的困难，采用Hartley正交基作为展开函数，发展了一类基于Hartley正交基的随机过程展开方法。

A numerical method is gived to distinguish that a Petri net is a time charac-teristic nets or not.The time characteristics of transmit are discussed and the density formula of transmit is given. stochastic petri nets ; time characteristic ; distractive matte

一般情况下，随机Petri网现有的分析方法大多是假定变迁的发射时间服从负指数分布，然后将网标识过程等价于连续参数马尔可夫过程，然后利用求解马尔可夫过程的一套数学方法来分析Petri网的时间特

Then we present the hardware design of RS(255,247) encoding and decoding, including the multiplier in Galois field, the circuit for solving syndromes matrix, the circuit of Berlekamp arithmetic and so on. The use of streamline technology in the design of FPGA improved the efficiency of encode and decode system greatly.

接下来讨论了RS(255，247)编码过程和解码过程的硬件设计，包括伽罗瓦域内的乘法器设计，伴随式求解电路，Berlekamp算法电路等，在FPGA的设计过程中充分使用流水线技术，使整个编码和译码系统的效率有很大的提升。

In order to meet the discharge norm of the contamination concentration limit, zone generalized predictive control is adopted which transforms the conventional quadratic objective of the MPC into a linear programming with soft constraints; besides, considering the wastewater treatment plants energy-saving targets, a multi-objective predictive control is formulated and finally hierarchical multi-objective optimization algorithm is applied for on-line optimization solution.

根据污水处理过程的实际要求，为了满足氮浓度的排放标准区间要求，研究了污水处理过程的区间广义预测控制策略，把预测控制的常规二次目标转化为带软约束问题的线性优化问题；同时考虑到污水处理的能耗，在出水水质目标之上建立了能耗最小目标，得到了污水处理的多目标预测控制，最后采用分层多目标优化算法进行在线优化求解，得到污水处理过程的多目标预测控制。

A set of quadruply coupled equations (fluid flow, convection-diffusion, energy conservation and mechanical equilibrium) with a number of cross-couplings and coupled constitutive relations is formulated to quantify the multi-physics of oil displacement by CO2 injection, implemented into and solved by using FEMLAB. FEMLAB is the first engineering tool that performs equation-based multi-physics modeling in an interactive environment. With FEMLAB, the coupled multi-physics model can be solved simultaneously. The applicability of this model has been demonstrated through an example of simulations for a two-dimensional reservoir of size 1000 m×1000 m with one injection and one production wells. Model results illustrate the significant importance of the cross-couplings between individual (thermal, hydrological, chemical and mechanical) physics.

首先，建立一套流、固、热、多相流等多场全耦合控制方程组及其相应的耦合本构关系；然后，采用FEMLAB为工具来模拟三次采油阶段CO2驱油过程中的流、固、热、物质守恒等多场之间的全耦合作用，是第一个人机交互式的基于偏微分方程组的多物理场耦合分析的工程工具，利用FEMLAB，该4个耦合方程组成的方程组可以一次同时被求解出来：最后，应用该模型来求解一个二维油田的驱油情况，数值计算结果表明，原位应力、注入温度、注入压力等因素对CO2的地下贮存效率、驱油速度等有重要影响。

The proposed method based on the pinch technology is helpful to find the bottleneck of the process, eliminate unreasonable solutions and cut down the dimensions of the mathematical model. So the NLP model can be solved by the software of GAMS.

研究表明，夹点分析可发现过程瓶颈，剔除一些不合理的结构，降低数学模型的维数和求解难度，所以采用优化软件GAMS就可以求解。

Hypothesizing that the stress distributions don＇t refer to stressstrain history of explosive in pressing process ,the stress in the condition of steady load for charge of projectile body is analyzed and calculated by two methods: one is that the whole projectile body is divided into smaller lattices to solve ,the other one is that the whole projectile body is divided into smaller lattices firstly, and then local lattices are bridged according to the need for solving.

假设药柱的应力分布不涉及压制过程炸药的应力一应变历史，采用两种方法对装药弹体在静载荷下的应力进行分析计算，一种是将整个弹体划分成较小的网格进行求解，另一种是先对整个弹体进行网格划分，然后根据求解的需要对局部网格进行加密。

Based on the analysis of physics course of heat transfer, the mathematical model of single-phase flow in the rectangular narrow channel is proposed. And the boundary conditions are given to get the unique numerical result. The finite volume method is used to found the discrete scheme of equations. According to the flow of SIMPLER arithmetic, the computing program is developed and the correctness of program is validated.Then the program is used to solve the problem of flow and heat transfer in rectangular narrow channel.The stable two dimension velocity and temperature fields in rectangular narrow channel and plate fuel are obtained.

在明确窄缝流道及燃料板换热物理过程的基础上，建立了描述矩形窄缝内单相流动与换热问题的数学模型，并给出了合理的边值条件；然后利用有限容积法对方程进行离散，根据SIMPLER算法的流程编制了模型求解程序；在验证程序正确性的基础上，对矩形窄缝流动与换热问题进行了求解，得到了矩形窄缝流道和板状燃料元件内部温度场、速度场的二维分布。

Based on the above-mentioned parameter, according to the relationship between robust estimation and nonlinear diffusion, the Turkey loss function is introduced as the diffusion function in SAR image decomposition because of its better performance, and the contour of an image is extracted by the Turkey diffusion function with the proposed diffusion parameter mentioned above. The experiment results indicate that the Turkey loss function based diffusion process can strengthen the conspicuous contour. Additionally, a Raita\'s criterion-based method, solving the automatic diffusion threshold, is proposed to automatically set the threshold in diffusion decomposition.

针对基于梯度参数和局域方差系数的扩散在对SAR图像进行分解时存在的缺陷，提出了一种局域方差系数与窗口幅度均值积的扩散系数，该系数能够更有效地实现潜在目标区域和背景区域的区分；在此基础上，根据鲁棒估计与非线性扩散的联系，引入扩散效果更好的Turkey损失函数作为图像分解中的扩散函数，并结合局域方差系数与窗口幅度均值积的扩散参数来提取图像的轮廓，结果表明：基于Turkey损失函数的扩散过程对特征突出的边缘所起的&强化作用&更加明显；此外，针对扩散分解中的阈值确定问题，提出了一种基于拉依达准则的扩散阈值自动求解方法，实现了扩散阈值的自动求解。

Basing on this, this paper proposes a generalized shortest path method. That is, by constructing an intermodal-network multi-ply graph which interrelates the data and information in transit with the nodes and sides of the graph, adding virtual origin and destination stations to the graph, and then analyzing transport costs and transfer costs, this paper applies the Dijkstra algorithm to solve the intermodal optimal transport path problem so as to get the intermodal transport plan with the least generalized costs.

在此基础上，提出一种求解最佳运输路线的广义最短路法，即通过构建多式联运网络多重图，将运输过程中的数据、信息和图中的节点、边关联起来，然后对运输费用和中转费用进行分析估计，并通过在联运网络图中加入虚拟的发、到站，使得该问题可用Dijkstra算法进行求解，从而获得广义费用最少的联运方案。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。