求解

The sensitivity analysis which is based on the calculus of variations is used in the shape optimization. The design velocity field is solved by Herrmann method. An example shows that both the quality of the FEM mesh and the efficiency of the computing of the design velocity field are improved by Herrmann method.

算例表明优化过程中采用Herrmann网格均匀化法求解设计速度场，可以提高优化过程中网格的质量，速度场的求解效率也得到极大的提高从而优化的效果和效率都有明显提高。

So the effect and the efficiency of the shape optimization are guaranteed. If using sensitivity analysis which is based on the calculus of variations in the shape optimization, the sensitivity analysis can be a relatively independent module. The efficiency of computing the design velocity field and the quality of mesh will be improved by using Herrmann method.

在形状优化过程中，采用基于变分法的敏度分析，可以使敏度分析成为单独模块，在进行设计速度场求解时采用Herrmann法，使速度场求解的效率和优化过程的质量得到保证。

For the problem of solving the Capon beamforming algorithm under the steering vector uncertainty set, a novel method is proposed.

针对Capon波束形成算法在导向矢量不确定集约束下的求解问题，提出了新的求解方法。

By using the Muskhelishvili complex methods, the issue of interaction between bimaterial incline crack s was reduced to solve the Cauchy singular integral equations, in which the unknown functions are the dislocation density functions.

采用 Muskhelishvili复变函数方法，研究两相材料中两根倾斜裂纹应力强度因子的相互影响，将问题归结为求解一组 Cauchy型奇异积分方程，对倾斜裂纹端点的应力强度因子作了数值求解。

By combining the theory of sectionally holomorphic function, the analytical extending method, Cauchy model integral, the analysis of the singularity of complex functions and Riemann boundary problem, analytic relations between the complex potentials were obtained.

研究压电材料在均匀热流作用下螺型位错与圆弧裂纹的相互作用，综合运用复变函数分区全纯理论、解析函数奇性主部分析方法、解析延拓原理、Cauchy型积分以及Riemann边值问题求解方法，获得各复势函数之间的解析关系，进一步得到了特殊情况下所讨论问题的封闭解，并求解出像力随温度梯度和位错位置变化的表达式。

By combining the theory of sectionally holomorphic function,the analytical extending method,Cauchy model integral,the analysis of the singularity of complex functions and Riemann boundary problem,analytic relations between the complex potentials were obtained.

综合运用复变函数分区全纯理论、解析函数奇性主部分析方法、解析延拓原理、Cauchy型积分以及Riemann边值问题求解方法，获得各复势函数之间的解析关系，进一步得到了特殊情况下所讨论问题的封闭解，并求解出像力随温度梯度和位错位置变化的表达式。

First, we discuss the noncharacteristic Cauchy problem for 1-D heat equation.

首先，对一维的热传导方程的非特征Cauchy问题，我们利用边界积分方法将问题的求解转化成解积分方程组的问题，再对积分方程组进行离散化来数值求解，最后的数值结果表明我们的算法是有效的。

At that time, however, nonlinear differential equations had no universal solutions and some problems of celestial mechanics were still required to be resolved.

而非线性微分方程没有普遍解法以及一些天体力学问题的未决，促使庞加莱在微分方程求解过程中引入定性思想，创立了常微分方程实域定性理论这一新分支，突破了原有的微分方程求解的思维束缚，是微分方程研究历史上的一次重大飞跃。

Spectral element methods for partial differencial equation is introduced in this study from viewpoint of the collocation approximation of Chebyshev polynomial. Wave Equation and its space discretization are deduced. Two time integral methods, central difference method and implicit Newmark method, are introduced, and their stability and applicability are also discussed in some details. The significance of absorbing boundary conditions in spectral element methods for Aeroacoustics is explained, and Clayton-Engquist-Majda absorbing boundary conditions is emphasized and introduced, then the discrete scheme of this boundary conditions is deduced and applied to spectral element methods for wave equation.

本文从Chebyshev多项式逼近理论出发，详细介绍了谱元方法求解偏微分方程的过程；推导了流体中的声波动方程并在空间上对其进行了谱元离散；详细讨论了两种时间积分方法──中心差分法和Newmark方法，分析了它们的稳定性条件，并从理论上对比了两种方法的优缺点和适用范围；将吸收边界条件推广应用于谱元方法求解气动声学问题中，重点介绍了Clayton-Engquist-Majda吸收边界条件的原理和公式，推导了该吸收边界条件的变分形式，并将其引入波动方程的离散形式中。

A solution was constructed in the circular domain which satisfied the requirements that stress be zero at the hill edge and be arbitrary in the other part.

求解过程中将整个求解区域分割为2个部分处理，包括弧形凸起地形在内的一个圆形区域Ⅰ、区域Ⅱ。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。