水肿

The CC MRI findings are characterized mainly by:(1)frequently-encountered multiple circular foci during the cysticercus survival:small excentric spotty images of the mural cysticercus scolex :slightly high signs on T1WI and middle-lower signs on T2WI;lower signs on T1WI and high signs on T2WI of the capsular liquid;lower signs of the cerebrospinal fluid but relatively high signs of the capsular liquid on FLAIR;and unremarkable peripheral edema;(2)scolex disappearance,enlarged capsular cavity and remarkable peripheral edema during cysticercus degeneration and necrosis;(3)lower signs on T1WI and T2WI and peripheral edema disappearance after the focal calcification;(4)findings shown by the enhanced scanning:strengthened (24/36) or non-strengthened (12/36) cyst-wall circular images;strengthened (22/36) or non-strengthened (14/36) small intracapsular spotty images;(5)cerebral-ventricular type often occurring in the third and fourth ventricles:one case in the third ventricle (1/36) and three cases in the fourth ventricle (3/36),all of suffered from obstructive hydrocephalus;(6)hydrocephalus caused by arachnoid adhesion (2/36) in meningeal type.

结果 脑实质型18例，脑室型4例，脑膜型3例，混合型11例，主要MRI特点：(1)囊虫存活期，病灶呈圆型，多发常见，附壁囊虫头节呈偏心型小点状影，T1WI呈略高信号，T2WI呈中低信号；囊液T1WI呈低信号，T2WI呈高信号；在FLAIR上脑脊液呈低信号，而囊液呈相对高信号；周围水肿不明显。(2)囊虫退变坏死期，头节消失，囊腔扩大，周围水肿明显。(3)病灶钙化后，T1WI及T2WI均呈低信号，周围水肿消失。(4)增强扫描表现为：囊壁环状增强(24/36)，或不增强(12/36)；囊内小点状影增强(22/36)，或不增强(14/36)。(5)脑室型：常发生于第三、四脑室，其中第三脑室1例(1/36)，第四脑室3例(3/36)，均引起阻塞性脑积水。(6)脑膜型：因蛛网膜粘连，而引起脑积水(2/36)。

Results The brain ATP production in bilirubin induced neurotoxicity guinea-pig decreased within 4 hours after exposure to bilirubin, and secondary brain edema could be found 8 hours later; GAPA could prevent the secondary brain edema effectively ,but could not prevent the ATP decreasing significantly.

沉积于脑组织胆红素可抑制神经元能量代谢，致脑细胞水肿；兴奋性氨基酸受体拮抗剂GAPA可减轻脑水肿，但不影响能量代谢变化，其作用环节介于能量代谢变化与脑水肿之间。

Result The correlation between the BME degree and the collapse of ONFH: the collapse rate was 4.5% in degreeⅠ, 11.8% in degreeⅡ 66. 7% indegree Ⅲ, 90% in degree Ⅳ. The correlation between the BME degree and the Harris:93.0±5.41 in degree Ⅰ, 84.1±5.42 in degree Ⅱ, 76.4±4.22 in degreeⅢ, 66.3+7.46 in degree Ⅳ.

结果］骨髓水肿程度与塌陷相关性结果：Ⅰ级水肿塌陷率为4.5%，Ⅱ级水肿塌陷率为11.8%，Ⅲ级水肿塌陷率为66.7%，Ⅳ级水肿塌陷率为90%：骨髓水肿程度与Harris评分相关性结果：Ⅰ级水肿评分为93.0±5.41分，Ⅱ级水肿评分为84.1±5.42分，III级水肿评分为76.4±4.22分，Ⅳ级水肿评分为66.3±7.46分。

METHODS: The literatures related to the treatment of nephrotic edema were retrieved from the following: Chinese Biological Medicine Database, Chinese Journals Full-text Database (CNKI, 1994-2006), Chinese Technological Periodicals Database (VIP, 1989-2006), Chinese Evidence Biological Medicine/Cochrane Central Database, Cochrane Library Database, MEDLINE (1966-2006), EMBASE (1975-2006), MEDLARS, SCI (1985-2006) and OVID by electron and craft search with the following key words: nephrotic syndrome, edema, recalcitrant edema, refractory edema or resistant nephrotic edema, and treatment, diuretic therapy or human albumin treatment.

以"肾病综合征"、"水肿或顽固性水肿或难治性水肿"、"治疗或利尿治疗"为中文关键词，以"nephrotic edema 或 recalcitrant edema 或 refractory edema 或 resistant nephrotic edema "、"treatment 或diuretic therapy 或 human albumin"为英文关键词，采用电子和手工检索中国生物医学文献数据库、中国期刊全文数据库（CNKI，1994～2006.12）、维普中文科技期刊数据库（1989～）、中国循证医学/Cochrane 中心数据库、Cochrane图书馆等数据库、MEDLINE(1966.11-2006.2)、EMBASE(1975-2006.12)、MEDLARS、SCI(1985-2006.12)及OVID。

In treatment group, there was no progressive necrosis in stasis zone, and at 24 h post injury, capillary dilation, cell edema and inflammatory infiltration were lessened significantly. In control group, 2 wounds had progressive necrosis (accounted for 10% of the total). Cell edema, inflammatory infiltration and capillary thrombosis were serious, Until 72 hr post injury, cell edema did not subside and necrosis of the dermis worsened. 2. Pathological assessment of the stasis zone tissue: As compared with that in control group, in treatment group the dermis structure in stasis zone was intact and the collagenous fiber bundle was normal.

结果：①创面细胞形态学改变：伤后8h毛细血管扩张、细胞水肿，炎性浸润最明显；治疗组中央淤滞区无进行性坏死，伤后24h后毛细血管扩张、细胞水肿、炎性浸润减轻；对照组2个创面呈进行性坏死（占10%），中央淤滞区细胞水肿、炎性浸润明显，毛细血管血栓形成，伤后72h水肿仍明显，真皮坏死加重；②淤滞区组织病理学评分：治疗组与对照组相比，治疗侧淤滞区的表皮结构相对完整、胶原纤维束相对正常，粒细胞浸润小于5个/400倍视野。

A single systemic injection of resiniferatoxin , an ultrapotent analog of capsaicin, produced a long-lasting, reversible blockade of adjuvant-induced thermal hyperalgesia and reduction of early edema in the adult rat. Depletion of mast cell granules in peripheral connective tissues with secretagogue compound 48/80 also reduced the hyperalgesia and early edema to some extent. Co-pretreatment with RTX and compound48/80 had the similar effects as that of RTX treated alone. After unilateral surgical sympathectomy, the thermal hyperalgasia and edema were both significantly enhanced.

成年鼠一次性注射辣椒素类似物resiniferatoxin后，长时程、可逆性阻断了CFA所致热痛过敏的发展并削弱了早期炎性水肿；用促脱颗粒剂compound48／80慢性耗竭外周结缔组织肥大细胞内分泌颗粒后，也部分削弱了热痛过敏及早期水肿的形成；RTX与compound48／80共同处理对热痛过敏及水肿有与RTX单独处理相近程度及时程的影响；单侧交感链切除显著易化了炎性热痛过敏及水肿。

Results In these patients who suffered acute mountain sickness, 5.4％had coma in different grades, 5％ had abalienation, 4％ had lethargy, 1％ had paresthesia cacesthesia, 1.48％ had eyeground haemorrhage or eyeguound edema, 1％ had aberrated in intracranial CT.

结果 急性高原病患者中5.4%有不同程度昏迷，5%有精神异常，4%有嗜睡，1%有感觉异常，1.48%有眼底出血或水肿，1%有颅内CT异常；在这部分病人中高原脑水肿占总病例数的10%，在高原脑水肿病例中脑功能障碍比例明显增高，其中精神行为异常者占51%，有不同程度昏迷者占51.5%。

RESULTS: The mild traction group showed angulus anterior individual neuron slightly engorged, neuron and nerve fiber morphous was normal essentially; individual substantia alba demyelinates in fragmentis; medullary sheath and auxiliary fibers of nerve root were hydropsia slightly without conspicuous myelinolysis. The moderate traction group demonstrated myelinolysis change in the spinal cord, and neurofibras lined up chaos, auxiliary fibers disaggregated, neuron dropsy, tigroid body disappeared with karyopycnosis and anachromasis in neurons; nerve root showed myelinolysis. The severe traction group displayed a great demyelination region; anterior motor neurons with karyopycnosis and anachromasis; myelinated nerve fiber of nerve root shrinked, decreased in number, with severe demyelination changes.

结果：轻度牵拉组牵拉侧前角个别神经元稍肿胀，神经元及神经纤维形态基本上正常，个别白质小片状脱髓鞘样改变，神经根髓鞘和轴索轻度水肿，脱髓鞘不明显；中度牵拉组白质有脱髓鞘改变，神经纤维排列紊乱，轴索崩解、断裂；灰质神经元水肿明显加重，前角运动神经原细胞尼氏体消失，核固缩、深染，神经根髓鞘和轴索水肿，局部轻度脱髓鞘改变；重度牵拉组牵拉侧白质为不规则的大片脱髓鞘区，前角运动神经元胞体固缩、变形、核深染，神经根有髓神经纤维萎缩、数目减少，重度脱髓鞘改变。

ObjectiveNon-heparinized autohemic arterial blood of the rat was injected into its caudate nucleus to establish a model of intracerebral hemorrhage. The changes of edema in various regions of the brain were measured at different time after hemorrhage. Meanwhile, the effects of erythrocytes and thrombin on the formation of cerebral edema after cerebral hemorrhage were studied to explore the pathophysiological mechanism of cerebral edema and the roles of erythrocytes and thrombin in this process.

目的 利用自体未肝素化新鲜血回注法建立大鼠尾状核出血模型，观察脑出血后不同时间不同部位脑组织水分含量的变化，并分别研究红细胞、凝血酶对脑出血后脑水肿形成的影响，揭示脑出血后脑水肿形成的病理生理机制，并阐明红细胞、凝血酶在脑出血后脑水肿形成中的作用，从而为临床脑出血病人病情评估及治疗提供理论依据。

RESULTS: In Phaco group, 79.2％ of the patients visual acuities at the first day after operation were≥0.3. In this group, the nuclear hardnesses of some patients catract were ≤Ⅲ, and others ≥Ⅳ; complications occurred in the former including capsule rupture and vitreous prolapse(4.3%), corneal edema (22.2%); while the latter were 13.7% and 68.6%, respectively.

结果：Phaco组视力≥0.3者79.2%，核硬度≤Ⅲ者后囊膜破裂玻璃体脱出发生率4.3%，角膜水肿发生率22.2%，核硬度≥Ⅳ者后囊膜破裂玻璃体脱出13.7%，角膜水肿68.6%；MSICS组视力≥0.3者78.1%，核硬度≤Ⅲ者后囊膜破裂玻璃体脱出发生率3.8%，角膜水肿发生率19.0%，核硬度≥Ⅳ度者后囊膜破裂玻璃体脱出发生率5.7%，角膜水肿发生率14.3%。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。