水溶液

Interactions of polyhydroxy compounds with the amide in aqueous solutions were discussed as well.

通过分子动力学模拟研究乙二醇和甘油水溶液，研究多元醇水溶液的微观结构的差别。

Pretreatment of arsenical refractory gold concentrate - Leaching by sodium dichromate ;2. The solution of sulfuric acid was added dropwise to the reaction vessel contained 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol, sodium dichromate and water.

将硫酸水溶液滴加到1，3-二氯-2-丙醇与重铬酸钠水溶液的混合物中，在温度23~27℃的条件下搅拌反应5 h，重铬酸钠∶1，3-二氯-2-丙醇=1∶2，此条件下收率为79。

Potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques were applied to investigate the corrosion behavior of LY12CZ in 3% NaCl aqueous solution. The effects of stress to anodic polarization behavior, free corrosion potential, breakdown potential, polarization resistance and double-layer capacitance of LY12CZ were summarized.

利用动电位极化和电化学阻抗谱技术对应力加载下的LY12CZ铝合金在3% NaCl水溶液中的腐蚀行为进行了研究，考察了应力作用对LY12CZ在3% NaCl水溶液中的阳极极化行为、自腐蚀电位和破裂电位以及极化电阻和双电层电容大小的影响。

Through designing of composition and structure of the bioactive graded coating,innerstress and its distribution in the coating were analyzed and calculated, the resultsshowed that when composition distribution coefficient n was 1.5, a reasonable stressdistribution could be got, that was at the beginning of deposition the suspension containingrichly BG granules was used so that a rich BG granules layer, a good transitional layerbetween BG layer at the bottom and the coating could be obtained at the titanium alloy side,the bottom of the coating; the stress value near the interface and surface and its character,pressure stress or tensile stress, were decided by the character of its composition itself.Changing composition distribution coefficient n could only change the variation tendency ofstress in the coating, but did not change the stress distribution rule in the coating. Thethinner the coating is, the sharper stress variation in the coating is, which does not mean thatthicker coating is better because the thicker the coating is, the little the permitteddeformation of coating is, so the coating thickness should be thinner, for example, about50μm for bending applications, but for applications only bearing pure shear stress, such asroot of tooth implant, the coating can be thicker little, for instance, about 80～100μm. The study on electrification characteristic and electrophoresis deposition of HAand BG granules in aqueous and non-aqueous solution system found that EPD almost didn'toccur in aqueous solution system. However, because HA granules take position charges inabsolute alcohol, a homogeneous EPD be carried out on the cathode titanium alloy slice, but taking negative charge in absolute alcohol the BG granules not be deposited on the cathode. A guided HA crystallizing, 100～300nm, on surface of the BG granules be realized by metathetical reaction, which cover BG granules with HA microcrystals and make the covered BG granules taking position charges in absolute alcohol, sequentially realize the EPCD of the BG and HA granules on the cathode, so it is feasible to make a titanium alloy/BG/HA bioactive graded coating by making use of EPCD technology. The corrosion experiment of rich boron bioglass coating and plasma spray coating showed that split phase, rich boron and rich silicon phase, occurred during its preparation. In basic medium the corrosion behavior of 〓 BG coating showed uniformity corrosion, the corrosion mostly occurred at rich boron phase area, therefore batch formula design of BGshould avoid the occurring of split phase. The corrosion appearance of plasma spray coatingappeared a non-uniform corrosion, mostly occurred at the edge of the laminated HA moltendrops, and emerged an accelerated corrosion tendency, which will easyly lead to corrosioncrackles extending to the interface and the happening of osmotic interfacial corrosion, thatmay be one of the major reasons leading to the coating cracking-off in the later period. Thetesting results of thermal expansion coefficient of 〓 and 〓BG showed the thermalexpansion coefficient of 〓 BG matched with that of titanium alloy better, and 〓 BG couldsinter with titanium alloy into densification enamel layer at low temperature (720℃).

将Ti6Al4V合金在1000℃下进行真空热处理会降低其力学性能，且合金内的V元素会向表面富集，因此，钛合金真空热处理和表面涂层的烧结温度不能过高，即应低于其相转变点；通过对生物活性梯度涂层的组成和结构的设计，分析和计算了梯度涂层内的应力大小和分布，结果表明：对于本研究，当成分分布系数n=1.5时，可以获得较合理的涂层力学性能，即在沉积开始时，采用富含BG颗粒的悬浮液，以便在钛合金侧获得同底层BG有良好过渡的富BG涂层；梯度涂层界面和表面的应力大小、性质由材料组成本身的性质决定，改变成分分布系数，只能改变涂层内应力变化的趋势；涂层的厚薄不影响涂层内的应力分布规律，但涂层越薄，涂层内的应力变化越快，但这并不意味着涂层越厚越好，因为涂层越厚，涂层允许的变形越小，对于应用于弯曲受力部位的涂层而言，涂层应薄一点为好(50μm)；而对于仅纯受剪切应力的部位，如牙根种植体，涂层可适当加厚(80～100μm)；通过对HA和BG颗粒在水溶液体系和非水溶液体系中的带电特性和电泳沉积的研究发现，它们在水溶液体系中很难发生电沉积；在无水乙醇溶液中，HA颗粒带正电，可在阴极钛合金片上发生均匀的电泳沉积，而BG颗粒则带负电荷；利用复分解反应法，可以制得100～300nm的HA，通过诱导HA在BG颗粒表面结晶，可对BG颗粒进行表面包覆，获得了被HA包覆的BG颗粒，改变了BG颗粒表面的带电特性，使BG和HA颗粒在无水乙醇中均带上正电荷，从而实现了HA和BG颗粒在阴极上的共沉积。

Raman spectrum of saturated aqueous solution of ammonium dimolybdate crystal was recorded, and compared with those of ammonium dimolybdate crystal , ammonium heptamolybdate crystal, saturated aqueous solution of ammonium heptamolybdate crystal and monomolybdate anion in aqueous solution respectively.

记录了常温下二钼酸铵晶体饱和水溶液的Raman光谱，并分别与二钼酸铵晶体、仲钼酸铵晶体、仲钼酸铵晶体饱和水溶液、水溶液状态下单钼酸根离子的Raman光谱进行了比较研究。

A set of apparatus for determining solid-liquid equilibrium data at atmospheric pressure has been established. The solubility of sebacic acid in water, 20% ethanol aqueous solution, 50% ethanol aqueous solution, 80% ethanol aqueous solution and ethanol were determined. Wilson equation, ideal thermodynamics equation and λh equation were applied to describe solid liquid equilibria data.

建立了一套常压固液平衡测定装置，测定了癸二酸在水、20％乙醇-水溶液、50％乙醇-水溶液、80％乙醇-水溶液、无水乙醇体系中的溶解度，并用Wilson方程、热力学简化方程和λh方程模型对实验数据进行关联。

A new oxidative unhairing method using chlorine dioxide solution was studied by preparing chlorine dioxide solution, finding proper parameters of the chlorine dioxide solution unhairing process and applying it to leather making.

对二氧化氯水溶液氧化脱毛法进行研究与实践，包括制备二氧化氯水溶液、确定二氧化氯水溶液氧化脱毛工艺和将此工艺用于制革试验。

The dynamical processes of the nucleation and propagation of stress corrosion cracking of four low alloy steels with a wide range of tensile strengths in aqueous media with various polarization conditions, in a K_2Cr_2O_7 inhibitor solution and in some organic solvent such as acetone and alcohol were traced with an optical microscope.

用抛光的恒位移试样跟踪观察了具有广泛拉伸强度范围的四种低合金钢在各种水溶液中(高纯水、阳极极化和阴极极化下的水溶液，0.1NK_2Cr_2O_7水溶液)以及含痕量水的有机溶剂中应力腐蚀裂纹产生和扩展的动态过程。

For the aqueous luminol solution, three absorption bands with maximum. adsorption wavelength λ max 220.7、294 4 and 351.5nm respectively have been detected, with the exception of a little hyperchromic effect, the absorption spectrum contour of the solution cavitated by an ultrasound with a frequency of 1.45 MHz has been certificated to be unchanged.

luminol水溶液的吸收光谱有3个吸收带，它们的最大吸收波长分别是220.7nm、294.4nm和351.4nm，超声空化作用后主要呈弱增色效应，但其吸收光谱的基本形状无明显变化。luminol-NaOH水溶液经超声空化作用后也有较弱的增色效应和减色效应，但不论是否经历超声空化作用，其吸收光谱都与luminol水溶液的吸收光谱相似。

At pH=10.00,the surface tentionof HA solution is lower than that of FA from weatheredcoal and higher than that of HAs from peat,soil and marinesediments at the same conditions.

尽管如此，HA水溶液的表面张力与其它来源腐植酸水溶液的表面张力都表现出了与〓两个比值有一致的相关性，而SHA和SMHA水溶液的表面张力没有上述相关性。

This paper demonstrated the impact on the environment today, an important factor is Education.

本文主要展示了当今影响环境的一个重要因素——教育。

Article 16 The power to interpret these Procedures shall remain with the Ministry of Agriculture and CAA.

第十六条本程序由农业部、国家认证认可监督管理委员会负责解释。