水注

Combined the classification results with development performance and injection production relationship in oil field, distribution s for residual oil in the reservoir plane and interlamination are studied and the distribution are also summarized.

通过列举弱水淹层段测井曲线的特征及划分方法，将弱水淹层段划分结果与油藏开发动态及注采关系相结合，研究油藏平面及层间层内剩余油分布，从而总结出油藏平面及层间层内剩余油分布规律。

Combined the classification results with development performance and injection production relationship in oil field,distributions for residual oil in the reservoir plane and interlamination are studied and the distribution are also summarized.

通过列举弱水淹层段测井曲线的特征及划分方法，将弱水淹层段划分结果与油藏开发动态及注采关系相结合，研究油藏平面及层间层内剩余油分布，从而总结出油藏平面及层间层内剩余油分布规律。

Just as when a man wanting to claritfy water has taken a katuka nut and put his hand inside the pot and rubbed it o-nce or twice the water does not come clear , he does not throw the katuka nut away; on the contrary he rubs it again and agin , and as he does so the fine mud subsides and the water becomes transparent and clear – so too, the bhikkhu should not give up , but he should again and again comprehend give attention to , discern and define materiality only."

注1：「…亦如想把水澄清的人，拿了迦答迦的子（一种胡桃的子，可以洗水缸清水）把手伸入水缸之内，经一二次的磨擦，水仍不能澄清，但他并不丢掉迦答迦的子，却数数磨擦，这样则污泥沈落而水自清。

It is higher demand of slip casting engineering of imperious curtain of municipal refuse landfill , because its coarse grain and higher sweating rate when its concretion and its antacial poor stability of cement cumulates, its difficult to meet the design specification of antiseepage by the onefold cement slip casting.

城市垃圾卫生填埋场对防渗帷幕注浆的要求较高，单纯的水泥注浆，由于水泥颗粒较粗、水泥浆液凝固时的析水率较高、水泥固结体抗酸稳定性较差，很难满足设计对防渗的要求。采用粘土水泥固化浆液相关性能均能满足垃圾填埋场防渗帷幕的要求。

With the further studies on engineering properties, modified mechanism and work performance of CSS added various additives, CSS has been extensively applied in the ground treatment, slope protection, bracing foundation pit, injection and ponding engineering, etc.

随着对不同外加剂水泥土的工程特性、改性机理等理论的不断探讨和研究，水泥土被广泛应用于地基处理、边坡加固、基坑围护、注浆堵水等工程中。

Reinjection is applied for sewage disposal in Daniudi gasfield. Sewage contains some sulfate ion. The main ion in formation water with high salinity includes K, Na, Ca, Mg and Ba. So reinjected sewage combining with original formation water will generate scaling, And the scaling type is mainly sulfate scale.

中文摘要：大牛地气田对污水处理采用回注方法，污水中含有一定量的硫酸根离子，而地层水中也有很高的矿化度，主要离子为钾、钠、钙、镁、钡，因此回注污水与原地层水相混，会产生结垢现象，结垢类型主要为硫酸盐垢。

To understand new kind of principle of controlling drainage on mountain tunnel,point out water block by preliminary grouting ahead tunnel excavation,two kinds of concept of external water load are elaborated respectively under the condition of rock grouting,in order to realize principle of controlling.

通过对山岭隧道新排水原则的理解，指出了要在隧道开挖前进行预注浆堵水，并阐述了在围岩注浆情况下隧道的两种外水荷载的概念，从而达到控制排水原则的目的。

HVAC piping design with valve selection 1, chiller plant, cooling water between inlet valve design; 2, before the butterfly pumps, filters, pumps after the check valve, butterfly valve; 3, sets, water separator pressure differential between the bypass valve; 4, set, divider into the returning pipe valve 5, the level of dry pipe valve; 6, valve air handling units, filters, electric two-pass or three-way valve 7, fan coil valve (or plus electric two-way valve) Note: The valve is typically used when the diameter is less than 150mm used Handle Butterfly Valve (D71X, D41X); diameter greater than 150mm used worm drive butterfly (D371X, D341X).

暖通空调管道用阀门的选型设计 1、冷冻水机组、冷却水进出口设计蝶阀； 2、水泵前蝶阀、过滤器，闸门水泵后止回阀、蝶阀； 3、集、分水器之间压差旁通阀； 4、集、分水器进、回水管蝶阀 5、水平干管蝶阀； 6、空气处理机组闸阀、过滤器、电动二通或三通阀 7、风机盘管闸阀注：一般采用蝶阀时，口径小于150mm时采用手柄式蝶阀（D71X、D41X）；口径大于150mm时采用蜗轮传动式蝶阀（D371X、D341X）。

During the fracturing for low pressure and low permeability gas reservoirs, there are some main problems in conventional hydroxypropylguar - organic boron cross-linking system: Firstly, the water-lock damage to low pressure and low permeability gas formations by filter liquor; Secondly, the reason for alkali-sensitive damage in alkali-sensitive reservoirs is that conventional hydroxypropylguar - organic boron cross-linking fracturing fluids were cross-linked under alkaline environment, while the permeability of reservoirs is reduced greatly; Thirdly, the formation pressure is low, and the energy of flow back is not enough, at present, the main measure in oil fields is "injecting with liquid nitrogen", but this technique increased the cost of fracturing, making great troubles in operating, and leaving the liquid nitrogen also is a big problem.

在低压低渗透气藏的压裂改造过程中，常规羟丙基胍胶-有机硼交联压裂液体系存在的主要问题，一是压裂液滤液对低压低渗透气层造成的水锁损害；二是常规羟丙基胍胶-有机硼压裂液是在碱性条件下交联的，对碱敏性储层造成碱敏损害，降低储层渗流能力；三是地层压力低，压裂液返排能量不足，当前各油田采取的措施主要是&液氮伴注&技术，但是&液氮伴注&技术增加了压裂的费用，而且液氮存放也存在较大问题。

The experimental investigation demonstratesthat (1) the critical perforation energy of pressure pipelines (D/H=15) with pressure OMPa under lateral impact of flat-nose and spherical-nose indenters ranges from 2~3%,the critical perforation energy of empty pipelines is higher 1 ~2% than pipelines filled in water without pressure.

实验研究结果表明：(1)当管梁内注满水，预加工作内压P=0MPa时，对于径厚比D／H=15的厚壁圆管，在平头弹体和球形弹体两种弹体冲击作用下临界穿透破坏能量的降幅在2～3％之间：锥头弹体冲击厚壁空管的临界穿透能量比充水预加内压为P=0MPa的圆管高1～2％：(2)充水管道的预加内压提高，临界穿透能量有一定降低。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。