水泥的

The paper has a further research on the influence of compound soil nailing behavior in the perspective and the axial strength of the soil nails of the effect of the stiffness of soil, the stiffness of soil-cement mixing piles, the width of soil-cement mixing piles, the length of nails, the angle of nails. The paper also has a research on the influence of compound soil nailing behavior in the perspective of silt and hardpan of the effect of the width of soil-cement mixing piles.

深入分析了土体的弹性模量，水泥搅拌桩的弹性模量，水泥搅拌桩挡墙的宽度，土钉长度的变化以及土钉倾角的变化对复合型土钉墙变形性状和土钉轴力的影响，以及水泥搅拌桩挡墙的宽度在淤泥土层以及砂土土层中对复合型土钉墙支护变形性状的影响。

The old asphalt mixture being dealt with cement is a cold in-place recycling method. The mechanism is that the crushed asphalt mixture and lime soil are reused and is stabilized by cement additive. So the material can be applied in base and subbase course such as cement stabilized aggregate.

利用水泥处治废旧沥青路面材料属于沥青路面冷再生的范畴，其再生机理是将加工破碎的废料(包括废旧的沥青混合料和部分灰土基层)重新利用，经过水泥进一步的稳定作用，形成与水泥稳定级配粒料类似的基层和底基层材料。

When mixed into the same carbon fiber quantity is 1.0%, differ age material's AC impedance chart is discrepancy very much, along with to hydrate age's add, C-S-H gel isa great deal of form, the solution resistance at the concrete is gradually aggrandizement, the carbon fibre of here qua transmit electricity quality disperse would leading effect of conductance, along with the add of exterior load, the transmit electricity quality of concrete is almost nothing change, till breakage, resistance change rate tempestuousness add, and that the resistance change rate along with inside stress linearity add of corbon fibre concrete in elasticity phase, when near peak value load, resistance rate just gradually add, indicate the test sample would be about to breakage.

当碳纤维体积掺量同为1.0%时，不同龄期材料的交流阻抗谱相差很大，随着水化龄期的增长，C-S-H凝胶大量形成，水泥基材料中的溶液电阻逐渐增大，此时作为导电性分散相的碳纤维将起电导的主导作用。随着外部荷载的增加，基准水泥基材料的导电性几乎无变化，直到破坏时，电阻变化率剧烈增大，而碳纤维水泥基材料在弹性阶段其电阻变化率随内部应力线性增加，当接近峰值荷载时，电阻率才逐渐增大，预示试件即将破坏。

Based on the deterioration mechanism of corrosive medium, a lot of polymer such as ternary-polymer, adding-felt addition, hydrophobe and polypropylene fiber were added to enhance the performance of anti-corrosion, anti-penetration, conglutination and anti-cracking of original cementious material. The microstrure of cementious material was changed from the simplex hydration product of cement to the superposition structure of the hydrolysate of polymer and the hydration product of cement. A lot of the corrosive ions were prevented from the interior of concrete by this stable structure. The results of tryout indicated that the mending material has the good effect at the corrosion form of corrosive medium.

根据介质腐蚀形式的劣化机理，该文以提高修补材料耐腐蚀性能、抗渗透性能、粘结性能和抗裂性能为出发点，采用添加有机硅改性三元共聚物、增粘剂、孔隙憎水剂等多种聚合物和聚丙烯纤维对原水泥基材料进行改性，使得修补材料的内部微观结构从单纯的水泥水化产物转变成聚合物和水泥水化产物叠合的空间网状结构，这种稳定的结构能有效抵抗各种介质离子的侵蚀，在实际工程上的试用也显示出新修补材料良好的使用效果。

Experimental results indicate that a kind of lignosulphonate, which has a water reducing rate of 15.2%, with —OH and —SO3 groups, can be obtained by oxidation and sulphonating straw pulp lignin, and that MLP has better adsorption-dispersion ability to cement grains by electrostatic repulsion.

论文摘要：为开发利用草浆碱木素，通过引发氧化和磺化制备了改性草浆碱木素减水剂，测定了MLP的红外光谱、MLP在水泥颗粒表面的吸附量、水泥ζ-电位、MLP水溶液的表面张力及掺MLP的水泥净浆流动性，并测定了掺MLP的混凝土性能。

Dissolution process of a-TCP cement hardened body accords with the kinetic model equation: y =-ln =kt05 , its activation energy is 9.87 kJ/mol, which means dissolution is diffusion control. The dissolution mechanism of a-TCP cement may be considered as dissolution and reprecipitation of defective calcium hydroxy- apatite hydrated from a-TCP.

含有TTCH的a一TCP骨水泥固化体在生理盐水中的溶解动力学方程为：y二一In(1一x)=kto.4；溶解过程为扩散控制；其中含l%TTCH的骨水泥溶解反应活化能约为7.17kJ/mol，随着药物含量的增加，骨水泥固化体的溶解速率常数下降。

Again, I maintain that we should use the flexural-tensile strain and the vertical shearing stress of the bottom of cover of the joint as the target for the design of the cover structure of asphalt on the old cement concrete. In addition, on the basis of much theoretical analysis, I preliminarily put forward to a designing methods to anchor the old cement concrete road by using dog irons made of iron bars and then covering it using asphalt concrete structure. Finally, through selecting the plan of the cover of the road to be experimented, and making a detailed introduction to the techniques of construction according to the result of theoretical analysis, I know that after anchoring the slabs close to each other with dog irons made of iron, and then cover them using asphalt cement concrete has an obvious effect on preventing and slowing down the reflection cracks in the bituminous concrete skin coat over the old road.

在大量分析的基础上提出了马钉锚固罩面结构中相邻两块水泥混凝土板接缝处的相对水平位移、相对垂直位移、接缝处沥青层底部的弯拉应变和剪应变的计算公式；再次，提出了采用接缝处罩面层底部的弯拉应变、垂直剪应变作为旧水泥混凝土路面上沥青混凝土罩面结构的设计指标，并在大量理论分析的基础上，初步提出了马钉锚固旧水泥混凝土板后沥青混凝土罩面结构的设计方法；最后，根据理论分析的结果，选定试验路的罩面方案，并对其施工工艺进行了详细的介绍，表明采用钢筋马钉锚固相邻混凝土板后，再进行沥青混凝土罩面的方法在防止或减缓罩面层反射裂缝方面具有明显的效果。

CO2 and H2S exist in the hydrocarbon zone and foramtion water,as the accompany gases of petroleum and nature gaso or components of formation water,which will cause corrostion to the cement sheath under certain conditions of humidity and pressure.It will decrease the cement sheath's alkalinity,which results in the decrease of cement sheath's strength,permeability increase,and places a premium on fluid channeling and borehole wall sloughs accident in plastic formation,shortening the oil- gas well's production lifetime and giving rise to tremendous ecomonic losses.

CO2和H2S作为石油和天然气的伴生气或地层水的组分存在于油气层或地层水中，在一定的湿度及压力条件下会对固井水泥环产生腐蚀作用，从而降低水泥环的碱性，使水泥环强度下降，渗透率增大，并诱发流体窜流、塑性地层井壁跨塌等事故，从而缩短油气井的生产寿命，造成巨大的经济损失。

Factors which can accelerate the early hydration of cement,the setting in particular,such as excessively high C3A content,too low SO3 content,high alkali content and the blending of pozzolana with large inner specific surface area,etc.,will result in poor compatibility of the superplasticizer with cement.

凡是加速水泥初期水化的因素，特别是使水泥凝结加速的因素如C3A含量过高、SO3掺量过少、碱含量高以及掺入内比表面积大的火山灰质混合材等均使水泥与超塑化剂的相适应性变差。

Optimal mixing ratio of SRA as delay forming agent in cement treated base is 0.05%-0.06%; the influence of compacting delay on strength and dry density of road base may be reduced by SRA additive, forming time may be delayed to 9h; after the forming time is delayed to 4h, 6h and 9h, the strength and dry density shrinkage of cement-treated base with SRA admixture are much less than that of those without SRA.

SRA用作水泥稳定粒料路面基层的延迟成型剂的最佳掺量在0.05％～0.06％：用SRA可降低因延迟压实对水泥稳定粒料基层的强度和干密度的影响，可把延迟成型时间延长到9h；在成型延迟4h，6h，9h后，掺入SRA的水泥稳定粒料的强度和干容度损失明显小于未掺外加剂的混合料在相同延迟成型务件下的强度损失。

We are in a real jam.

我们的麻烦大了。

Hey, it's Ahmet from India, that foreign exchange guy.

看，那是印度的阿曼特，国际交换生