水库

Considering the reservoir's function as drinking water source and the technical and economic feasibility, phosphate control standard and admissible loading were calculated.

采用营养盐负荷与湖中响应模型对深圳水库中营养状态响应结果进行参数率定，其水库规划模型的预测值与深圳水库的实测值较为接近，结合水库的饮用水功能及技术经济可能性，计算了深圳水库富营养化磷盐控制标准及允许负荷。

Based on the example of shahe reservoir, the text makes an analysis on circulation, management and environment and social economy development condition of the surrounding ecosystem. Then, the author carries on inquisition, data analysis and summary and makes calculation and demonstration of the safe stability of the dam ,and discusses the risking obviation and reinforcing technique. Finally, based on the existing research of sustainable development, experts" opinions and Mathematical Statistics analysis, the author brought forward an indication system suitable for reservoirs" sustainable development This system is made up of 4 first class indexes, 13 second class indexes, 38 foundational indexes. The 4 first class indexes are the dam safety evaluating index, the management index of reservoirs, the water ecosystem system stability index, the reservoirs construction effect index. The 13 second class indexes are the construction quality evaluating index, the dam running and management evaluating index, the flood control standard recheck index, the structure safety evaluating index, the anti- earthquake evaluating index, seepage safety evaluation index sign, the metal structure safety evaluating index, the engineering facility index, the management index, the water ecosystem system stability index, engineering effect index, the economic development index, the society development index.

本文以沙河水库为例，对其运行、管理及周围生态环境和社会经济发展状况进行调查，并将调查资料进行分析、归纳、总结；然后对水库大坝的安全稳定情况作出了简要的计算和论证，并讨论了水库的主要除险加固技术；最后在总结现有可持续发展研究的基础上，征集专家的意见，进行数理统计分析，提出了由4个一级指标、13个二级指标、38个基层指标组成的一套适合该水库可持续发展的指标体系。4个一级指标分别为：水库大坝运行安全综合评价指标、水库管理指标、水资源生态系统稳定性指标、水库建设效应指标；13个二级指标分别为：工程质量评价指标、大坝运行管理评价指标、防洪标准复核指标、结构安全评价指标、抗震安全评价指标、渗流安全评价指标、金属结构安全评价指标、工程设施指标、管理指标、水资源生态系统稳定性指标、工程效应指标、经济发展指标、社会发展指标。

Focusing on such several key issues of flood utilization as resources in a basin as potentiality of flood resources in a basin, seasonal variation principle of storm flood in a basin, stage quantitative description method during flood period, computational method of stage design flood and risk design of adjustment and application of limited level of reservoir during flood season, deepgoing study is conducted in this dissertation.

论文围绕流域洪水资源利用的若干核心问题：流域洪水资源化潜力、流域暴雨洪水的季节性变化规律、水库汛期分期定量描述方法、水库分期设计洪水计算方法以及水库汛限水位调整运用的风险设计等进行了深入研究，构建了利用水库汛限水位调蓄洪水资源的理论体系和技术框架。

In the traditional reservoir operation system, in general, we use the rule curve as a method of operation, and the reservoir rule curve is the result of system simulation method. Due to the regular and simple rule curve operation unable to satisfy the actual demand effectively. In order to improve the defect, there are many system planning theories and optimum seeking methods to find the optimum operation strategies. The reservoir operators are uncomfortable with the complicated optimum operation strategies. In this article the fuzzy inference model is used to establish a simple and effective operation rule for the reservoir operator.

在传统的水库操作系统中，一般都使用操作规线为操作方式，水库操作规线是系统模拟法所获得的结果，由於规律、简单的规线操作方式往往无法有效满足实际需求，为了改善传统操作上的缺点，近多有利用系统规划之理论，应用各种优选方法求取最佳操作策略，系统最佳操作策略其模式复杂，水库操作人员不易接受，故本文即以模糊推论系统建立一简单有效之操作规则予水库操作人员，作为水库操作放水之依据。

The digital clock SZZ-Ⅰ and receiver BPM are the main components of the equipment .The have been working in the large telemetric seismic networks of our country such as Chengdu and Zigong in Sichuan Province, Sanxia Reservoir on the Yan gtse Reiver,and Cheyan Reservoir in Hubei Province,Lhasa city in Tibet,and Longyanxia Reservoir in Qinghai Province.

其核心部件：SZZ-Ⅰ型数字钟和BPM接收机，先后被成都遥测台网，自贡遥测台网，丹江水库台网，西藏遥测台网，隔河岩水库，龙羊峡水库，长江三峡水库前期台网等国家大中型遥测台网选用，均获得了优良的时间服务，为台网的高可靠，高质量运行提供了保证。

After operating the method of storing clear water and discharging muddy water in Sanmenxia Reservoir, the main reason for erosion and deposit in riverway is the change of running water level in flood season .

三门峡水库蓄清排浑运行以来，决定潼关以下库区河道冲淤主要是水库运行水位的高低，汛期水库运行水位的高低对潼关高程的升降起着主要的作用，因此汛期潼关高程的变化主要由水库运行水位决定的。

The siltation , eutrophication and pollution are the main problems to the environment of the reservoirs in China.

讨论了水库环境的定义、空间结构特征；对水库环境的组成要素及其与流域系统的关系进行了分析，指出我国水库环境面临严重淤积、富营养化和水污染威胁，现阶段必须有效地实施若干水库环境整治的对策。

The analysis adopts a model entitled "the Model of Silt Souring for River and Reservoir ", calculates the model and parameters and establishes the model of disilting the regulating reservoir basedupon the data in 1967. We also analyze the density flow desilting of Fen 1 reservoir in accordance with the data from July 6 to 7, 1977 and the partial data from Guanting reservoir.

本研究采用"河流与水库统一冲淤模型"，利用1967年的实测资料对采用的模型、参数进行了验算，建立了调节水库的泥沙冲淤模型；同时根据汾河水库1977年7月6日～7日的实测异重流资料，参考官厅水库的部分资料，对汾河水库的异重流排沙进行了分析。

Firstly, the flood control regulation of TGP in Sep is computed based on the analyses on the inflow in Sep and Oct, and the risk and loss on the ahead impounding scheme is calculated and analyzed. Then, the storage level, power production and releasing discharge are achieved by computing on the electricity generation model through reservoir regulation graph. Thirdly, obstruction in channel is analyzed and the problem in the Chongqing reach is more serious in 175-145-155m scheme. The sediment aggrading process and distribution on different schemes is calculated by 1-D reservoir mathematical model. The navigation benefit is computed by navigation model. Based on above calculations, the impounding time is decided by the multi-purpose decision model, and evaluate by analytical hierarchy and balance layout model. A best impounding scheme is achieved to match the requirement of flood control electricity generation and navigation et al.

首先，在对宜昌站9、10月份来水分析的基础上，采用第2章建立的防洪优化调度子模型进行了三峡水库9月份防洪调度，分析了汛末提前不同天蓄水对防洪的影响，计算了汛末不同蓄水方案水库9月份的洪灾风险率和风险损失；接着，根据第2章建立的发电调度子模型进行了三峡水库发电调度计算，得出了不同蓄水方案下水库的坝前水位、发电量及下泄流量过程；然后，分析了175-145-155m方案下三峡水库的碍航问题，指出175-145-155m方案下重庆河段的碍航问题最为严重，通过进行不同蓄水方案下水库一维泥沙冲淤计算，得出了不同蓄水方案下库区淤积过程及分布，并通过航运调度子模型，计算了不同蓄水方案下水库的航运效益；最后，根据以上防洪、发电及航运调度计算的结果，运用第3章水沙多目标决策模型对水库的蓄水时间进行了多目标决策，并采用层次加权均衡规划模型对计算结果进行评价，得到一个能满足水库防洪、发电及航运各方面要求的最佳蓄水方案。

The Fen 1 Reservoir, as the short term regulating reservoir of SM Connection Works, also has the sedimentation problem. With the increasing sedimentation and the useful storage decreasing, the reservoir is losing the ability of regulating and a new reservoir will be needed to build upstream the river. In this case, in order to determine the operation mode of the reservoir in flood season, the joint operation of Fen 1, Fen 2 and Haoshuigou reservoir, the density flow desilting rule and the control mode of the Fen 1 reservoir, we analyze the disilting for the regulating reservoir of Wanjiazhai Yellow River Diversion Project Connection Works.

汾河水库作为引黄工程南干联接段的近期调节水库，也存在泥沙淤积问题；随着汾河水库泥沙淤积的加剧，兴利库容将逐年减少并逐渐失去对引黄水的调节能力，需要在上游修建新的调节水库，在这种情况下，进行了万家寨引黄工程联接段调节水库泥沙冲淤分析研究，主要目的就是确定南干调节水库汛期运用方式、汾河水库、汾河二库、好水沟水库联合运用的淤积形态，以及汾河水库异重流排沙规律和汾河水库的运行调度方式。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失