水平曲线

The approach takes a basis of the local statistical parameters of the logarithms of fatigue lives at the reference load. According to an assumption that the material constants in each relation are concurrently in same probabilistic level, the curves is described by a general form of mean and standard deviation curves of the logarithm of fatigue life, in which four material constants are at most contained.

以参考载荷试验数据的统计参量为基础，按照每个模型中材料常数协同处于相同概率水平原则，将曲线表示为对数疲劳寿命均值和均方差线的广义形式，至多4个材料常数。

Methods: The minimum inhibitory concentrationof Xipayiguyiy on P.gingivalis,P.intermedia and F.nucleatum was observed by agar dilution in vitro.Also,the effects of Xipayiguyinye on oral malodour challenged by cysteine was investigated on 10 volunteers in vivo.Results: It showed in this study the MIC of Xipayiguyiy for Pg and Fn was 1mg/mL,and for Pi was 0.5mg/mL.It was also found the Xipayiguyinye achieved significant effects on oral malodour challenged by cysteine.

采用琼脂稀释法，测定西帕依固龈液对牙龈卟啉单胞菌（Pg、中间普雷沃菌、具核梭杆菌的最低抑菌浓度；对10例志愿者采用自身前后对照试验，观察四种干预措施（无干预、清水、西帕依固龈液、口泰）对半胱氨酸激发性口臭的最大值水平、各时间点下降百分比及口气值的下降曲线的影响，评价西帕依固龈液防治口臭的效果。

The monoclonal antibody was produced by the method of inoculating BALB/c mice intraperitoneally with the hybridoma cells, and purified with protein A-Sepharose 4B affinity chromatography.3 Establishing of ELISA protocol to detect hBLySTwo kind of different ELISA protocols were tried to study the experiment condition of detecting hBLyS level. Streptavidin was used to indirect coating in protocal 1, but biotin-avidin system was used to enlarge the final reaction signal in protocal 2. The optimal reaction condition was chosen by the experiments. The sensitivity of protocal 1 was poor, but the linear relation of protocal 2 standard curve was excellent when the concentration of hBLyS was between 3.2~400 ng/mL. So a protocal was established which sensitivity can reach to nanogram.

建立检测hBLyS蛋白含量的ELISA方法选用2种ELISA方案对hBLyS蛋白含量的测定方法进行研究，方案一用链霉亲和素做间接包被，方案二用生物素-亲和素系统做终反应放大；优化选择2种检测方法的反应条件；方法一的敏感度较低：方法二在hBLyS蛋白浓度为3.2～400 ng/mL范围内，标准曲线的线性关系良好；从而建立了一种可检测hBLyS蛋白浓度为ng级水平的ELISA方法。

In chapter three the performance and structure of components of oxygen probe were especially investigated. The Cr-Cr〓O〓 powder was overcome by treatments. The reason of occurrence of thermal peaks on the EMF curves was explained. A water glass based cement which high temperature insulation was around 10MΩ within 10 seconds at 1600℃ was developed for the use of oxygen probe. The effects of tip end thickness of ZrO〓 tube and amount of reference electrode on response time and thermal equilibrium in oxygen probe were investigated. The optimum tip end thickness of ZrO〓 tube and amount of reference electrode addition were determined. It is found that the heat transfer in oxygen galvanic cell is the rate limiting-step in the response process. The national oxygen probe WOS Ⅱ type was designed and manufactured. By three batches of industrial tests its specification reached the level of American Celox Ⅱ type oxygen probe.

在第三章中分别从参比电极、高温绝缘水泥、插接件等组元入手，着重分析了其性能和结构，开发出了适合于钢液定氧用的Cr-Cr〓O〓参比电极，解决了Cr-Cr〓O〓参比电极高温产生收缩问题，解释了电动势曲线产生峰值的原因；开发了适合于定氧测头使用的水玻璃基耐火水泥，其高温绝缘电阻在1600℃，10秒以内为10MΩ左右；同时对ZrO〓管头部厚度、参比电极量对响应时间的影响以及定氧测头中的热平衡进行了研究，得出了合适的ZrO〓管头部厚度和参比电极加入量，确定了氧浓差电池中的传热是响应过程的限速步骤；设计制造了国产WOSⅡ型定氧测头，进行了三次现场定氧测试，其技术指标达到了美国Celox型定氧测头的水平。

Comparative study on two levels of population and modules of mutualspecies in the two stations demonstrates that feature index tend to diminish suchas height,tussock amplitude,size,number,density and dry weight;and thegrowth analysis index incline to increase such as RGR、ULA、chlorophyllcontent and effectiveness of plant multi-leaves of the populations and DULA、DUMR、DAGA and DRGRa of the modules;and the dynamic curves of thepopulations and the modules also tend to steadily increase along with thetemperature ascending,heat accumulation and combination between water andheat in moderate-temperature steppe from fierce fluctuation alongside naturalprecipitation in warm-temperature steppe,illustrating that the transformabletendency from increasing the numbers of tussocks and tillers in order to expandthe resource range to seize in warm-temperature steppe to steadily improve drymatter production function of the populations and the modules in moderate-temperature steppe.

两个不同热量型研究站点共有种种群与构件两个水平的比较研究表明：随纬度增加和气温降低，种群与构件高度、丛幅、大小、数量、密度和干重等特征指标趋于降低和减少，而种群RGR、ULA、叶绿素含量和植物多叶性与构件DULA、DUMR、DRGR和DRGRa等生长指标则趋于增加，种群与构件的生长动态曲线也从随天然降水而剧烈波动趋向于随气温升高、热量积累和水热配置状况而稳定增长，说明各共有种从暖温型草原区增加植物种群与构件的大小和数量以扩充资源利用范围向中温型草原稳定地提高种群与构件的干物质生产性能的方面转变的趋势；同时，物质与能量的分配也从较多地投资于繁殖器官产生大量后代以适应未来降水的不可预期变化趋向于同化系统的构建和干物质生产效能的提高以抵御低温和干旱对物种生存的威胁，充分显示出不同温度条件及其水热组合对植物种群形态结构和生长繁育模式的显著影响及其响应特征。

With a correction file both soundcard and microphone frequency responses are corrected to flat.

修正时，声卡和麦克风的曲线都修正成水平。

For the first time, a screw pile and pile driver system for preventing flood and rushing to deal with an emergency was manufactured. The screw piles of the system is different from screw drills used to sap, and it doesn't push soils out. Analyses, including the screw pile's structural strength analysis and the screw blade's welding analysis, were done by ANSYS, which showed that the screw pile's structural strength is enough and that the distort of the screw blade is small. Testing on the screw pile and pile driver system showed that the system performed stably and could meet the need of preventing flood and rushing to deal with an emergency. A mechanics model of interaction of a screw pile and soil was built, and expressions of torque of screw pile's cylindrical part on the condition of screw pile's crew part being driven into soil fully were gained, then the relation of the torque with screw pitch and out diameter of cylinder, which shows the torque decreases with the screw pitch increasing, and that the torque increases with the out diameter of cylinder increasing, which was according with the experiments of the screw pile's being driven into soils, and thus a screw pile with the best structure was chosen. Experiments of bionic surface showed that, on the condition of certain pressure on the surface, the protruding bionic surface can not reduce adhesion and resistance and that the corrugated bionic surface can reduce adhesion and resistance. An orthogonal experiment of the corrugated bionic surface was done with the factors including the width of protrusion, the space between two protrusions, the trolley's velocity and the vertical surface pressure and with the surface frictional coefficient as the experimental target, and some inclusions were drawn that the best combination of the factors was acquired and that the width of protrusion affected the surface frictional coefficient remarkably.

研制了防汛抢险螺旋桩机系统，提高了沉桩作业效率；利用ANSYS对桩体进行整体结构强度分析以及螺旋叶片的焊接分析，表明桩体结构强度足够，焊接过程中，螺旋叶片的变形小；对整个螺旋桩机系统进行试验，表明该系统性能可靠，工作稳定，作业效率高，能够满足防汛抢险沉桩作业基本需要；建立了螺旋桩桩土作用力学模型，得出螺旋桩沉桩过程中螺旋桩螺旋部分完全进入土体时螺旋桩圆柱部分所受扭矩以及扭矩与防汛抢险螺旋桩的螺旋导程和圆柱外径的关系曲线，表明螺旋桩螺旋部分完全进入土体时螺旋桩圆柱部分所受扭矩随着螺旋导程的增大而减小，随着圆柱外径的增大而增大，这与螺旋桩沉桩试验结论相符合，据此优选出最佳结构的螺旋桩；仿生曲面试验表明，尺寸较小的球冠突起型仿生曲面在一定压力作用下未能起到减粘降阻的作用，而尺寸较大的波纹型仿生曲面相对平板具有一定的减粘降阻作用；以波纹型仿生曲面突起宽度、波纹型仿生曲面两突起之间间距、台车的牵引速度以及叶片表面垂直载荷为因素，以曲面摩擦系数试验指标进行正交试验，寻求出在一定试验条件下最佳因素水平组合；波纹型仿生曲面突起宽度在本试验条件下对曲面摩擦系数影响显著，而其它几个因素对曲面摩擦系数影响均不显著；通过波纹型仿生曲面突起宽度和台车牵引速度的单因素试验，表明曲面摩擦系数随着仿生曲面突起宽度的增大而减小，而随着台车牵引速度的变化基本保持不变，和正交试验结果保持一致。

The typical shape of the stress-strain diagram for structural steel is shown in Fig.1, where the axial strains are plotted on the horizontal axis and the corresponding stresses are given by the ordinates to the curve OABCDE .

图1 显示的是结构钢材的应力-应变关系图的典型形状；轴向应变是沿着水平轴线绘制，而相应的应力是以坐标至曲线0ABCDE体现。

Based on the new idea management-6σ and achievements of the quality mangagement of successful enterprises,the paper modifies the traditional cost curve of quality and concludes that the most ideal level of quality is zero-defect .

在分析了新的质量管理理念——6σ科学内涵的基础上，以成功企业质量管理的业绩为事实依据，对传统的质量成本曲线进行了修正，得出了最理想的质量水平是零缺陷这一结论。

This paper analyses and discusses five means of forecasting petroleum drilling cycle in the world, including historical level method, typical cases method, learning curve method, procedure work-hour method and cyclic rating method.

综合分析了国内外钻井周期预测方法，归纳出历史水平法、典型案例法、学习曲线法、工序工时法、周期定额法等，并进行了简要分析和论述。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。