水工

The main contents of this dissertation are as follows:(1) A new networked PC cluster parallel computing environment is set up,which is simple and easy to use. The detailed method of configuration and use is presented.

本文主要在网络微机机群并行计算环境下，对弹性静力、弹性动力和弹塑性结构的并行边界元分析方法进行了研究，并在水工结构分析中进行了实际应用。

Belong to these two categories, long-term use of the buildings, known as the permanent hydraulic structures; others only during the construction period of time to play the role of buildings, such as the cofferdam and diversion tunnel.

属于这两类，长期使用的建筑物，被称为永久性水工建筑物，其他人只在施工期间的一段时间内发挥作用的建筑物，如围堰和导流洞。

Then, through the expansion ratio and strength experiments of cement mortar, which early expansive admixture and laterexpansive admixture mix each other by different compound proportion, and according the analysis of results, reasonable compound proportions are pick out as the double expansive sources admixture that are fit for temperature shrinkage compensating of hydraulic mass concrete.

通过复掺实验，对比分析各种比例之间的膨胀特性和砂浆强度，选出适合补偿水工大体积混凝土温度收缩的比例，作为本次研究的双膨胀源膨胀剂。

Then, through the expansion ratio and strength experiments of cement mortar, which early expansive admixture and later expansive admixture mix each other by different compound proportion, and according the analysis of results, reasonable compound proportions are pick out as the double expansive sources admixture that are fit for temperature shrinkage compensating of hydraulic mass concrete.

通过复掺实验，对比分析各种比例之间的膨胀特性和砂浆强度，选出适合补偿水工大体积混凝土温度收缩的比例，作为本次研究的双膨胀源膨胀剂。

New type of water chemistry for utility drum boiler and its principle and characteristic Two kinds of water chemistry's main principle and characteristic are detailedly analyzed. Against the problem of high eroding speed, high Fe content in feed water and boiler water, high scaling speed, short chemical cleaning interval, needing poisonous chemical deoxidant, etc for drum boiler's deoxidization water chemistry and difficulty of using oxidation water chemistry, a new type of water chemistry is put forward on the basis of analyzing the characteristic of whole power station's water steam cycle system, principle of two kinds of water chemistry and their practical effect in every cycle stage. Considering two water chemistry's merit, a new water chemistry called Limited Oxidation Water Chemistry is put forward, which is a local slight oxidization no-deoxidant water chemistry. And the proposed method's principle, control parameter, applying condition, start-lay up and emergency measures are initially calculated and analyzed.

三、新型汽包炉水化学工况的提出及其原理和特点详细分析了国内外现行两大类水化学工况处理的核心原理和特点，针对现行汽包炉还原性水化学工况处理所存在的系统腐蚀速度相对较大、给水和炉水铁浓度高、锅炉结垢速度快、机组酸洗间隔短、无法避免有毒化学除氧剂的使用以及氧化性水化学工况在汽包炉机组上应用的困难等问题，在详细分析电站整个水蒸汽循环系统的特点、两类水工况处理的原理和对循环中各段处理的实际效果等的基础上，综合两者的优点，提出了一种新型的局部轻微氧化性无除氧剂汽包炉水化学工况－"汽包炉有限氧化性水化学工况"处理原理，并初步计算、分析和确定了该种新型水化学工况的主要工艺控制参数、应用条件、启停与紧急情况处理等。

The experimental study on energy dissipation for Yuanmanguan Power Station was carried out by the hydraulic model test, put forward a new energy dissipator style and its designing method on five crest spillway flood for arch dam.

利用水工水力学模型试验研究方法对圆满贯工程泄洪消能问题进行研究分析同时，为百米级拱坝在五表孔布置方面，提供了一种全新的泄洪消能工体型与设计思路，即采用宽尾墩窄缝纵向水舌与连续鼻坎横向扩散的布置形式，可以使水舌在纵向与横向实现全范围的扩散，消能率提高，适应不同运行方式需要的同时，缩短了RCC拱坝施工工期，节约了工程总投资。

Therefore, studying the distribution law of the water temperature of the reservoir, no matter design and construction or research on quality of water and management of reservoir, there are important meanings.

因此，研究水库水温的分布规律，不论对于水工建筑物的设计和施工还是水文水质研究及水库的调度和管理使用，都有重要的意义。

Man , the drainer , the tiller , the builder , has settled here .

人——同时兼任排水工、建筑工、农夫——在这儿住下了。

A water-filled joint element is developed to simulate the limited cooperation between reinforced concrete lining and surrounding rock; and an equivalent method is adopted to develop the program, The reinforcement stress and the rock stresses in hydraulic tunnel with inner water exosmosis are calculated.

计算衬砌渗透系数，引入反映钢筋混凝土衬砌与围岩有条件联合承载特性的充水夹层单元模型，采用等效耦合分析方法，对水工隧洞内水外渗条件下的衬砌钢筋应力和围岩应力状态进行了计算分析。

This research uses the hydraulic model as an experimental tool. In different slopes (S=1/8、S=1/10), flow rates (Q=0.016cms、Q=0.032cms、Q=0.048cms), and the angles (θ=30°、θ=45°、θ=60°) of blocking pieces in the modified boat-passage fishway, the velocity and depth were measured.

本研究以水工模型作试验，藉由改变改良型舟通式鱼道之阻流材角度(θ=30°、θ=45°、θ=60°)，在不同坡度(S=1/8、S=1/10)与流量(Q=0.016cms、Q=0.032cms、Q=0.048cms)下，量测流速及水深以观测水理变化。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。