水土

The authors mainly analyzed the cause of formation and the status of soil and water loss in blackland, and using the grey system theory to build a model to forecast the rate of the change about physical and chemical of blacksoil. At the same time,the prevention and cure measures and new technology of monitoring soil and water loss on sloping land in blackland are presented.

就黑土区水土流失的成因及现状进行分析，利用灰色系统理论，对黑土区土壤的主要物理化学性状进行建模预测，预测出未来黑土区土壤的理化性状的变化趋势，同时论述黑土区水土流失的防治及监测的技术研究进展。

This Circular determines the position and functions of water and soil conservation and initiates a new prospect of the water and soil conservation and ecological environment rehabilitation in China.

明确了水土保持的地位和作用，开创了水土保持生态环境建设的新局面。

The soil and water loss parts is extracted from this area by the difference of spectrum feature of soil and water loss area and other ground object, the conditional expression and the simple model.

利用水土流失区光谱特征与其它地物的差异性，建立条件表达式，并建立简单模型，即可把该区的水土流失区提取出来。

Therefore corresponding pesticide management practices and water and soil losses prevention and cure measures were good for the water quality controlling. Fertilizer utilization, logging and steeper topographty of woodland which vulnerable to corrasion, excessive feed for fishery, stock raising waste, living pollution and the layout of industry caused the change in nitrate concentration.

硝酸盐氮的变化主要来源于农业上化肥的使用、林业采伐引起水土流失的增加和林地本身坡度较大易于引起水土流失、渔业饵料的过度投放、养殖业畜禽废弃物的排放、生活污染的排放和工业生产布局（区别与工业产值密度的相关性，工业产值则更倾向于工业布局对水质的影响）。

The mechanism of soil erosion at different degrees was expounded,which was caused by different cutting methods, skidding method s,and cutover land cleaning methods in forest operation techniques.

本文分析森林作业技术中不同采伐方式、集材方式和迹地清理方式造成的不同程度水土流失的机制，提出防止因森林作业而导致水土流失措施：合理选择采伐方式，避免大强度采伐，选择对土壤破坏小的集材方式，使剩余物对雨水保持截持作用的迹地清理方式。

The research results of vegetation recovery and soil erosion characteristic in corroded ditch of purple soil hills using plant-fencing are:(1) The balsamroot and giant reed can shape plant-fencing in half of year and the effect of preventing soil erosion is remarkable.

植物活篱笆恢复紫色土侵蚀沟植被及水土流失特征研究结果：(1)香根草、芦竹栽植半年即可形成植物篱笆，防治水土流失效果显著。

Using osmotic method in testing the soil-water characteristic curve of the granite residual soil, the paper introduces the steps of the experiment in detail, and points out the matters need attention.

本文采用渗析法测定花岗岩残积土的水土特征曲线，详细介绍了渗析法的试验步骤及注意事项，并对花岗岩残积土的水土特征曲线进行了分析。

Loess Plateau is locate in areas transited from semi-arid and semi-humid areas to arid hungriness area, Because of the influence of war and long-term\'s unreasonable utilization, the ecological environment in this region is poor and serious soil and water loss is heavy. The water and soil conservation ecosystem project of emphasis tributary is implemented by Yellow River Committee from 2000, during several years centralized treatment,Project Construction have got remarkable effect.

黄土高原地处我国从半湿润半干旱带向干旱荒漠带过渡的地区，由于受历史上战乱和人为不合理开发利用的影响，生态环境比较脆弱，经济发展滞后，水土流失严重。2000年以来，黄委会启动实施了以黄河多沙粗沙区为治理重点的黄河水土保持坡面生态工程的重点支流治理项目，经过几年投资集中治理，项目建设成效显著。

Tthe main causes of ecological degradation include irrational utilization and traditional economic modes which embodied population rapid growth, destroying forest and opening up wasteland, tillage in steep slope, excess graze, mangling trees, single tree variety, irrational utilizing land and low level industrial structure except for natural reasons such as water, soil and slope.

本论文依托于赤水市生态修复项目，从水土保持生态修复的概念出发，论述生态修复的理论基础，分析赤水市生态退化的机理，根据赤水市生态修复区的生态环境现状和生态修复试点县的经验，提出赤水市水土保持生态修复措施和修复模式。

A field experiment was conducted on loess farmland in Northwest China to test different conservative tillage systems, and to compare them with conventional moldboard plough practice in terms of their effects on runoff and soil erosion.

在黄土坡地建立天然降雨径流小区，采用翻斗式自动测试系统同步动态地监测降雨—径流的过程，试验研究了保护性耕作农田水土保持的效果和耕作、覆盖及压实 3种因素对农田水土流失的影响。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。