水土

But if our scan widely looks at the crowd all round, is should grousing really one party natural environment raise one party person?

但如果我们放眼望去周围的人群，难道真要埋怨是一方水土养一方人吗？

The second part give an all-around demonstration on eco-economic backgrounds of hilly gullied loess region and concluded that small watersheds are dominant landscape units that enable them to be basic for regional management and development.

第二部分综合阐述了黄土高原丘陵沟壑区的生态经济背景，指出：小流域为黄土丘陵沟壑区的优势景观单元，是区域治理与发展的基本单元；并提出区域治理与开发的生态与生产定位：区域应以水土保持、改善生态环境为新世纪的主要战略任务，国家的退耕还林草政策为区域加大环境治理提供了新的契机；在生态环境明显改善的基础上实现粮食自给，实行农牧结合，重点发展畜牧业，有选择的发展经济林果业。

The second part give an all-around demonstration on eco-economic backgrounds of hilly gullied loess region and concluded that small watersheds are dominant landscape units that enable them to be basic for regional management and development. Ecological and economic strategies for regional development are also put forward: soil and water conservation to improve ecological environment should be first-line task the region shoulders in the new century."Grain for Green"policy provides chances of accelerating development for the region. Maintaining food self-supporting based on an improved ecological environment; combining agriculture and husbandry in the production system; taking husbandry as pivot while selectively develop cash forest.

第二部分综合阐述了黄土高原丘陵沟壑区的生态经济背景，指出：小流域为黄土丘陵沟壑区的优势景观单元，是区域治理与发展的基本单元；并提出区域治理与开发的生态与生产定位：区域应以水土保持、改善生态环境为新世纪的主要战略任务，国家的退耕还林草政策为区域加大环境治理提供了新的契机；在生态环境明显改善的基础上实现粮食自给，实行农牧结合，重点发展畜牧业，有选择的发展经济林果业。

It is shown by the results of observation and analysis on the tests of water collection and saving utilization of hillside orchards located in the gullied rolling loess area that to build two encircling water collection works in the orchard to store excess rain.

对黄土丘陵沟壑区山地果园集流节水利用的定位试验观测和分析的结果表明：将果园修成&回&字形集水面，将超渗产流蓄贮，既可以减少果园水土流失，又能满足果树旱季用水；采用地膜覆盖、秸秆覆盖、绿色覆盖措施可以有效地减少地面蒸发，调节地表温度，增加土壤有机质，达到高效利用雨水资源的目的。

Haiyuan county belongs to mountainous region of Longzhong loess hilly gullied region in the loess plateau,and there are seven kinds of geological hazards types existing in Haiyuan county ,including soil erosion and water loss,landslide,breakdown,mud rock flow,unstable slope,ground collaps and ground fracture etc.

海原县地处黄土高原，属陇中山地与黄土丘陵区，主要地质灾害有水土流失、滑坡、崩塌、泥石流、不稳定斜坡、地面塌陷和地裂缝等7种类型，以及人类工程经济活动引起的地质灾害类型。

The transportation of hyper-concentrated flows in gullies is also investigated and the estimation method for small catchments is developed.

坡面面蚀和细沟侵蚀是流域水土流失的重要来源，同时也引发面源污染，加剧径流水质的恶化。

The present situation and harms of soil and water loss are described and its causes are analyzed.

阐述了鲁中南低山丘陵区水土流失的现状及危害，分析了其形成的原因。

Under the background of digital DEM of maor mountain area, and through the program of Avenue in Arcview, the result of potential ravine highly inosculates with the real ravine. With the comparison of potential ravine and real ravine, it can reflect the developing tendency of ravine in this area. Through positioning with GPS and investigation in this area, we can divide the potential ravine of this area into three forms, that is parallel ravine area steep ripe ravine area and evenness swamp area. It can provide scientific reference for forest management and tree planting, and it is a new theory to prevent soil and water loss, and carry through the ravine controlling by people.

在数字化生成的帽儿山地区DEM基础上，通过二次开发生成的潜在沟系，具有与现实沟系高度的吻合性，并通过与现实沟系的比较，能客观的反映出该地区沟系发生、发展的趋势，借助于GPS的定位及实际踏查研究，可将帽儿山地区的潜在沟系划分为平行沟系区、陡坡显沟区和平坦沼泽区三种类型，可为合理的森林经营和植树造林提供科学的借鉴，并为防止水土流失，进行沟系治理提供了新的理论依据。

In river crossing of long distance pipelines,hard materials such as mortared block stones and concrete are often used in traditional construction process for restoring riverbank.

长输管道穿越河流后，针对河流岸堤的恢复，传统施工工艺多采用浆砌块石或混凝土等硬质材料，与原河道堤岸不和谐，破坏了自然河流的生物链，而生态型护岸既可防止水土流失，又可满足生态环境要求，是管道施工大开挖穿越河流后堤岸恢复的好方法。

Remember, many organic materials such as leaves, grass clippings and chipped branches can be used as a mulch Mulches placed on the soil surface control weeds, reduce evaporation, make soil temperature cooler in summer and warmer in winter, and reduce soil erosion.

请记住，有很多有机材料，如树叶，草，剪报和插话分行，可作为地膜覆盖物放置于土壤表面控制杂草，减少蒸发，使土壤温度较凉夏暖的冬天，减少水土流失。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。