水动力学

Magnetic Resonance Sounding is the only geophysical new method of directly detecting underground water at present. In this paper the main gains of taking part in the 2nd MRS international workshop are introduced, development and progress of hydroscope and applications of MRS method are considered. On the basis of the MRS successful application in the detection of underground water, using MRS method new progress has been made in slide monitoring of Three Gorges and archeology of the first Qin dynasty imperator mausoleum for the first time.

第二届核磁共振测深国际学术研讨会概况《第二届MRS在地下水勘查中的应用》国际学术研讨会2003年11月19日~21日在法国奥尔良召开。1.1 第二届MRS 研讨会的主题研讨会的主题是：对地表下含水层MRS响应模拟；数据处理和反演；野外工作对策；数据采集和质量控制方面的经验；MRS和其它地球物理资料的综合应用和解释；MRS资料的校正和确认问题；含水层几何形状和水动力学性质特征；开发MRS 方法的前景。

On the basis of experiment results,and theory of soil water dynamics and solutetransport,mathematical models of NTT are established for the field conditions.

在试验的基础上，根据溶质运移理论及土壤水动力学原理，建立了田间条件下氮素运移与转化的数学模型，对田间淹水稻田和旱作农田中氮的运移、转化过程进行了数值模拟研究。

Experiment Validation of Hydrodynamics Model of Drum Level The experiment rig was designed, and the experiment equipment was also set up. The experiment results show: As the validation of sloshing period under different levels, maximum error between the results of the experiment and the model is within±10%. As the experiment validation of model under in-and-output flux, changing trends of results of the model and the experiment are consistent, though there is some error in sloshing amplitude, the numeric error is within±20%.

2汽包水位水动力学模型的实验验证设计了实验台架，并建立了实验装置，实验结果表明：就不同水位情况下晃荡周期的验证而言，实验结果与模型计算结果之间的数值误差在±10%以内；就有进出口流量的情况下模型的实验验证而言，模型仿真结果的变化趋势与实验结果基本上是一致的，尽管晃荡幅度和相位上还是存在一定的误差，但其数值误差在±20%以内。

The gas-cap oil reservoir is an oil reservoir overtopped with gas phase hydrocarbon that is in a unified hydrodynamic system with the underneath oil deposit and the water body.

气顶油藏是表述上方有天然共存的气相烃类蕴藏的油藏，它与下方的油藏和水体处于一个统一的水动力学体系中。

Wave overtopping against seawalls is a complicated hydrodynamic phenomena while the overtopping discharge is one of the most important factors for safety analysis of seawalls.

外海波浪作用下海堤越浪是一个复杂的水动力学过程，越浪量则是评估海堤安全的重要因素之一。

When we use boundary element method to solve problems of fluid structure interaction, large amount of calculation of Green's function and its partial derivative is required.

Green函数及其偏导数的数值计算在水动力学中起着重要作用，当用边界元法求解流体结构相互作用问题时，需要大量的计算Green函数及其偏导数。

In order to study the numerical method to solve the viscous incompressible flow with free surface, the 3-D mathematical model for steady and unsteady hydrodynamic problem had been established and closed by k-εbuoyant turbulence model. The algebraic coordinate transformation method was used to fit the free surface, the Runge-Kutta method of three step and second precision was devised to simulate the time step. A high precision up-winding compact scheme was studied for the convection term, and the generalized conjugate residual method was set to solve the Poisson equation.

为了研究粘性不可压缩三维问题的数值求解方法，本文从基本的Navier-Stokes方程出发，采用代数拟合方法处理自由表面，用三级二阶Runge-Kutta方法对时间步进过程进行了模拟，并且对对流项的高精度迎风格式进行了研究，给出了求解压力Poisson方程的广义共轭剩余法，从而建立了能够模拟有自由表面的粘性不可压缩问题的定常、非定常三维水动力学模型，并采用k—ε浮湍流模型对其进行封闭。

With the fund item sponsored by the National Laboratory of Hydrodynamics, the study on measurement method of propeller-induced pressure with using self-propulsion model has been carried out in depressurized towing tank.

在脉动压力的模型测试研究方面，本文在水动力学国家重点实验室基金项目的资助下，对在减压拖曳水池中利用自航模进行空泡螺旋桨诱导的脉动压力的测试方法进行了研究。

In the paper, we mostly studied the change of soil erosion process by a new REE tracer method, based on the theories of hydraulic mechanical subject and radionuclear tracer method, and simulated rainfall was applied to study the sheet erosion changing to rill erosion and the rill erosion process on slope land. The new REE tracer method should be useful to future studying of erosion processes on slope lands.1. Offering and testifying a new REE displacing method to study on the soil erosion of the loess slope.

本文以黄土坡面土壤侵蚀形态演变规律为研究重点，以新的核素示踪技术为手段，采用水动力学与核素示踪技术相结合、室内人工模拟降雨与稳定性REE元素示踪相结合的方法，利用先进的INAA技术，定量研究了不同雨强次降雨条件下细沟间侵蚀向细沟侵蚀的转变过程、细沟发生发育过程，为深入了解坡面侵蚀过程，建立黄土高原土壤侵蚀预报模型提供了研究基础。

Ship-handling simulators are designed on the basis of computer technologies, the hydro-dynamics, ship's manoeuvrability, etc,, to simulate the working and controlling of all types of the ship in various conditions.

摘要船舶操纵模拟器系统是以计算机技术为主，结合船舶水动力学等学科，模拟各种海区和海况、各种类型船舶及其控制系统，达到模拟仿真训练的目的。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。