水力的

According to the practical observation and result of WEPP model simulating, the rate of the soil erosion was the biggest when the slope was 18-23. The reasons were that hydraulic friction and change of the acceptant area-were decided by steep and slow of the slope.

用WEPP模型来模拟皇甫川流域坡面与侵蚀量的关系是可行的，根据试验观测及WEPP模型模拟得到结果，皇甫川地区的土壤侵蚀率在坡度是18~23℃时最大，原因主要有坡度的陡缓决定了水力阻力的大小和坡面承雨面积的改变等。

Plant water-transpiration was obtained by the hydraulic structure and environmental parameters, and the water use efficiency gave the fresh matter production that was shared among organs according to source-sink-based allocation rules and organ expansion laws. Then the geometry of the organs was computed according to their allometric rules.

模型根据植物的水力结构和环境参数计算植物的蒸腾耗水量，由水分利用效率计算鲜物质产量，依据植物器官的源-汇关系与扩展规律进行鲜物质的分配，并利用器官的生长规则计算出它们的几何大小。

Pseudoverticillata, but there was no significant change in Celtis wightii. There was no significant change in leaf area specific hydraulic conductivity K(subscript l between the two seasons in all the three species, which may caused by the adjustment in hydraulic architecture through partial loss of leaves during the dry season. In the dry season, maximum carbon assimilate rate A(subscript max was significantly lower than that of the wet season in all the three species.

除油朴的枝条边材比导率K(下标 s在旱季和雨季没有显著性差异外，尖叶闭花木和轮叶戟的K在旱季都有显著的降低；而枝条的叶比导率K(下标 l三树种在两个季节间均无显著变化。K在旱季没有显著性降低，可能是常绿树种在旱季通过脱落部分叶片以调整其水力结构来保持较高的单位叶面积的水分供应。

The sludge settling characteristic is satisfying with SV varying from 22 to 30 and SVI varying from 58 to 80ml/g.The sludge bulking problem has been avoided successfully. The excess sludge can be thickened to 3%-4 %. The alkalinity remains equilibrious between the nitrification and denitrification in SBR-BAF system. The COD and TP loading of SBR are 2.08kgCOD/kgMLSS·d and 41.68gTP/kgMLSS·d, respectively. The NH4+-N loading of BAF is 1.16kgNH_4~+-N/m~3.d. The total HRT is about 10 hours which is only about half of suspended growth process for simultaneous phosphorous and nitrogen removal. Under the above mentioned high loadings and short HRT, the mean removal efficiency of COD, TP, NH4+-N, TN is 96%, 98%, 93%, and 84%, respectively. The mean effluent concentration of COD, TP, NH4+-N, TN, SS is 20mg/L, 0.23 mg/L, 3.24 mg/L, 7.68 mg/L, 5 mg/L respectively, which means every index can meet the first class of Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant.

最后，以上述最佳运行参数控制SBR-BAF系统运行，长期运行结果表明：系统中悬浮污泥的絮凝、沉降性能良好，SV值为22~30，SVI值为58~80，不再有污泥膨胀之虞，而且可以对剩余污泥进行重力浓缩，浓缩后污泥浓度可以达到3~4%；短程硝化和反硝化使得系统可以维持碱度平衡，无需额外补充碱度；系统在高负荷(SBR反应器COD负荷为2.08kgCOD/kgMLSS.d，TP负荷为41.68gTP/kgMLSS.d，BAF反应器NH4+-N负荷为1.16kgNH_4~+-N/m~3.d)、低水力停留时间(SBR反应器9h，BAF反应器1h，总计10h，约为同步脱氮除磷悬浮污泥工艺的一半)下稳定高效运行，对COD(不计BAF加入的外碳源)、TP、NH_4~+-N、TN的平均去除率为96%、98%、93%、84%，出水COD、TP、NH4+-N、TN、SS的平均浓度为20mg/L、0.23 mg/L、3.24 mg/L、7.68 mg/L、5 mg/L，各项水质指标均达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB 18918-2002 )一级标准的A标准的要求。

Based on an analysis of distribution pattern of hydrocyclone"s axial velocity, by changing the inlet flow rate Qi and split ratio Fand making an investigation in the effect of Qi and F on axial velocity field, the factors causing the forming of short-cut circuit and circulating flow are found. It is considered that the short-cut circuit and circulating flow are produced by the structure of the hydrocyclone, and can"t be eliminated completely, though they interfere the flow field inside a hydrocyclone and affect the separation accuracy. Test results show that, by increasing Qi and F and controlling them in a certain range, the separation efficiency of the hydrocyclone can be improved.

在研究旋流器轴向速度分布规律的基础上，分析了短路流与循环流的形成原因，试验研究了改变操作参数，即改变入口流量Qi与分流比F对轴向速度场的影响认为短路流与循环流是由旋流器结构决定的，很难完全消除，它们干扰了旋流腔和大锥段的流场，在一定程度上也影响了分离精度试验结果表明，加大入口流量Qi与分流比F，并将其控制在一定范围内，便可提高分离效率这项研究对水力旋流器分离机理的认识与实际应用均有重要意义

The paper studies fault diagnosis technology based on fruticose gas pipe network which is universal in small towns,and gives a particular description of domestic and foreign gas pipe network fault diagnosis technique based on hardware and software currently. The author uses graph theory to build up hydraulic analysis model of natural gas network and presents its solution methods. Besides, the author works out the relation between gas pipe pressure and flux in unsteady condition of fluid flow according to pressure boundary condition and differential equation group, and puts forward fault diagnosis methods and steps of the fruticose natural gas pipe network of middle pressure based on the simplification of this relation.

本文针对小城镇比较普遍的枝状天然气分配管网进行故障诊断技术研究，详细叙述了目前国内外基于硬件和软件的燃气管网故障诊断技术，利用图论理论建立了天然气管网水力分析模型并叙述了其求解方法，根据燃气管内流动的微分方程组和压力边界条件求解出非稳定流动时燃气管道压力和流量的关系，并在对此关系进行简化的基础上提出了基于中压枝状天然气管网的故障诊断方法和步骤。

Some conclusions were drawn: Oenanthe javanica grew normally when TN and TP concentrations in raw water were 7.05-9.99 mg/L and 0.29-0.73 mg/L respectively; with the hydraulic load being 0.5 m^3/(m^2d), the removal rates of NH3-N, TP, and TN from heavily polluted river water by Oenanthe javanica floating bed were positively related to water temperature, and it inhibited the growth of algae stably; the mean removal rate of nutritive salt increased with the concentration of raw water.

研究结果表明，进水ρ和ρ分别为7.05~9.99mg/L和0.29~0.73mg/L，水芹菜能正常生长，在水力负荷为0.5立方公尺/的条件下，水芹菜浮床对重污染河水中的NH3-N，TP，TN的去除率与水温正相关，对藻类的抑制作用稳定；营养盐的去除负荷随原水质量浓度的增加而增大。

An analysis is also made of the moving regular of particles, the leakage passage formation feature, and the particles displacement field and so on. The internal stability of soils is studied from the perspective of gradation. Results show that the stability of soils relates closely to the shape of gradation curves and coefficient of ununiformity.

研究得到管涌发展过程中颗粒的移动规律，渗漏通道的形成特点，流速、颗粒位移场等随水力梯度的变化特点，并从级配角度分析土样的稳定性，得到土体的稳定性与级配曲线形状及不均匀系数等因素有关的结论。

The relationship of slope and upslope drainage area of the study area is S = 0.074 A-0.1895, and the gully initiation process is an interaction process of hydrological erosion, melt erosion and landslide erosion, the initiation threshold is increased by the biomass.

研究所得的切沟发育临界地形条件为S = 0.074 A-0.1895，研究区切沟发育的过程是受水力侵蚀、冻融侵蚀和重力侵蚀的交互影响的过程，而沟头植被覆盖的增大会导致切沟发育临界条件的增大。

It included the make-up and operation modes of reactor system, the selection of operation phases, the feasibility of feeding and draining simultaneously and the volumetric exchange rate, the measurement of retention time distributionin the reactor, the analysis of flow pattern in the reactor, the calculation of hydrodynamic shear force in the reactor and the analysis of its effects and the measurement of oxygen transfer coefficients and oxygenating performance parameters.

它包括：反应器系统的组成和运行模式、运行阶段的选择；探讨SBBR同时进出水方式的可行性及确定体积置换率；测定反应器的停留时间分布；分析反应器中的流态；计算反应器中的水力剪切力和分析其影响；测定反应器中氧传递系数和充氧性能参数等。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。