水分

In order to simulate the soil waterlogging status, the calculation of capillary rise from the water table and the functions of hydraulic conductivity characteristics were incorporated.

采用盆栽小麦水分试验资料验证了日蒸散量的模拟值，利用湖北荆州农业气象试验站和江苏金坛农业气象试验站的土壤水分历史资料对建立的模型进行了综合测试和验证，结果表明：蒸散量、地下水位和 0～ 5 0cm土壤含水量的模拟值与实测值具有较好的一致性，模型能可靠地预测多雨和渍水地区麦田土壤水分的变化动态

The following results were obtained: 1. Several multi-pore materials were compared and a nylon membrane was choosed to conduct experiments. 2. Two devices and methods for controlling negative hydraulic heads were developed. Coupled with the devices, a system for precise control of soil moisture udring pot experiment was developed. 3. Two times of pot experiment studying wheat seedling growth under precise soil moisture control were conducted. Some very important results were obtained. 4. Capillary rise, horizontal and vertical infiltration under different nagative hydraulic heads were observed. The concepts of "critical wetting distance" and "wetting coefficient" were proposed. The linear relationship between wetting front movement distance and cumulative infiltration amount was confirmed. Spatial distribution model of soil moisture and its simple derivation method were established.

通过该项目支持，获得了以下的研究成果： 1、比较和检验了不同多孔材料，初步选定了用于水分控制的多孔膜材料； 2、完成了两种负水头控制方法与装置的研究，并制作了仪器，与负水头控制装置配套，制作了盆栽实验用水分精控盆； 3、进行了两期小麦苗期水分精确控制盆栽实验，获得了一系列重要结论； 4、进行了不同负水头下土壤的毛管上升、水平入渗、垂直入渗研究，提出了临界湿润厚度、湿润系数两个概念，确定了湿润锋与入渗量的线性关系、土壤含水量的空间分布模型，土壤含水量空间分布的简单推算方法。

In addition, it suggested that stomatal regulation and leaf carboxylation efficiency would play roles together in modulating water use efficiency of alfalfa.

上述结果表明，水分胁迫可提高紫花苜蓿水分利用效率，但品种间有差异；气孔因素和叶片羧化效率共同影响紫花苜蓿的水分利用。

The parameters include soil water characteristic curve, hydraulic conductibility and water diffusivity.

准确获取能代表田间土壤条件的土壤水分运动参数土壤水分特征曲线(或比水容重C，土壤导水率K和土壤水分扩散率D是模拟土壤中水和溶质运动的基础。

Effect of Water Deficit on Vascular Bundle System of Rachis in Wheat;2. Relationship between Vascular Bundle System of Rachis and Rachilla and Ear Productivity in Wheat;3. In this studay, pot experiments were carried out to learn the contribution of different organs to grain weight through the treatments of defoliate, darken ear and darken stem and the microstructure of rachis in different genotype wheat under water stress.

本研究选用不同小麦品种，采用盆栽试验，通过水分胁迫处理以及剪叶、包穗、包茎处理，研究了水分亏缺下不同器官光合产物对籽粒产量的贡献以及穗轴显微结构的变化，测定了水分亏缺下小麦不同生育期叶片保护酶活性、蔗糖磷酸合成酶的活性以及光合特性等生理指标。

Experiments were carried out. The effects of defoliation on photosynthesis, dry matter translocation, grain yield and water use efficiency were investigated with different defoliation degrees and different soil water levels.

该文通过水分胁迫条件下不同程度脱叶和不同水分条件下脱叶-不脱叶的田间试验，研究了减少蒸腾器官对冬小麦光合特性、干物质转移、产量和水分利用效率的影响。

Experimental results and theoretical analysis showed that moisture movement within cooked meat during vacuum cooling consists of two parts.One was water migration within cooked meat caused by chemical;the other was water vapour movement produced by evaporation or ebullition caused by pressure drop.

试验结果和理论分析显示，真空冷却过程中的水分迁移由两部分组成，一部分为由于产品内部温度不同造成不同的化学势引起食品内部的水分转移；另一部分为由于压力降低引起的水分蒸发或者沸腾后所产生的水蒸气的迁移。

The study was focused on the amount of available water in soil, hydraulic conductivity in soil-root system from different root zones, sap flow from root to stem, compensatory effect of root water uptake, the fruit growth and physiological attibutes, evaporation and transipiration, and plant water use efficiency. Experiment plants involved apple tree, grape, peach, etc. Fruit trees were irrigated in both half root zones or water was continuously supplied to the one-half and the other half kept dry(fixed partial rootzone irrigation, F), or water was alternatively supplied to two halves (alternative partial rootzone irrigation, A).

项目通过水平或垂直方向交替滴灌、固定局部滴灌及均匀灌溉方式，研究根区土壤湿润方式改变对果树根系微生态系统水分有效性、水分传导、根系吸水补偿效应、根茎液流、生长生理状况、蒸发蒸腾及水分利用效率的影响。

The simulation result of water and salt distribution is verified using data obtained from experiment that is conducted in the greenhouse. The result indicts that good agreement is obtained between simulated and measured water and solute distribution, and simulating precision of Hydrus 2D is good enough for selecting the design and running parameters of drip irrigation system.

结果表明，土壤水分与盐分浓度的模拟值与实测值吻合良好，在模型建立正确，土壤水分与盐分运动参数选取合理的情况下，Hydrus 2D对于水分与盐分运移的模拟精度均可以满足滴灌系统设计与运行参数选取的要求。

The physical mechanism of soil water transportation is explained using fractional Brownian motion. Quantitative mathematical-physical analysis model is proposed. The analytical solution demonstrates fractal characteristics of Lévy distribution.

通过对土壤中水分输运的物理机制的分析，利用分数布朗运动解释了土壤内水分输运的物理机制，得出土壤内水分输运的定量数理解析模型，模型的解析解是具有分形特征的列维分布。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了