水准面

With the rapid development of satellite observations, we can use the altimetry geoid to study submarine tectonics and geodynamics.

由于卫星观测技术的发展，现在已能利用测高大地水准面简捷可靠地研究海底构造与动力问题。

This project also solves the problem of combining satellite altimetry and oceanphysical data, which realizes the discerption of sea geoid and sea topography.

解决了在复杂的海洋动力模式下将卫星测高与海洋表层观测数据进行融合处理的问题，实现海洋大地水准面与海面地形的分离。

The results show: Firstly, at degree 120, cumulative geoid height error is at the level of 17.616 cm with the adjusted accuracy of center of mass designed as 0 m, and errors come to 18.106 cm, 19.033 cm and 27.329 cm with the adjusted accuracy designed as 5×10-5 m, 1×10-4 m and 5×10-4 m, respectively.

结果表明：第一，在120阶处，当质心调整精度设计为0 m，恢复累计大地水准面精度为17.616 cm；当质心调整精度分别设计为5×10-5 m、1×10-4 m和5×10-4 m时，恢复精度各自降低至18.106 cm、19.033 cm和27.329 cm。

Normal gravity equipotential surface is the ellipsoid, which is the standard surface.

正常的重力等位面是椭球面，也就是水准面。

Geoid is the equipotential surface that would be assumed by the sea surface in the absence of tides, water density variations, currents and atmospheric effects.

大地水准面指与平均海表面最接近的地球等势面，它反映了地球内部质量和密度分布的不均匀特性。

Geoid: The sea-level equipotential surface to which the direction of gravity is everywhere perpendicular.

大地水准面：重力方向处处铅垂的海水等位面。

Which coincide with the mean sea level surface is the geoid.

其中与平均海平面重合的面就是大地水准面。

Use multi-faceted function to be legitimate seems fitting to the geoid, get higher accuracy.

利用多面函数拟合法来拟合似大地水准面，可以获得较高的精度。

From 1973 to present, 8 satellites with 9 altimeters are launched, and many millions of altimetry measurements have been gathered and many characteristics of the sea surface have been investigated in these missions.

本文研究的主要目的和内容是系统地总结卫星测高技术的发展历史、应用及前景；制定测高数据的编辑准则和改善各种地球物理改正的精度；研究区域交叉点平差方法以进一步提高 Geosat 、 ERS-1和 ERS-2的径向轨道精度；完善由多种测高数据建立全球平均海面高模型的理论与方法，进而建立全球海面高模型；总结并研究利用测高数据恢复海洋重力场和分离海面地形的方法，确定中国海域的重力场；探讨海陆大地水准面拼接的问题，实现中国海陆大地水准面的拼接。

Historically, datums have been based on ellipsoids that best represent the geoid within the region the datum is intended to map.

历史上，大地基准面一般基于与制图区域大地水准面最接近的地球椭球面构建。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。