水冷的

Figure 32 shows parallel cooling, in which the cooling medium flows into a manifold channel from whence it is simultaneously distributed to the individual bubbler tubes and exhausted via a common collector channel.

图32 是并联冷却器，如图所示，冷媒从分布器同时分布流入单个的喷水口，回水汇入一个收集通道。

With this model,temperature distribution is simulated in cold water storage tank.

该模型可为空调水蓄冷系统的设计和运行提供理论依据。

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The heat transfer coefficient in the different water press, water flux and compared with the actual heat transfer coefficient the error in 5%~9% are got in the tests, It is shown that the tests of the nozzle heat transfer character provides proof for rational disposal nozzles and optimizing secondary water cooling system.

通过对喷嘴传热性能的测试，得到了水／气－水喷嘴在不同喷水压力下的传热系数；实验得到的双喷嘴平均传热系数与生产过程数据计算的传热系数的误差在5%~9%以内，研究结果表明喷嘴传热性能的热态实验可以为合理布置喷嘴、优化二冷制度提供依据。

Therefore, some effective measures must be taken for the condenser in nuclear power plant to reduce the condensate supercooling so as to ensure the condensate oxygen content in line with regulations.

因此，对于核电厂中的凝汽器，必须采取有效措施，减少凝结水的过冷度以保证凝结水的含氧量符合规定的要求。

Density Functional Theory method was used to optimize the geometries of 209 PCDE molecules, 209 PBDE molecules and 75 PCDD molecules at the B3LYP/6-31G* level. Using computed structural parameters as theoretical descriptors, the forward stepwise multiple regression technique was adopted to obtain QSPR models of environmental partition properties for these POPs by using GQSARF 2.0 and SPSS12.0 for windows programs. The obtained QSPR models are as follows:(1) QSPR models for predicting subcooled liquid vapor pressure, n-octanol/water partition coefficients lgK_(ow and subcooled liquid water solubilities -lgS_(w,l of PCDEs, of which correlative coefficients (R~2) are 0.988, 0.958 and 0.959 and the root-mean-square-error of estimation are 0.134, 0.116 and 0.327 respectively.(2) QSPR models of lgPL and n-octanol/air partition coefficients lgK_(oa for PBDEs, which both contain three structural parameters. The values of R2 for the two models are both 0.997 while the values of RMSEE are 0.073 and 0.062 respectively.(3) QSPR models of lgKow and–lgS_ for PCDEs, which both have one variable (mean molecular polarizability,α). The values of R~2 for the two models are 0.978 and 0.866 and the values of RMSEE are 0.300 and 0.270 respectively.(4) The molecular structures of 24 substituted naphthaline compounds were optimized using Hartree-Fock and DFT methods at four different levels and the same means was used to obtain four three-parameter (EHOMO, q~+ andα) QSPR models of lgK_. The model at the HF/6-311G** level is the best one of which R2 is 0.9662 and RMSEE is 0.380.(5) QSPR study for environmental partition properties of PCDEs was also performed using position of Cl substitution method in which simple parameters of substitution position were taken as descriptors. The multiple linear regression was performed with GQSARF 2.0 and SSPS 12.0 for windows programs to obtain QSPR models of lgP_L, lgK_ and–lgS_ for PCDEs of which R~2 are 0.991, 0.983 and 0.965 and RMSEE are 0.311, 0.100 and 0.300 respectively.

采用密度泛函理论方法在B3LYP/6-31G*水平上对PCDEs、PBDEs和PCDDs的分子结构进行了全优化计算，以计算得到的量子化学参数作为理论描述符，采用GQSARF 2.0和SPSS 12.0 for windows统计程序进行正向逐步回归分析，建立了这些POPs的环境分配性质的QSPR模型：(1) PCDEs的过冷液体蒸汽压、正辛醇/水分配系数lgK_(ow和水溶解度-lgS_(w，l的QSPR模型，这3个QSPR模型的相关系数(R2)分别为0.988、0.958和0.959，估计的均方根误差分别为0.134、0.116和0.327；(2) PBDEs的lgPL和正辛醇/空气分配系数lgK_(oa的QSPR模型，这两个模型都包含三个分子结构参数，其R~2都为0.997，RSMEE分别为0.073和0.062；(3) PCDDs类化合物的lgK_和-lgS_w的QSPR模型，两个模型都只含一个变量，其R~2分别为0.978和0.866，RSMEE分别为0.300和0.270；(4)采用Hartree-Fock和DFT方法，在4种不同水平上优化计算了24个取代萘系列化合物的分子结构，采用上述同样的方法分别建立了四种水平上的三变量lgK_模型，通过比较得到，在HF/6-311G**水平计算得到的模型最好，R为0.966，RSMEE为0.380；(5)同时，采用氯原子取代位置方法对PCDEs的环境分配性质进行QSPR研究，建立了PCDEs的lgPL、lgK_和-lgS_的QSPR模型，其R~2分别为0.991、0.983和0.965，RSMEE分别为0.110、0.100和0.300。

Cold flow field in the precombustion chamber applying nonsymmetrical jets was investigated by numerical means. Conditions favorable for CWS ignition and combustion were analyzed. Optimal geometry and operation conditions of precombustor were presented for multistage nozzle jet and internal-mixing nozzle jet, respectively.

对本实验室发展的水煤浆偏置射流预燃室进行了用水煤浆燃料时两相冷态流场的数值模拟，探讨了适合于水煤浆点火和稳燃的条件，并通过大量的计算，分别初步优选出适合于多级气动喷嘴雾炬以及ZN型喷嘴雾炬的较好预燃室结构和操作工况。

As an important auxiliary machine of turboset, condensing equipment serves as the cold source during thermal circulation of condensing turboset in the power plant and plays an important role in security, economy and operation of the power plant, mainly aiming at condensing the exhaust steam of steam turbine into water, setting up and maintaining a certain vacuum degree in the air extraction outlet of steam turbine, and also conveying condensation water to steam generator so as to reuse.

凝汽设备是汽轮机组的一个重要辅机，在电厂凝汽式汽轮机组的热力循环中，凝汽设备起着冷源的作用，它对整个电厂的安全、经济运行具有重要作用。它的主要任务是将汽轮机排汽凝结成水，在汽轮机排汽口建立与维持一定的真空度；并把凝结水送回蒸汽发生器继续使用。

The operation of condensation equipment primarily ensures the most favorable vacuum degree of condenser, reduces supercooling and oxygen content of condensation water and guarantees the quality of condensation water.

凝汽设备的运行主要是能保证凝汽器达到最有利的真空度，减少凝结水的过冷度和含氧量，保证凝结水达到合格的水质。

Two models were developed, one for calculating the leakage rate of water from heat transfer tubes due to one broken double ended guillotine tube in the steam generator of LMFBR using the one dimensional method of characteristics, and anotherone for temperature, adiabatic spherical to columnar hydrogen bubble growth model in large sodium water reaction.

采用一维特征线方法建立了快堆蒸汽发生器单管发生双端断裂情况下，水从破裂传热管流出的泄漏率计算模型和钠水反应气泡从球状到柱状的变温绝热生长模型。沸腾是钠冷快堆安全分析工作中必须要考虑的一个问题，而堵流是众多导致发生沸腾原因中十分重要的一个。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。