氰甲酸的

Urethane adduct was synthesized from decarboxylated cashew nut shell liquid,hexamethylenediisocynate and polyethylglycol,which was then reacted with melamineformaldehyde resin to form aqueous coating material.

采用天然植物油、己二异氰酸酯和聚乙二醇在较温和的条件下反应，制得了水溶性的氨基甲酸酯加成物，以此和低醚化度甲醚化三聚氰氨甲醚甲醛树脂制备了水性涂料。

The flame retarding mechanism of MCA on POM was that formaldehyde and formate acid were absorbed by melamine resulting from melamine cyanurate pyrolysis and temperature of burning materials was reduced because melamine cyanurate sublimation absorbed heat and thermalplastic polyurethane absorbed formaldehyde and enhanced stability of POM composites.

热失重、红外和气质联用分析表明，MCA／TPU复合阻燃剂对聚甲醛的阻燃作用是由于三聚氰胺氰尿酸盐高温分解并吸热，降低材料燃烧区域的温度；另一方面MCA高温分解生成的三聚氰胺可吸收聚甲醛分解产生的甲醛和甲酸；此外，TPU可提高聚阻燃甲醛的热稳定性，有利于阻燃。

The photoproducts of CCU in organic solvents have also been identified with HPLC- and GC-MS. The photoproducts identified in methanol are isocyanato bezene, 4-chlorophenyl isocyanate, 2-chloro benzamide, chlorobenzene, 4-chlorophenyl urea, N-phenyl methylcarbamate, N-(4chlorophenyl) methylcarbamate, and 2-chloro-N-(4-chlorophenyl) benzamide.

对灭幼脲在各种有机溶剂中的光解产物作HPLC/UV和GC-MS鉴定，发现其在甲醇中的光解产物含有：异氰酸苯酯、对氯苯基异氰酸酯、邻氯苯甲酰胺、氯苯、对氯苯基脲、N-苯基氨基甲酸甲酯、N-氨基甲酸甲酯、以及N-邻氯苯甲酰胺等。

The structure of IC with wood and its constitutes was also studied by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. It shows that the reaction of IC with lignin mainly produces carbamate, when lignin contains some water, produces weak carbamide; but the reaction of IC with wood powder produces weak carbamite, and with the wood powder containing water mainly produces carbimide.

对于异氰酸酯与木材及其组分反应产物的结构，论文采用傅利叶红外谱图进行了分析，结果表明，木素与异氰酸酯反应主要生成氨基甲酸酯，含水率较低时有少量取代脲产生；木粉与异氰酸酯反应生成的氨基甲酸酯较少，含水木粉与异氰酸酯主要生成取代脲。

Part two: Using chloroformic ester reacted with potassuim thiocyanate to get thiocyanic esters. Then reacted with biological substituted pyrimidinamine to synthesize forty two thiourea compounds, thirty eight of them are new compounds. Their structures have been charactered by IR, 1H NMR and elemental analysis.

第二部分：先以氯甲酸酯和硫氰酸钾为原料合成异硫氰酸酯，再与有生物活性的取代氨基嘧啶反应，合成了一系列新的取代嘧啶基硫脲类化合物，合成的42个化合物中有38个为首次合成的新化合物，结构经元素分析、IR及~1H NMR得到确证。

This project mainly exploratorily studied that polyurethane was produced via condensation reaction between polyhydroxylated compounds and methyl carbamate, which was firstly synthesized by dimethyl carbonate and amines. The process is a green route because it turns away the synthesis and the utilization of toxical isocyanic acid ester.

本项目主要探索性地研究了碳酸二甲酯和胺类化合物反应生成氨基甲酸甲酯，然后氨基甲酸甲酯再和多羟基化合物直接反应得到聚氨酯材料，从而避免了异氰酸酯的合成和使用。

At first, urea decomposed into isocyanic acid, which interacted with ZnO to form a relatively steady isocyanate species. Then propylene glycol reacted with isocyanate species to form hydroxypropyl carbamate, and the HPC lost ammonia to form PC.

结果表明，该反应是分步进行的，首先尿素分解生成氨气和异氰酸，异氰酸与ZnO作用形成异氰酸物种，在丙二醇的作用下生成中间产物羟丙基氨基甲酸酯，然后由HPC脱氨气生成PC。

Also discussed is the research direction for development of new phosgenated products ,important among them being IPDI isophorone diiso.

简述了光气化产品开发研究方向，提出重点开发IPDI、NDI (1，5 萘二异氰酸酯)、氯磺酰异氰酸酯和较大分子量的氯代甲酸酯等光气化产品。

The source and formation mechanism of methyl carbamate in liquor covered the followings:①methyl carbamate formed by spontaneous chemical reaction of carbamide and methanol in fermented and undistilled alcoholic beverage;②in alcohol produced by grains as raw materials, cyanide precursor of grains formed into cyanate during fermentation and distillation, which further developed into methyl carbamate in alcohol.

白酒中氨基甲酸甲酯的来源和形成机理主要有：①在已发酵的和未蒸馏的酒精饮料中尿素和甲醇自发的化学反应生成氨基甲酸甲酯；②以谷物为原料生产的酒精中，氨基甲酸甲酯形成的途径来源于谷物的氰化物前体在发酵和蒸馏时反应形成的氰酸盐，氰酸盐在酒精中转化为氨基甲酸甲酯。

Using a long-term reared housefly population which is very susceptible to pyrethroid insecticides as the susceptible strain, a population collected in 1993 in Shanghai and has been treaded by cyhalothrin as the resistant strain, we bioassayed their susceptibility to organophosphorus, carbamate, pyrethroid and organehloride insecticides. We also investigated the role of metabolic enzymes, i. e. esterase, GST, MFO and of target enzymes, i. e. AChE and 〓-ATPase in resistance to insecticides. Cyhalothrin resistance inheritance, the co-toxicity coefficient of cyhalothrin and methylene dithiocyanate was also studied. The insecticides resistance in adults and larvae of houseflies was compared and the mechanism of resistance differences between adults and larvae was discussed.

本文以采自野外并经过室内多代筛选的三氟氯氰菊酯抗性家蝇品系和室内多年饲养的敏感家蝇品系为试虫，测定了抗性家蝇品系和敏感家蝇品系对拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂三氟氯氰菊酯、氯菊酯、有机磷杀虫剂DDVP、氨基甲酸酯杀虫剂残杀威、有机氧杀虫剂DDT的抗性水平，并通过活体增效剂实验和离体生化实验研究了抗性品系的解毒酶和靶标酶的变化，本文还研究了三氟氯氰菊酯和增效剂I对抗性家蝇的增效作用及增效机理、家蝇幼虫和成虫对杀虫剂的抗性差异及其抗性差异的机理。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。