氯酸

The reaction of calcium L-threonate with hydrogen bromide in acetic acid readily yields (2S, 3S)-2, 4 -dibromo-3 -hydroxy butanoic acid which was further converted into methyl (2s, 3S)-2,4-dibromo-3-hydroxybutanoate by treatment of methanol.

在化合物12上引入氨基甲酰基可用二氯磷异氰酸酯、氯乙酰异氰酸酯或氯磺酰异氰酸酯，随之引入的二氯磷酰基、氯乙酰基或氯磺酰基可分别用碳酸氢钠、N-甲基二硫代氨基甲钠或亚硫酸钠脱去。

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In this paper, the effects of different catalyst combinations on the synthesis of α-chloro-dodecanoic acid were investigated, in which a series of acyl chlorides such as 4-toluene sulfonyl chloride, dodecanoyl chloride, chlorosulphonic acid , etc.

本文从烯酮式反应机理出发，以α-氯代十二酸的合成为模型，对酰氯化试剂(对甲苯磺酰氯、十二酰氯、氯磺酸等)和质子酸催化剂(如H型离子交换树脂、氯磺酸、对甲苯磺酸、醋酸等)进行组合和选择，并与文献报道的特殊添加剂乙酐比较，研究不同催化体系在酸催化合成α-氯代脂肪酸时的催化作用。

To be different from the already chloromethylation catalyst, it has a certain amount of moisture wet, which will not produce huge amounts of doughtic cancerogenic chloromethyl methyl ether during and after the reaction.4,4\'-bisbiphenyl, 1,4-bisbenzene, 1,4-bis(chloro- methyl)-2,5-dimethylbenzene, 1,5-bis-2,4-dimethylbenzene, 4-(chlor- omethyl)-1,2-dimethylbenzene, 1,2-bis-4,5-dimethylbenzene, 5,8-bis-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene, 3,3\',5-tris-4,4\'-bisbiphenyl and 3,3\', 5,5\'-tetrakis-4,4\'-bisbiphenyl were synth- esized by using this new catalyst. Results indicated that when the reaction temperature was 55～60℃, the reaction time was 12h, the catalyst which consists of the concentration of 80%H_2SO_4, HAc and Lewis acid, the amount of Lewis acid 0.15 mol(nLewis:nbiphenyl=1.5:1), yield of biphenyl chloromethylation product 4,4\'-bis(chrolomethylbiphenyl can reach a maximum 85%.

采用这种催化体系完成了4，4′-二氯甲基联苯、对二氯甲基苯、1，4-二氯甲基-2，5-二甲基苯、1，5-二氯甲基-2，4-二甲基苯、4-氯甲基-1，2-二甲基苯、1，2-二氯甲基-4，5-二甲基苯、5，8-二氯甲基-四氢萘、3，3'，5-三氯甲基-4，4'-二甲基苯和3，3'，5，5'-四氯甲基-4，4'-二甲基苯的合成，结果表明：在反应条件为：反应温度55～60℃，反应时间12h，选择80%H_2SO_4、冰醋酸和Lewis酸为催化剂，反应最佳反应Lewis酸用量是0.15mol(和原料比为1.5：1)，反应效果最好，联苯氯甲基化产物(4，4′-二氯甲基联苯)收率为85%；在反应条件为：反应温度70℃，反应时间8h，80%H_2SO_4、冰醋酸和Lewis酸为催化剂，反应最佳反应Lewis酸用量是0.1mol(和原料比为1：1)时，反应效果最好，苯的氯甲基化产物收(来源：ABd0C论文eded网www.abclunwen.com)率为75%；在反应条件为：在反应条件为：反应温度40℃，反应时间10h，60%H_2SO_4和Lewis酸为催化剂，反应最佳反应Lewis酸用量是0.1mol(和原料比为1：1)时，反应效果最好，对二甲苯氯甲基化产物(1，4-二氯甲基-2，5-二甲基苯)收率为78.5%；在反应条件为：反应温度35℃，反应时间10h，60%H_2SO_4、冰醋酸和Lewis酸为催化剂，反应最佳反应Lewis酸用量是0.1mol(和原料比为1：1)时，反应效果最好，间二甲苯氯甲基化产物(1，5-二氯甲基-2，4-二甲基苯)收率为81.5%。

Our main products category has chloride (pivaloyl chloride, acetyl chloride, Propionyl chloride, methyl acryloyl chloride, butyl chloride, 2 - furyl chloride already chloride, acryloyl chloride, is amyl chloride, etc.) and acids (positive acid, pivalate, propionate, acetic acid, methyl acrylate, 2 - furoic acid, etc.) and so on dozens of products.

我公司主要生产的产品有酰氯类（特戊酰氯、乙酰氯、丙酰氯、甲基丙烯酰氯、正丁酰氯、2-呋喃甲酰氯、己酰氯、丙烯酰氯、正戊酰氯等）和酸类（正丁酸、特戊酸、丙酸、乙酸、甲基丙烯酸、2-呋喃甲酸等）等几十种产品。

Perchlorate esters, when exposed to impact, behave in the same manner as nitroglycerine.

高氯酸酯受到冲击时与硝化甘油类似会爆炸。

The samples were digested in the mixed acid of HClO4-HNO3 (1+3) under low temperature, and so made into transparent grass-green solution of sample.

在低温下用高氯酸－硝酸(1+3)消解样品，配制成透明的草绿色样品溶液。

The vanillin-perchioric acid was used as the chromogenic agent, and glacial acetic acid was used as solvent system.

选取香草醛－高氯酸作为显色剂，冰醋酸为溶剂。

Ferrocene and vapor is ignited by mechanical spark or electrostatic spark is most likely to occur.

其中最可能发生的是由高氯酸铵、二茂铁和水蒸气组成的混合体系被机械火花或静电火花点燃。

It was suggested that the raw waste liquid A was conditioned with hydrogen chloride to pH 4, then dosage of ferric chloride as 1200 mg/L for the rapid mixing 1 minute and slow mixing for 30 minutes, then after further settled in the clarifier for at least 1 ~ 2 hours, the effluent was treated by the oxidation with chloric acid for no more than 10 minuts in the dosage of 50 g/L or the correspond ORP value of 334 mV.

处理废液A在实厂操作流程中建议最先以降低pH值至4，在利用1，200mg/L氯化铁做为混凝剂，经由1分钟快混(100rpm)及30分钟慢混(10rpm)后，藉由混凝沉淀去除废液中之胶体，再使用50g/L氯酸钠作为氧化剂，反应时间为5分钟，氧化残余之COD，再利用ORP值为是否达334mV，藉以判断COD是否达终点。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。