氯胺酮

Objective: To investigate the antiepileptic effect of ketamine on kinded models in rats and to study the mechanism of ketamine on amygdala kindling in rats.

目的：研究氯胺酮对大鼠杏仁核电刺激点燃和化学性点燃模型的作用并探讨氯胺酮的抗点燃机制。

objective: to compare with 4 kinds anaesthesia of simplicity propofol, propofol complex fentanyl, tramadol or ketamin , and to research the reasonable dispensing of propofol for induced abortion operation.method: 200 forepart pregnant women with asa ⅰ～ⅱgrade who free will stop gestation,they were divided into 4 groups randomly :p group was simplicity propofol; f group, t group and k group was mainlined fentanyl 0.75μg/kg,tramadol 1mg/kg,ketamine0.2mg/kg respective before propofol abduction, and continuous detected map,hr,spo2 in the operation, and to note first dosage and total dosage of propofol, revival time, leave hospital time, ill reactivity in the operation.

目的：通过比较单纯异丙酚、异丙酚复合芬太尼、曲马多或氯胺酮四种麻醉方法，探究人工流产手术合理的异丙酚麻醉配方。方法：200例asaⅰ～ⅱ级、自愿终止妊娠的早孕妇女随机分为四组：p组，单纯异丙酚麻醉组；f组、t组、k组在异丙酚诱导前分别静注芬太尼0.75μg/kg、曲马多1mg/kg、氯胺酮0.2mg/kg。术中连续监测map、hr和 spo2。记录各组病人异丙酚的首剂量和总剂量、苏醒时间、离院时间及术中术毕不良反应的发生情况。

00 forepart pregnant women with ASA Ⅰ～Ⅱgrade who free will stop gestation,they were divided into groups randomly :P group was simplicity propofol; F group, T group and K group was mainlined fentanyl 0.7μg/kg,tramadol mg/kg,ketamine0.mg/kg respective before propofol abduction, and continuous detected MAP,HR,SpO in the operation, and to note first dosage and total dosage of propofol, revival time, leave hospital time, ill reactivity in the operation.

目的：通过比较单纯异丙酚、异丙酚复合芬太尼、曲马多或氯胺酮四种麻醉方法，探究人工流产手术合理的异丙酚麻醉配方。方法：00例ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级、自愿终止妊娠的早孕妇女随机分为四组：P组，单纯异丙酚麻醉组；F组、T组、K组在异丙酚诱导前分别静注芬太尼0.7μg/kg、曲马多mg/kg、氯胺酮0.mg/kg。术中连续监测MAP、HR和 SpO。

METHODS: Ninety-two patients with diabetic neuropathy, postherpetic neuralgia, or postsurgical/posttraumatic neuropathic pain with allodynia, hyperalgesia, or pinprick hypesthesia were randomly assigned to receive one of four creams (placebo, 2% amitriptyline, 1% ketamine, or 2% amitriptyline-1% ketamine combined).

92名出现痛觉超敏、痛觉过敏或针刺感觉减退的糖尿病神经病变、疱疹感染后神经痛或手术后/外伤后神经性疼痛患者被随机分组，分别使用下列四种霜剂中的一种进行治疗：安慰剂、2%阿米替林、1%氯胺酮或2%阿米替林＋1%氯胺酮联用。

We reported increases in locomotor activity with administration of ketamine in 22-, 35-, and 50-day-old mice and showed that the effects of ketamine diminish with age.

结果表明：使用氯胺酮可增加22、35和50日龄小鼠的运动器官的敏捷性，并证明了氯胺酮的作用随年龄的增长而降低；使用氯胺酮所导致的旋转与年龄的变化有关，但站立的减少与年龄无关，这种减少不依赖于小鼠的年龄

Plexus brachialis nerves block combined with ketamine propofol intravenous anesthesia used in the operation of children's arm can decrease the quantity of ketamine to reduce the uncomfortable response.In this way,the children's breath and circulation is more steadily during the anesthesia and operation.The parents and doctors'satisfactory are highly increased.

臂丛神经阻滞复合氯胺酮－丙泊酚静脉麻醉应用于小儿上肢手术，可减少氯胺酮用量从而减少其不良反应，使患儿在麻醉手术期间呼吸循环更平稳，家长及医护人员满意度明显提高。

Fifty children undergoing arm operation were randomly divided into two groups:After ketamine based anesthesia,Plexus brachialis nerves block combined with ketamine propofol intravenous anesthesia(group A, n=25), 0.25％ropivacaine 0.5ml/kg was injected to plexus brachialis,ketamine propofol was injected intravenous connected during the operation;Ketamine propofol intravenous anesthesia(group B,n=25),ketamine propofol was injected intravenous connected.

50例行上肢手术患儿随机分为两组：氯胺酮基础麻醉后，臂丛神经阻滞复合氯胺酮－丙泊酚静脉麻醉组(A组，n=25)，臂丛阻滞成功后注入0.25％罗哌卡因 0.5ml/kg，术中以氯胺酮－丙泊酚持续静注；单纯氯胺酮－丙泊酚静脉麻醉组(B组，n=25)，术中氯胺酮－丙泊酚持续静注。

Ketamine anesthesia suppressed such regions as sensory cortex, motor cortex, thalamus and callosal gyrus, which might be the key targets for ketamine action.

氯胺酮麻醉抑制感觉皮层、运动皮层、丘脑和扣带回区域信号强度，而这些区域则可能是氯胺酮作用的靶位。

Results:(1) The rats produced amphetamine CPP after treated with 2 mgkg^(-1) amphetamine for 4 days. Ketamine and low, middle, high dose rhynchophylline all could eliminate the CPP effect, and the effect of rhychophylline was increased in a dose-dependent manner. Rhychophylline itself could not induce CPP in normal rats.(2) When compared with normal rats, the NR2B expression in nucleus accubens and amygdaloid of the model rats was obviously increased. Ketamine and middle, high dose rhynchophylline could decrease NR2B expression induced by amphetamine, while low dose rhynchophylline did not affect NR2B expression. Rhynchophylline had no effect on RN2B expression in normal rats.

结果：(1)建立了苯丙胺（2mgkg^(-1)，连续4d）诱导的位置偏爱模型，氯胺酮及钩藤碱低、中、高剂量均可消除苯丙胺诱导的位置偏爱效应，随钩藤碱剂量增加其效应加强，且本身无精神依赖性；(2)苯丙胺模型组大鼠伏核和杏仁核NR2B蛋白表达增加，氯胺酮及钩藤碱中、高剂量抑制NR2B表达，低剂量及本身对NR2B表达无影响。

The 4th left rib was cut and a model of left coronary artery occlusion/release was carried outo Rats were divided randomly into 4 groups: control group without LCA occlusion (group A, n=6);I/R group(group B, n=6); ketamine(5mg.kg-1)+I/R group (group C, n=6); ketamine(10mg.kg-1)+I/R group(group D,n=6)o All rats in groups B, C , D were subjected to 30 minutes of LCA occlusion followed by 120minutes of reperfusion. Rats in group C and D were injected with 5mg.kg-1 and 10mg.kg-1 of ketamine before reperfusion, respectively. Significant electrocardiogram and color changes at the area at risk were considered indicative of successful coronary occlusion and reperfusionc Serum was exampled from left jugular vein at 30 minutes and 120 minutes during reperfusion to measure IL-6 and TNF- level by ELISA measurements. After reperfusion of 120 minutes, the heart was removed and the cardiac apex was exampled with snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at -70 C .

采用左冠状动脉前降支结扎开放建立心肌缺血／再灌注模型，健康SD大鼠24只，随机分为心包打开假手术组(A组，n=6)，缺血／再灌注对照组(B组，n=6)，5 mg·kg~(-1)氯胺酮+缺血／再灌注组C组，n=6，缺血30min后右腹股静脉注入5 mg·kg~(-1氯胺酮，10mg·kg~(-1)KTM+I／R组D组，n=6，缺血30min后右腹股静脉注入10 mg·kg~(-1氯胺酮。10％水合氯醛40 mg·kg~(-1)腹腔注射麻醉，气管切开，连接多功能监护仪记录心电图；小动物呼吸机人工呼吸，呼吸频率60次／分，潮气量2ml／100g，于左胸第四肋间打开胸腔暴露心脏，在左心耳下1mm左冠状动脉处，用丝线，眼科外用不锈钢小圆针穿过心肌浅层，稳定10min后将U型含有铜丝的胶管置于冠状动脉表面一起结扎(A组不结扎，B、C、D组结扎)；结扎开始左心室心尖部即由红色变暗，30 min后呈暗红色，心电图中出现S-T段抬高，说明缺血形成。

Lugalbanda was a god and shepherd king of Uruk where he was worshipped for over a thousand years.

Lugalbanda 是神和被崇拜了一千年多 Uruk古埃及喜克索王朝国王。

I am coming just now,' and went on perfuming himself with Hunut, then he came and sat.

我来只是现在，'歼灭战perfuming自己与胡努特，那麼，他来到和SAT 。