氯代烃

In chapter three, the activating agents of ytterbium have been examined. Barbier-type reaction promoted by ytterbium metal was examined. The experimental results shown that the yield of Barbier reaction of imines with allylic bromide promoted by ytterbium is higher than that of aldehydes and ketones with allylic bromide under the same reaction conditions. In this chapter, the reductive cleavage of Se-Se and S-S bond induced by ytterbium metal was also studied.

首先研究了金属镱的活化剂以及活化方法，接着考察了金属镱促进的Barbier反应及其在合成高烯丙基胺和高烯丙基醇中的应用，以及影响该反应的主要因素；究了金属镱促进的二硫醚和二硒醚的S—S键和Se—Se键的还原断裂，继而与氯代烃，胺基甲酰氯反应生成相应的硫醚，硒醚，胺基甲酸硫代酯和硒代酯。

Based on historical data and recent survey data, this paper studied the geographical distributions and change tendencies of contents of chlorinated hydrocarbon s and total petroleum hydrocarbons in the bivalves collected along Guangdong coast.

根据历史调查资料和近年的观测数据，比较了广东沿海近江牡蛎Crassostrearivularis体中氯代烃和石油烃含量的地理分布与时间变化。

However, the surplus residual chlorine can affect people's taste and smell, destroy the quality of water. Moreover, in the process of disinfection, chlorine can react with organic matter and produce a series of hydrochloric ether such as chloroform, bromoform, bromodichloromethane, chlorodibromomethane and so on, these matters can cause to some extent cancer to human body.

但是，水中过量的余氯会影响水的口感和气味，破坏水的品质；此外，在消毒过程中，氯与水中残余的有机物产生化学作用，生成一系列氯代烃如三氯甲烷、溴仿、溴二氯甲烷、氯二溴甲烷等，这些物质会对人体产生一定程度的致癌作用；对于以自然水源作为生活用水来源的城市必然要对水加氯消毒后才可使用。

Fe〓 is the source of electron in the process of reductive dechlorination and RCl is the acceptor of electron.

在零价铁对氯代烃的还原性脱氯过程中，零价铁是主要的还原剂，起到电子源的作用，氯代烃起到氧化剂的作用，是电子受体。

Actually, Super zinc no toxic ,no harmful itself ,no prussic acid ,benzene ,toluene , ketone, and some other affecting component ,lower voc, no rubbish will happened after using, so this can be more friendly to the environment .

强力锌本身无毒无害，不含异氰酸物、苯、甲苯、酮、氯代烃等不良组份。低VOC，施工不产生液体、固体废弃物，是对环境更友好的锌防护产品。

The dechlorination of the chlorinated hydrocarbon by electrolytic iron is based on the laws of redox reactions,the adsorption of the pollutants by tiny granular activated carbon among the iron filings ,the catalytic process of the tiny granular carbon,the destruction of the oxidational membrane on the iron surface by the active chloride ion and the effect of the tiny electric fields.

简述了氯代烃的主要物理性质和用途，认为铁屑腐蚀电池处理氯代烃污水是基于氧化还原反应、铁屑中活性炭微粒对氯代烃的吸附与对反应的催化、氯离子对氧化膜的破坏和微电池的电场效应等原理；简要总结了迄今利用铁屑去除氯代烃的室内实验和利用原位铁屑反应墙处理地下水中的氯代烃污染研究所取得的成果，认为这种反应墙是一种效果好、成本低、维护方便、有望投入商业运行的最佳方法，并指出了其存在的问

The effect of irradiation time on virous systems is similar, the longer the time, the more the production.

实验表明Fe〓的存在对光产生挥发性氯代烃有着重要影响。不同有机酸，其浓度的影响存在较大差别。

Cycling of volatile chlorinated hydrocarbon in natural systems is followed with interest by international sphere of learning.

挥发性氯代烃在自然界中的循环过程是国际科学界关注的重大问题。

The conversion of alcohols to alkyl halides was investigated using acidic ionic liquid X as halogenating agent, acidic catalyst as well as medium. The reactions of primary alcohols gave very satisfactory conversions and selectivities except for the substrates with lower boiling point,such as n-octanol and benzyl alcohol. They obtained the corresponding halides with almost quantitative yields(95%-100%).The secondary alcohols also gave the corresponding halides with excellent conversions, however, the by-products of dehydration were detected.

伯醇除某些低沸点底物外，都以高转化率(最高达100％)和高选择性(最高达100％)转化为相应的氯代烃、溴代烃和碘代烃，例如正辛醇、苯甲醇，在X中进行卤代反应得到令人满意的结果，无论氯代、溴代还是碘代得到卤代产物的收率一般都很好华东师范大学化学系01级博士学位论文(95十100%)，极少有重排产物及脱水产物被检测出来。

On this basis, chosing 15w germicidal lamp with radiation centred at 253. 7nm or 15w blacklight fluorescent lamp with radiation centred at 365nm as the light source respectively, the destruction effects of trace impurities in water by photocatalytic oxidation method using TiO〓 as an immobile phase have been investigated, and the effects are contrasted with photolysis. The investigation is mounted into Phenol aqueous solution, Hydroquinone and Humic Acid aqueous solutions、three representative halohydrocarbons coexisting in main water、the comprehensive index removal of varied trace organic pollutants in main water、the removal of residual chlorine and the disinfecting action, etc..

在此基础上，选择主波长253.7nm的紫外线杀茵灯或主波长365nm的蓝黑管紫外线荧光灯作为光源，研究了TiO〓膜固定相光催化氧化法去除水中微污染物的效果，包括苯酚水溶液、对苯二酚水溶液和腐植酸水溶液的光催化氧化以及自来水中共存的三种典型的氯代烃水溶液三氯甲烷、四氯化碳和四氯乙烯的混合光催化氧化、自来水中有机物总体去除效果以及光催化去除自来水中余氯的作用和光催化的消毒作用等，并进行了光解对比实验。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。