氯乙酸

Bromo-2′,4′-dichloroacetophenone was synthesized in three steps,w hich were bromization ,chlorination and acylation,from glacial acetic acid and m -dichlorobenzene.

以冰乙酸和间二氯苯为原料，经溴化、氯化、酰化三个步骤，制得 2—溴- 2′，4′-二氯苯乙酮，产率达 70 %。

Purified water, euphorbia cerifera wax, glyceryl stearate, ammonium acrylates copolymer, butylene glycol, copernica cerifera wax, stearic acid, sucrose acetate isobutyrate, acrylates copolymer, bentonite, tromethamine, hexylene glycol, silk amino acids, cholesterol, glycine, synthetic wax, ethylhexyl glycerin, alanine, PEG-9 dimethicone, nylon-6, lecithin, silica, simethicone, caprylyl glycol, xanthan gum, propylene glycol, isostearic acid, sodium laureth-12 slfate, ceteareth-20, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium chloride, sodium acetate, disodium EDTA, benzyl alcohol, chlorphenesin, phenoxyethanol, methylparaben, ethylparaben, propylparaben, butylparaben, isobutylparaben, may contain /- mica, iron oxides (CI 77491, CI 77492, CI 77499), titanium dioxide (CI 77891), ferric ferrocyanide (CI 77150), ultramarines (CI 77007), blue 1 lake (CI 42090), bronze powder (CI 77400), aluminum powder (CI 77000), bismuth oxychloride (CI 77163), carmine (CI 75740), chromium hydroxide green (CI 77289), chromium oxide greens (CI 77288), yellow 5 lake CI 19140

水，小烛树蜡，硬脂酸甘油酯，丙烯酸铵共聚物，1，3-丁二醇，巴西棕榈蜡，硬脂酸，异丁酸醋酸蔗糖酯，丙烯酸酯共聚物，蒙脱土，二吡喃乙酸乙酯胺，已烯醇，丝氨酸，胆固醇，甘油，合成蜡，异丁基甘油，丙胺酸，PEG-9二甲基硅油，尼龙-6，卵磷酯，硅粉，硅氧烷，癸酰基乙二醇，汉生胶，丙二醇，异硬脂酸，月桂基醚-12硫酸钠，十六十八醇醚-20，聚乙烯醇，氯化钠，醋酸钠，EDTA二钠，苯氧乙醇，氯代苯酚，卞醇，尼泊金甲酯，尼泊金乙酯，尼泊金丙酯，尼泊金丁酯，尼泊金异丁酯，[可能还含有云母，铁黑(CI 77491， CI 77492， CI 77499)，钛白粉(CI 77891)，氰化亚铁(CI 77150)，靛蓝(CI 77007)，蓝1号(CI 42090)，青铜粉(CI 77400)，铝粉(CI 77000)，氯氧化铋(CI 77163)，洋红色素(CI 75740)，氢氧化铬绿(CI 77289)，氧化铬绿(CI 77288)，黄5号(CI 19140)]文章来自网络，不代表本网站立场，版权归原作者所有，转载请注明出处！

The synthesis of 4,5,7-trichloroquinoline makes use of ethyl orthoformate, cyanoacetic ester and 3,5-dichloroaniline as the raw materials. The synthesis is completed by four steps: condensation, cyclization, hydrolyzation and chlorination. Several conditions concerned in the process are studied, the whole yield of 4,5,7-trichloroquinoline is about 53%, and the purity of it is about 96%. All the products are testified by IR, NMR and HPLC.

介绍了以3，5-二氯苯胺、原甲酸三乙酯和氰乙酸乙酯为原料，经过缩合、成环、水解和氯代4步反应制备4，5，7-三氯喹啉的方法，对相关的试验条件进行了考察，通过红外光谱、核磁共振谱和液相色谱对4，5，7-三氯喹啉的结构和纯度进行表征和测定，试验结果为4，5，7-三氯喹啉的纯度大于96%，总收率达到53%。

Two synthetic routes of Caffeine have been determined and investigated after the analyzing and trying for the literal synthetic methods. In one route, the target compound was prepared from chloroacetyl chloride through six steps, the total yield is 50.5 %. In another route, the target compound was obtained from cyanoacetic acid through six steps, the total yield is 45%.

对目前咖啡因工业生产工艺进行了研究，并分析了咖啡因工业生产中所存在的问题，本文提出两条可行的工业化合成路线：一条是以氯乙酰氯为起始原料，经过六步反应制得目标化合物，总收率50.5％；另一条是以氰基乙酸为起始原料经过六步反应制得目标化合物，总收率45％。

Basic drugs, lidocaine, benghexolum, chlorpromazine, diazepam, clozapine, internal standard of SKF525A(all of 5μg), estazdam and alprazolam (all of 10μg), are extracted from superfatted necrogenic tissues with mixture reagents of ethyl acetate and diethyl ether under basic condition, and determined by gas chromatography with nitrogenphosphorus detector.

在高度腐败及脂肪较多的脏器中加入碱性药物利多卡因、安坦、氯丙嗪、安定、氯氮平及内标物SKF_525A各5.0μg，舒乐安定、佳静安定各10.0μg，在碱性条件下用乙酸乙酯与乙醚混合液提取，经GC/NPD分析。

A GC headspace injection method for the determination of residual organic solvents such as methanol, ethanol, acetonitrile, dichloromethane, ethylacetate, 4 methyl 2 pentanone, toluene, DMF, chloroform and tetrahydrofuran in tazobactam was established.

建立了气相色谱顶空进样法测定三唑巴坦中甲醇、乙醇、乙腈、二氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯、甲基异丁基酮、甲苯、N ，N′-二甲基甲酰胺、氯仿和四氢呋喃等有机溶剂的残留量。

By the polycondensation of amino acid 5-fluorouracil -1, 3-dipropyl esters with bis (2-chloroethyl) phos- phoramidic dichloride in the presence of 〓 or in vacuo, ten new polymers containing 5- fluorouracil, nitrogen mustard and amino acid were synthesized.

将1，3-双-5-氟尿嘧啶与二氯膦甲酸乙酯或二氯膦乙酸乙酯在DMF中反应制备得到20个三元共聚物，体外抗肿瘤试验表明：含有甘氨酸、缬氨酸、苯丙氨酸和酪氨酸的聚合加显示了一定的选择性，并且分析讨论了生物活性与结构之间的关系。

The products were identified by IR,NMR,MS and elemental analysis. In our method,K.OH was used in place of NaOH to synthesize benzyl ester of 3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid,2',6'-dimethyl-4'-(n-succinimidyloxycarbonyl) phenyl-acridinium-9-carboxylate was purified on a silica gel column with chloroform/ethylacetate(4:l,v/v) as eluent and further purified by triturating with hexane/acetone(2:l,v/v).The luminescence produced by DMAE-NHS is a flash light with maximumemission at 0.4s and decay half-time of 0.9s. The luminescence intensity is 6.11x10 cps/mol,which is affected by the composition of trigger and surfactant.

DMAE·NHS的合成是本论文的关键和难点，我们对文献方法进行改进：文献方法用氢氧化钠与3，5-二甲基-4-羟基苯甲酸反应制得3，5-甲基-4-羟基苯甲酸钠，再用3，5-二甲基-4-羟基苯甲酸钠与苄氯作用制备3，5-二甲基-4-羟基苯甲酸苄酯，我们用氢氧化钾代替氢氧化钠，使合成取得成功；在合成2'，6'-二甲基-4'-苯基-吖啶-9-甲酸酯时，文献方法对粗产品进行两次硅胶柱层析纯化，第一次柱层析用氯仿/乙酸乙酯(4：1，Ⅴ：Ⅴ)作溶剂和淋洗剂，第二次柱层析用己烷/丙酮(2：1，Ⅴ：Ⅴ)作溶剂和淋洗剂，按照文献方法得到的不是所需要的化合物，我们只进行第一次柱层析纯化，然后用己烷/丙酮(2：1，Ⅴ：Ⅴ)进行研磨，过滤，洗涤，除去溶于己烷/丙酮(2：1，Ⅴ：Ⅴ)的部分，得到所需要的产品。

Synthesis 3,5-dihydroxytoluene by ethyl acetoacetate and diketene as material(yield 6%),by 3-methyl-4-chlorophenol and KOH as material(yield 30-40%)respectively,It was solved for product separation and purify.

分别以乙酰乙酸乙酯与双乙烯酮为原料(收率6%)、3-甲基-4-氯苯酚与氢氧化钾为原料(收率30-40%)合成了3，5-二羟基甲苯，解决了产品分离纯化问题。3-甲基-4-氯苯酚路线进行了中试，中试收率为20%。

In the current study, anoxic dechlorinations of p, p'-DDT,γ-HCH, HCB in the Liao River sediment were studied under the following conditions: without any additional short chain carbon substrates or vitamin B〓; with the addition of short chain carbon sources (including sodium lactate, sodium propionate or sodium acetate); with the addition of vitamin B〓; with the addition of both short chain carbon substrates and vitamin B〓, with the addition of sodium dodecyl sulfate , a kind of surfactant; the coexistence of the three chlorinated compounds.

本文分别采用不外加碳源和维生素B〓外加碳源（包括乳酸钠、丙酸钠或乙酸钠）、外加维生素B〓以及同时外加碳源和维生素B〓的方法，考察了p，p'-DDT、γ-HCH和HCB三种氯代有机污染物单独或混合存在下，在辽河沉积物中缺氧脱氯降解的情况，主要得到以下结论

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。