氨化合物

The purpose of this paper is to synthesize some phosphonium salts with PPh3 and some chiral quaternary ammonium salts with L-Valine. And we also use L-Valine and L-Phe-OMe to synthesize a new type catalyst —2,5-diketopiperazine , the simplest compound of cyclo-peptide.

本文利用廉价易得的三苯基磷和手性L-缬氨酸作为起始原料，合成了几种普通季鏻盐和手性季铵盐，并且利用L-缬氨酸与L-苯丙氨酸甲酯反应，合成了一种新型的相转移催化剂——2，5-二酮哌嗪环类的化合物。

The synthesis of the pentacyclic skeleton of Et-743 and the construction of the five chiral centers thereof.1. The core pentacyclic skeleton of phthalascidin was constructed with L-dopa as the starting material via thirteen steps. First, two basic synthons, the C-1 functionalized tetrahydroisoquinoline compounds 8 and N-protected Z-dopa derivative 9, were prepared from L-dopa. They were coupled via amide bond to form the dipeptide compounds 10, which were the first key intermediates. Then the primary hydroxyl groups were transformed into the corresponding amino aldehydes 11 via Swern oxidation. Followed by the intramolecular Pictet-Spengler cyclization, the pentacyclic compounds 12 were synthesized.

五环骨架的构建及五个正确手性中心的确立：1.1我们以L-多巴为起始原料，经过多步官能团保护和转化合成了基本结构单元8然后和苯丙氨酸衍生物9，通过缩合反应生成酰胺中间体10，经Swern氧化得到醛化合物11，然后再次利用分子内改良的Pictet-Spengler反应一步构建c，d两环，得到五环骨架化合物12，最后，实现了21-位羰基向氰基的转化，得到了C-1位官能化的化合物14，化合物14不但具有和Et-743一致的五环骨架，而且分子中五个手性中心立体构型也与其完全相同：其中，3，位和13，位的手性中心由原料L-多巴带入，而1，位，11，位和21，位手性中心则通过不对称诱导而确立。

In these reactions the alkyl and alkyloxy groups in the 4-positions are displaced by the arylamino-group. Since the enzyme tyrosinase exits in melanoma cells and it is uniquely associated with melanocytes, which suggested a highly focused drug delivery system.

基于该反应机理，设计了酪氨酸酶的三个前药模型化合物并进行了体外模型实验，即以酪氨酸酶的底物苯酚和邻氨基苯酚作为药物布洛芬和5—氟脲嘧啶的载体，经酪氨酸酶和亲核试剂的作用，实现药物的释放。

Both three-dimensional chiral compounds have intriguing chiral channels, which are built up of homochiral intertwined double helices. The circular dichroism spectra of 1 and 2 in water have shown they are stable in solution, which document they will be significantly useful in asymmetric catalysis and chiral medicine.

以Keggin结构多金属氧酸盐为建筑单元，通过手性的铜-脯氨酸配合物作为模板剂构筑了2个基于Keggin结构多金属氧酸盐的3D纯手性化合物，化合物1和2是一对对映体，代表了世界上第一例3D手性多酸化合物，具有由同手性螺旋缠绕形成的手性孔道，水溶液中的圆二色谱表征这个3D手性化合物可稳定存在，显示这个物种可以在不对称催化及手性药物方面有潜在的巨大的应用价值。

Leucamide A, a bioactive cyclic heptapeptide containing a unique mixed 4,2-bisheterocycle tandem pair consisting of a methyloxazole and thiazole subunit was first isolated from Australian marine sponge Leucetta microraphis.

Leucamide A是从澳大利亚海绵Leucetta microraphis中分离而得到的一种天然环肽化合物，由氨基酸及氨基酸衍生物组成：L—亮氨酸，噁唑，L-丙氨酸，甲基噁唑，噻唑，L—缬氨酸和L-脯氨酸。

OBJECTIVE To study the specific absorptivity and the formation ratio of ampicillinum natricum and p nitrophenol charge transfer compound.

目的 研究氨苄西林钠与对硝基苯酚形成电荷转移化合物的表观百分吸收系数、形成比及不经分离测定注射用氨氯青霉素钠中氨苄西林钠的含量的方法。

But the effluent ammonium in the anoxic reactor, where enough NO2 were present, was equal to the blank system, and no ammonium was converted to such nitrogen compounds as NO2- and N2 by Nitrosomonas eutropha using NO2 as electron acceptor, which maybe caused by lack of the function bacteria. There were two ANAMMOX reaction pathways in the one-stage autotrophic nitrogen removal system. One way was that after part of NH4+ was oxidized to NH2OH under aerobic conditions, NH2OH and NO2- were converted to N2O under anaerobic conditions, at last N2O was further converted to N2 which realized the nitrogen removal; Another way was that at first NO2- was reduced to NH2OH, NH2OH reacted with NH4+ to form N2H4, which was further converted to N2 subsequently, realizing the nitrogen removal.

结果表明：单级自养脱氮系统内6.72%的氨氮是通过吹脱等物化作用去除的，不超过6.02%的氨氮是通过传统硝化反硝化途径去除的，87.26%左右的氨氮是由自养脱氮途径去除的，自养脱氮反应起主要脱氮作用；在足够NO2存在且缺氧的条件下，单级自养脱氮系统内的出水氨氮浓度与空白反应器相当，NH4+并没有被亚硝化单胞菌以NO2为电子受体氧化为NO2-和N2等化合物而得以去除，可能是因为系统内不存在该代谢功能的亚硝化功能菌；单级自养脱氮系统内存在两条ANAMMOX反应途径：其中一条途径即NH4+在好氧条件下被氧化为NH2OH后，生成的NH2OH与系统内的NO2-在缺氧条件下被转化为N2O，N2O则进一步被转化为N2而实现氮的去除；另外一条途径即NO2-首先被还原为NH2OH，生成的NH2OH则与系统内的NH4+反应生成N2H4，N2H4继续被转化为N2而实现氮的去除。

In this paper, it is reported that five amino acids'compounds which are S-carboxymethyl-L-Cysteine, Erdosteine, L–Citrulline, L-Homocitrulline and Ornithine respectively.

本文以化学方法合成了五种氨基酸化合物，分别为：羧甲基半胱氨酸、厄多司坦、L-瓜氨酸、L-高瓜氨酸和鸟氨酸。

Results:Significant differences in energy and 26 kinds of nutrients such as protein,lipid,carbohydrate,calcium,zinc,selenium,magnesium,copper,manganese,natrium,kalium,iron,vitamin A,vitamin B1,vitamin B2,vitamin C,vitamin PP,vitamin E,and eight kinds of essential amino-acids were shown between recommend dietary allowance and daily food intake(P.01).The intake of iron and vitamin E was enough,whereas the intake of energy and other nutrients was not enough.

结果：热能和26种营养素，如蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物、钙、锌、硒、镁、铜、锰、钠、钾、铁、维生素A、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素C、维生素PP、维生素E和8种必需氨基酸(异亮氨酸、亮氨酸、赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、苯丙氨酸、苏氨酸、色氨酸、缬氨酸)的摄入量与每人每天营养素标准供给量比较，均有显著性差异(P.01)，其中只有铁和维生素E摄入尚足。

In the protein of barley, the contents of Glu, Pro, Phe, Arg are high, and the Limitation amino acids are Met and Trp. The content of Lys in barley is higher than that in wheat, which showed it had a good nutrition quality. The reason for barley protein unforms gluten net tissue was the content less of prolamine and glutein in the protein of barley. The one of main factors for barley showing high biological activity functions might lie in its high β-glucan and polyphenol chemical compound content.

大麦蛋白质中谷氨酸、脯氨酸、苯丙氨酸和精氨酸含量较高，限制性氨基酸为蛋氨酸和色氨酸，赖氨酸的含量高于小麦的，表现出较好的营养品质；大麦蛋白质组分中醇溶蛋白和麦谷蛋白含量较低，是其不能形成面筋网络组织的主要原因；大麦中含有β-葡聚糖和多酚类化合物是其生理活性功能较强的主要因素之一。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。