氧化铥

Lanthanides belong to the sixth cycle of the periodic table Ⅲ B family, are all solid metal, they are La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, and lutetium were 15 kinds of metals and their periphery are two layers of electronic 5d16s2, while the peripheral third layer f orbital but never zero to 14, so the external electronic structure of 4f0-145d16s2, and therefore these elements in oxidation number are to 3, very close chemical properties, extraction, when it is difficult to separate them they are mostly multi-element mineral mix, more difficult to increase refining, and their atomic number of 57-71, one by one to increase the number of protons the nucleus, and thus extranuclear electron of gravity is also growing, so that atomic radius decreases with increasing atomic number Z, which makes lanthanides contraction, ionic radius is also reduced, which also makes Zr, Hf, Nb and Ta, Mo and W, the atom and ionic radius very close to each other they also determine a similar nature, resulting in difficult separation, also the tribe Ⅷ of the fifth cycle, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, and the sixth cycle, osmium, iridium, platinum is very similar in nature, thus The six elements, said platinum group elements.

镧系元素属于周期表第六周期中ⅢB族，全部是固体金属，它们是镧、铈、镨、钕、钷、钐、铕、钆、铽、镝、钬、铒、铥、镱和镥共十五种金属元素，它们的外围两层的电子均是5d16s2，而外围第三层的f轨道电子却从零增加到14个，所以外围电子结构为4f0－145d16s2，而使这些元素氧化数均为＋3，化学性质极为接近，提炼时很难分开，它们的矿石又大多是多种元素混在一起的，更增加提纯难度，它们的原子序数为57－71，核内质子数逐个增加，因而对核外电子引力也不断增强，使原子半径随原子序数Z增加而减小，这就使镧系元素收缩、离子半径也缩小，这也使得Zr和Hf，Nb和Ta、Mo和W等原子和离子半径都很接近、也决定了它们彼此性质类似，以致难以分离、也使第Ⅷ族中第五周期的钌、铑、钯和第六周期的锇、铱、铂在性质上极为相似，因而称这六个元素为铂系元素。

Target transformation factor analysis was used to correct spectral interference in inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry for the determination of rare earth impurities in high purity thulium oxide.

将目标因子分析用于电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱分析对高纯氧化铥中稀土杂质的测定及光谱重叠干扰校正。

These CRM's are for analysis of cerium、gadolinium、dysprosium、erbium、holmium、thullium、ytterbium and lutecium oxide by microbeam methods.

SI 0.8 此类标样用于氧化铈、氧化钆、氧化镝、氧化铒、氧化钬、氧化铥、氧化钇和氧化镥的微束分析。

We specialize in Peridot, Garnet, Aquamarine, White topaz, Blue topaz, Amethyst, Citrine, Smoky quartz, Ruby, Sapphire on natural gemstone, and white cubic zircornia, Colored cubic zirconia, Glass, Thulium, Corundum, Spinel on synthetic gemstone.

我们专注于橄榄石，石榴石，海蓝宝石，白黄玉，蓝黄玉，紫水晶，黄，烟晶，红宝石，蓝宝石对天然宝石，白立方zircornia ，彩色立方氧化锆，玻璃，铥，刚玉，尖晶石合成宝石。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。