氧化钛

Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was used to investigate the electrical response of the cells under excitation with an alternating current voltage source was measured and analyzed in a wide frequency range (10 mHz-100kHz).

因为目前所使用的染料和电解液都是针对二氧化钛所开发的，虽然氧化锌具有比二氧化钛更有好的光电性质，但目前氧化锌染料敏化太阳能电池的转换效率仍无法超越二氧化钛。

The experiments show that TiO〓 nanowire arrays have higher photodecomposition efficiency than TiO〓 film. It is due to not only their higher surface area, but also their wider energy gap. 6. Ordered NiO nanowire arrays embedded in anodic alumina membranes have been prepared by using an electrochemical deposition method. Thermogravimetry curve shows that NiOH embedded in AAO decomposed slowly compared to thin film.

可能存在两个原因：氧化钛纳米丝具有比氧化钛纳米膜更大的比表面积；氧化钛纳米丝的光学带隙大于氧化钛纳米膜的，带宽的增加，使得价带电子电位变得更正，导带电位变得更负，这实际上增加了光生电子和空穴的氧化还原能力，提高了半导体光催化氧化有机物的活性。

N-doped TiO2 nanotubes absorb visible light distinctly, and showed higher efficiency of photocatalytic activity than TiO2 nanotubes by model experiment of degradation of the solution of Safranine T.

结果表明，用模板法制备的二氧化钛纳米管管径均匀、可控且排向一致，从DRS光谱可以推测出氮掺杂后的二氧化钛纳米管在可见光区有较强的吸收，并且与二氧化钛纳米管相比氮掺杂的二氧化钛纳米管的降解碱性藏花红溶液的效率更高。

In this thesis, three major achievements were made in theoretical study: conditions and rules for preparing nano-powders by chemical precipitation are analyzed from the point of view of thermodynamics and kinetics, the principle, standards and experimental method for the aqueous dispersion of nano-scaled metal oxide powders were proposed and verified, mathematical model of nano-filming addition of dopants by chemical coprecipitation was established. In experimental research, nm-ZnO, nm-Bi〓O〓, nm-Co〓O〓 and nm-MnO powder with spherical shape, narrow particle size distribution and small particle size were prepared successfully, highly stable and dispersive aqueous suspensoid of nm-ZnO, nm-TiO〓, nm-Co〓O〓 and nm-MnO powder were prepared successfully and surface modification on these nano-powders was also achieved, 0-3 nanocomposite ZnO varistors with nm-ZnO, nm-TiO〓and nm-MnO respectively were prepared successfully by conventional mechanical attrition, and exhibited much better electrical properties than those of conventional varistors.

综上所述，本文在理论研究方面取得了三项成果：（1）从热力学和动力学角度推导并分析了液相化学沉淀法制备纳米粉体的反应条件和规律，（2）提出了纳米氧化物的水分散体系的设计原理、规范和通用实验步骤，（3）提出了共沉淀的数学模型和计算方法；在实验方面所取得的成果有：（1）成功制备了粒度小、分布窄、形貌对称的纳米氧化锌、纳米氧化铋、纳米氧化钴和纳米氧化亚锰，（2）成功地制备了纳米氧化锌、纳米二氧化钛、纳米氧化钴和纳米氧化锰的高稳定分散悬浮液并实现了干粉体的表面改性，（3）成功地进行了纳米氧化锌、纳米二氧化钛和纳米氧化锰对压敏电阻的0—3复合掺杂实验，试样性能远优于常规压敏电阻，为实现压敏电阻的高能高压化提供了新的方法和思路。

The morphology and microstructure characteristics of the apertured silver doped TiO2 microtubes were characterized by means of the X-ray powder diffraction, thermal analysis, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and N2 absorption.

氮吸附的结果显示该样品具有很高的比表面积，银的修饰没有显著影响二氧化钛微管的孔结构； XRD的表征结果显示，银修饰的二氧化钛多孔微管具有良好的锐钛矿晶型； XPS的分析结果表明银以游离的金属态存在； TEM的观测结果显示，银团簇沉积于二氧化钛纳米晶粒的表面。

Composition of suspension will chang from titanium monoxide to titanium dioxide during standstill procedure. Experimental results show that the proposed method can successfully prepare the anatase phase of titanium dioxide .In the photocatalysis experiment, the prepared titanium dioxide nanofluid absorbs the Ultraviolet when light wavelength was 360 to 380 nm. Adsorption experimental results show that the efficiency of absorbing methylene blue using TiO2 is higher than that for TiO2 (Degussa P-25) or ZnO. Depigmentation of methylene blue experimental using TiO2 can depigmentize methylene blue reach 100% in 60 min.

悬浮液所含之奈米颗粒在静置过程中，成份方面会由似一氧化钛转变为二氧化钛；在结晶组成方面，所制备之二氧化钛颗粒之结晶组成为锐钛矿结构；在光催化方面，所制备之奈米二氧化钛悬浮液在光波长360nm~380nm时产生吸收紫外光现象，在吸附实验中本制程所制备的二氧化钛颗粒的吸附效果优於商用的二氧化钛及氧化锌，在亚甲基蓝的脱色实验中本制程所制备的二氧化钛颗粒能在60分钟内达到脱色率100%。

While in photoreduction of Cr , the titania-modified MCM-41 photocatalysts were more photoactive than the titania-silica composite (25％ TiO〓).

在光催化降解苯酚中氧化钛修饰MCM-41的光催化活性虽然不及结晶的锐钛矿相纳米氧化钛，但是仍具有较高的催化活性；在光催化还原Cr到Cr反应中氧化钛修饰MCM-41的光催化还原性明显高于部分结晶的TiO〓-SiO〓（25wt％TiO〓）复合氧化物。

Using titanyl sulfate as the TiO_2 source,the experiments for synthesizing TiO_2 nanoparticles were carried out by detonating the mixed explosives composed of the TiO_2 precursor,ammonium nitrate(NH_4NO_3)and cyclortrimethylenetrinitramine,the structures and properties of the as-prepared TiO_2 nanoparticles were also characterized, meanwhile in combination with detonation theory and experimental measurement,detonation parameters,such as detonation heat,detonation temperature were calculated,and detonation velocity was also measured.

以硫酸氧钛为钛源，引爆由氧化钛前驱体、硝酸铵和黑索金组成的混合炸药，进行爆轰合成氧化钛纳米粉的实验研究，对纳米氧化钛的结构和性质进行表征；结合爆轰理论计算和实验测量得到爆热、爆温和爆速等爆轰参数。

Nano-TiO2 reaches also to the vadose zone when content is lower. Cement paste admixing with semiconductor nano-TiO2 has mechano-electric effect, specific resistance changing is 7%～10%, however, that with non-semiconductor nano-TiO2 has not mechano-electric effect.

纳米氧化钛在较小掺量即可进入渗流区；金红石相纳米氧化钛水泥石不具备力电耦合效应；而复合具有半导体特性的锐钛相纳米氧化钛的水泥石具有力电耦合效应，一次加载至破坏，其电阻率变化率在7%～10%。

In the end, the synthesis condition and influential factors of PU-titania (TiO2) process, such as manufacturing sol (including the amount of water, the amount of PU/Titanium butyrate, the concentration of the solution, the pH value, the kind of alcohol), aging process, theoretical analysis of the dipping process, dry and heat treatment of the gelation, were also discussed especially. FT-IR、SEM、TEM、DLS techniques were applied to analyze and study the reaction mechanism and watch the surface and section of the PU-TiO2 membrane. According to above, it was inferred that PU-TiO2 membrane (containing K600) was better composite.

本文采用原位合成法制备了聚氨酯-二氧化钛水分散复合体，并着重对影响制备稳定透明的复合体的因素（包括加水量、醇的加入量、pH值、聚氨酯/钛酸四丁酯投入量、醇种类）进行讨论，利用红外光谱技术分析聚氨酯-二氧化钛分散复合体的结构，动态光散射技术与扫描电镜分别表征复合分散体的粒径大小与分布及复合膜的表面形态，结果显示含K600的聚氨酯-二氧化钛体系复合情况良好。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。