氧化还原

In the one half part, according to the strontium nature, thermodynamic calculation of correlative reaction and the principle of the vacuum aluminothermy reduction process, with the laboratory findings of preparation strontium by vacuum aluminothermy reduction compared and analyzed in different parameter conditions, a variety of factors which effect the decomposition rate of SrCO_3 and the percent reduction of strontia are gotten out. The factors include that the decomposition rate of SrCO_3 is influenced by different addition and pressure. They also include that the percent reduction of strontia is influenced by excess coefficient of reducing agent aluminium powder, the particle size of raw material or reducing agent, the pressure of barbecuing, temperature and reduction time. According to those, we can draw the conclusion as follows:(1) Decomposition temperature of SrCO_3 is decreased by adding carbon and alumina in different degree.(2) With quantitative carbon added under the vacuum condition, the decomposition temperature of SrCO_3 is decreased obviously, which can fall 150℃ compared with atmospheric pressure.(3) In keeping 1150℃ of 2.5h, under the 5Pa vacuum condition, the decomposition rate of SrCO_3 nearly keeps in 99% steadily.

在前半部分的真空铝热还原法中，根据锶的性质、相关反应的热力学计算及真空铝热还原法原理，通过对不同参数条件下的真空铝热还原法生产金属锶的实验结果的分析比较，得出了影响SrCO_3的分解率和氧化锶的还原率的种种因素，具体因素包括不同添加剂、不同气压对SrCO_3分解率的影响，还原剂铝粉的过量系数、原料与还原剂的粒度、制团压力、温度和还原时间等对氧化锶还原率的影响，得出具体结论如下：(1)添加碳和Al_2O_3能不同程度的降低SrCO_3的分解温度；(2)真空条件下加入一定量的碳可显著降低SrCO_3的分解温度，比之常压下可降低150℃之多；(3)在1150℃恒温2.5h、真空度达到5Pa的条件下，SrCO_3的分解率几乎保持稳定在99％；(4)氧化锶的还原率随还原剂过量系数的增大而增大，但是趋势越来越小，当过量系数超过25％后，氧化锶的还原率几乎不再增加；(5)氧化锶的还原率随原料与还原剂的粒度的变细而增加；(6)氧化锶的还原率随制团压力的增加而增加，但超过一定值后，氧化锶的还原率反而会下降；(7)氧化锶的还原率随还原温度的升高而增加；(8)氧化锶的还原率随还原时间延长而增加，在本实验条件下，超过2.5h趋于稳定。

Ascorbate is concomitantly oxidized to monodehydroascorbate. Some monodehydroascorbate radicals are re-reduced in a reaction catalyzed by monodehy- droascorbate reductase, but the remainder undergoes spontaneous dismutation to ascorbate and dehydroascorbate.

在抵抗氧化胁迫的反应中，抗坏血酸自身被氧化为单脱氢抗坏血酸，一部分单脱氢抗坏血酸在单脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶的催化作用下还原为抗坏血酸，另一部分单脱氢抗坏血酸的在歧化作用下被不成比例地还原为抗坏血酸或氧化为脱氢抗坏血酸。

The novel vacuum furnace is employed in laboratory study. Compared with atmosphere magnesium carbothermic reduction furnace, this new one has the merits of high automation, easy manipulation and fine safety. Vacuum coking, vacuum carbothermic reduction process and magnesium vapory condensation process can be carried out in a furnace.

小型实验结果证明：还原温度升高，还原时间延长，氧化镁还原率增大，添加适量的氟化物对还原反应有促进作用；还原过程中真空度随时间的变化具有规律性，由此可以判断还原反应进行的速度与程度；真空中煤还原氧化镁的条件是：配料时保证C：MgO=3：1，并加入占总料重10％的氟化钙作为催化剂，尽可能的提高反应温度至1500℃以上，保温30～40分钟。

F. On the other hand, as the gas with high oxidizability introduced to pre-reduction process, it will give a lower reductibility of iron ore and as the ore come to the final process the burden of the final reduction vessel will be heavier, the refractories of it will be corroded seriously and the campaign-life of it will be shorter.

终还原排出的煤气可以供预还原使用，由于排出煤气温度较高，需要降温才能供预还原炉使用，在此过程中煤气的物理热未被利用，这是目前熔融还原工艺能源消耗普遍大于高炉工艺能源消耗的主要原因；同时排出煤气氧化度较高，影响到矿石的预还原率较低，铁浴终还原的负担较重，终还原炉渣对炉衬的侵蚀严重，影响到铁浴终还原炉的寿命。

The ratios of k~1 and k~2 varied within the range of 4.24～133, which showed that the control step for oxidation of CO over REFeO~3 was the reoxidation step of reduced catalyst.

催化剂用CO还原的速率常数k~1比还原了的催化化剂用O~2再氧化速率常数k~2要大， k~1/k~2值在4.22～133之间，这说明在REFeO~3上CO氧化的控制步骤为还原催化剂的再氧化。

The presence of BaO affected the TPR performance of Co/SiO2, and Ba loading of 2% increased the reduction degree of Co/SiO2 at the moderate temperature (450℃). The difference of the TPR performance between unpromoted and promoted catalyst samples could be ascribed to the induction of the reduction of BaO, and the interactions between barium oxide and silica, barium oxide and cobalt oxide.

研究结果表明，氧化钡明显地影响Co/SiO2的还原性能；添加2%氧化钡提高了Co/SiO2在中温(450℃)条件下的还原度；氧化钡的还原对Co/SiO2还原的诱导、氧化钡与氧化硅及与氧化钴之间的相互作用是导致Co/SiO2还原性能变化的原因。

The reduction performance s of both unreduced ZA-5 and pre-reduced ZA-5H ammonia catalyst with large particle size as used in industry were measured by thermogravimetry (NET-ZSCH STA 449C).

采用热分析方法，研究了工业粒度ZA-5型氧化态和预还原态氨合成催化剂的还原性能，考察了还原温度、压力、空速、催化剂粒度、气体组成对还原速率和还原后催化剂活性的影响，提出了ZA-5催化剂的还原粒度效应及其工业还原过程中优化条件的基本原则。

And we also get the fact that many vat dyestuffs can not be suitable for spun-dyed for viscose as dyed-reagents with the way of "reducing-oxidizing", such as C.I. Vat Blue 6, C.I. Vat Red 29, C.I. Vat Black 29, C.I. Vat Orange 1, C.I. Vat Brown 3 and so on. But some vat dyestuffs have a stable color, such as C.I. Vat Green 3, C.I. Vat Black 8 and so on.

通过实验可知，还原蓝BC、还原大红R、还原灰BG、还原金黄RK、还原棕R等还原染料，在高浓度碱剂、带碱氧化等加工条件下会产生不可逆的色光变化，而且变化程度较大，使得这些染料均不能以&还原－氧化&方式应用于粘胶的纺液着色加工，而还原橄榄绿B、还原灰M等染料受高浓度碱剂、带碱氧化等因素的影响较小，色光较为稳定。

Consequentially , the Dct could be increased to about 10-5-10-6 cm2·s-1 and μ to about 10-3-10-4 cm2·V-1·s-1, and the operating current of the cells under 600 mV bias could be increased by almost 100 times .

该固态氧化还原聚合物膜的性能比较稳定，在空气中放置30天后其Dct和μ降低得很少。

Finally according to the foregoing method,one pipeline was analyzed,as an example,in detail. underground pipeline ; corrosion ; Nernst Equation

在电化学腐蚀中的化学反应都是氧化还原反应，腐蚀原电池能够形成说明原电池的两电极之间有电位差存在，即每一个电极都有一个电位，但两个电极的电位大小高低

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。