氧化物

It shows that the thermionic emission current can be influenced by the temperature, the work function, the diameter of the surplus RE particleand the electric field. The "nanometer particles" theory modification concentrates mainly on two parts. First, the active layer was described.

对"纳米微粒子"发射模型进行两方面的完善：其一、描述了表面活性物质层是非连续的薄膜；其二、当稀土氧化物晶体中的氧缺位浓度超过临界值的时候，即开始有纳米稀土粒子的形成和生长。

Impregnate with thorium oxide to increase thermionic emission.

注入镀氧化物使增加热电子发射。

It is used in thermite reactions in which aluminium powder reduces metal oxides.

它被用于铝热剂反应，反应中铝粉还原金属氧化物。

Thermite is aluminum powder and a metal oxide which produces an aluminothermic reaction known as a thermite reaction.

铝热剂是铝粉和金属氧化物的混合物，它可以发生铝热反应。

The effect of heat treatment process and substrates on the crystallization, structure, topography, orientation and conductivity of LNO films have been investigated systematically by means of thermogram analysis, X-ray diffraction, transmission and scanning electron microscopy, Rutherford backscattering spectrometry and electrical measurement.

本论文首次采用金属有机物分解法，选择异辛酸盐作为有机前体，成功地制备了具有钙钛矿结构的LaNiO〓导电氧化物电极，并通过多种分析测试手段系统地研究了热处理工艺、衬底类型等对LNO晶化、微结构、表面形态、取向以及导电性能的影响。

This project was established based on the first cooperative development of optical in situ real time detecting technique probing the atomic scale layer-by-layer epitaxy growth of oxide film. Over the last three years, we have given full play to the advantages and characteristics of both sides and have finished the assumptions and plans of this subject satisfactorily. 1. In Institute of Physics, we set up advanced oblique-incidence reflectivity difference equipment and wrote one data acquisition procedure that made the simultaneous detection of optical signal and RHEED signal into reality. 2. The first observation of sustained oscillations over hundreds of monolayers in both real and imaginary signals during the epitaxy growth of SrNb0.1Ti0.9O3 on SrTiO3 substrate in LMBE testifies that oblique-incidence is an excellent method to detect and monitor film epitaxy growth real time. 3. For the first time, we verify that oblique-incidence reflectivity difference method can be used to monitor the layer-by-layer growth mode during continuous growth through the correspondence between optical signals to atomic or molecular step edge density on the growth surface. 4. Phenomenological analysis shows that optical signals comprise three parts, the first is proportional to the average thickness of the film and depends on the bulk phase dielectric response; the second is proportional to the coverage of terraces and depends on the dielectric response of atoms or unit cells in the terrace; the third is proportional to the coverage of step edges and depends on the effective dielectric response of atoms or unit cells at step edges. This makes oblique-incident reflectivity difference technique a quantitative macroscopic method to monitor film growth.

中文摘要：本课题是在合作首次发展了氧化物薄膜原子尺度层状外延生长光学原位实时探测方法的基础上立项的，三年来，我们充分发挥双方的优势和特点，圆满完成了课题的设想和计划。1、在物理所建立了一套先进的光反射差法装置，编写了计算机系统的数据采集程序，实现了两路光学信号和RHEED数据的同步采集和显示。2、用激光分子束外延在SrTiO3基底上生长SrNb0.1Ti0.9O3薄膜，首次观测到连续外延几百个原胞层，周期振荡的光反射差实部和虚部信号，证明了光反射差法是一种能原位实时探测与监控薄膜层状外延生长的好方法。3、首次验证了通过对生长表面原子或分子台阶密度的响应，光反射差法可用于原位实时监测在连续生长条件下薄膜的层式生长模式。4、通过唯象理论的研究，证明光反射差信号由三项组成，第一项只与薄膜的平均厚度和宏观光学电介质常数有关；第二项与分子台阶面覆盖度和台阶面上分子层的光学电介质常数有关；第三项与台阶边缘的覆盖度成正比，并和在台阶边缘的分子的有效光学介电常数有关。

It is expected that the difference between the rare-earth oxide and thoria on thermodynamic properties may influence the migration of oxide, but obvious effect is not achieved.

同时由于稀土氧化物与W基体熔点的显著差异，造成其对W电极材料的加工性能的影响又成为难以解决的问题。

So, at present numerous work mainly focuses on the finding of the new activators to improve the erosion. The new activators are referred to as the rare-earth metal oxide instead of the thoria.

因此迄今为止，国内外的研究主要集中在采用稀土氧化物取代传统ThO〓添加剂，试图利用它们的热物性差别来提高迁移能力，但收效不大。

Our products cover a wide field such as Semi-conductor, Optics, Laser, Compound, Oxide, Fluoride, Polycrystal, Ally, Thulium, and etc.

已定型生产12大系列，近百种型号的电子专用设备，它涉及半导体，光学及激光，化合物，氧化物，氟化物等晶体材料以及多晶硅，合金材料，人工宝石等众多高科技领域。

The influence of promoters La and Ce on 〓 and CoS〓-TiO〓 catalyst is further analyzed.

重点分析了助剂La和Ce对氧化物催化剂〓和硫化物催化剂CoS〓-TiO〓的性能影响。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。